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161.
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Krous HF Nadeau JM Silva PD Byard RW 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2002,23(2):127-131
The decline in the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and recent recommendations regarding the differentiation of SIDS and child abuse has generated speculation that some cases of infanticide were misdiagnosed as SIDS. The aims of this study were to determine the change in incidences and proportions of postneonatal deaths from all causes, SIDS, and infanticide in California over an 18-year interval encompassing years before and after the Back to Sleep campaign. Selected postneonatal mortality data from 1981 through 1998 obtained from the California Department of Health Services were analyzed and graphically displayed. The total postneonatal mortality and incidence of SIDS deaths per 100,000 live births decreased 45% and 66%, respectively, during the study interval; the incidence of infanticide remained low. The ratio of infanticide to SIDS increased from 4.3 per 100 in 1981 to 10.2 per 100 in 1998. Infanticide deaths, as a percentage of the total number of postneonatal deaths, increased slightly from the first to the second half of the study interval but never rose above 3.2%. It is concluded that this increased percentage is due to a decrease in SIDS deaths and not to an actual increase in infanticide deaths. 相似文献
163.
Chronic factitious disorder with physical symptoms, or Munchausen syndrome, is a well-recognized but uncommonly diagnosed psychiatric condition characterized by the deliberate production of signs and symptoms of disease in order to receive medical attention. Clinical suspicion of this disease is rarely confirmed by autopsy, as the patients usually do not die as a consequence of feigning illness. Here we report the autopsy confirmation of a case of a suspected Munchausen syndrome patient who presented with a history of cystic fibrosis. Examination of the lungs demonstrated extensive severe interstitial fibrosis, and polariscopic examination revealed a large quantity of crystalline material throughout the tissue; X-ray diffraction identified the material as talc. Synopses of published cases of Munchausen syndrome presenting as cystic fibrosis, and cases of Munchausen syndrome with pulmonary talcosis are presented as part of the discussion. 相似文献
164.
James McGuire Charlotte A. L. Bilby Ruth M. Hatcher Clive R. Hollin Juliet Hounsome Emma J. Palmer 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2008,4(1):21-40
This paper reports the outcome of a 17-month follow-up of structured, community-based, offence-focused, intervention programmes
designed to reduce rates of re-conviction amongst adjudicated offenders under probation supervision. Three separate programmes
were examined, all derived from a cognitive social learning model of risk factors for repeated involvement in crime. Using
a quasi-experimental design, the study compared male offenders who had completed programmes (n = 215) with a non-completion group (n = 181), a group allocated to programmes but who had not commenced them (n = 339), and a control sample (n = 194) not allocated to the programmes. Outcome data analysis employed (a) an “intent to treat” between-group comparison,
(b) “treatment received” methodology. In order to take account of selection bias, data were further analysed using instrumental
variables and propensity scores; results suggested a possible treatment effect for moderate and higher-risk cases. Factors
influencing different interpretations of these findings were considered.
James McGuire is Professor of Forensic Clinical Psychology and Director of the Doctor of Clinical Psychology programme at the University of Liverpool, UK. He also holds an honorary post as consultant clinical psychologist in Mersey Care NHS Trust. He has conducted research in probation services, prisons, and other settings on aspects of psychosocial interventions with offenders; and has written or edited 14 books and numerous other publications on this and related issues. He worked for some years in a high-security hospital and has carried out psycho-legal work involving assessment of offenders for courts, for hearings of the Mental Health Review Tribunal, the Parole Board, and for the Criminal Cases Review Commission. In addition he has been involved in a range of consultative work with criminal justice agencies in the UK, Sweden, Romania, Canada, Australia and Hong Kong. Charlotte Bilby is a Lecturer in Criminology at the University of Leicester. Her research interests include the role and politics of evaluation in UK criminal justice policy making, offenders’ experiences of probation and the processes of offender rehabilitation, reform and management. Ruth Hatcher is a Lecturer in Forensic Psychology at the University of Leicester. Her research interests include the evaluation of offending behaviour programmes within community and custodial settings, the investigation of predictors and correlates of attrition from community offending behaviour programmes, bullying behaviour within custodial settings, and the psychological impact of working with forensic populations. Clive R. Hollin is Professor of Criminological Psychology in the School of Psychology at The University of Leicester, UK. He wrote the best-selling textbook Psychology and Crime: An Introduction to Criminological Psychology (1989, Routledge). His most recent book, edited with Emma Palmer, is Offending Behaviour Programmes: Development, Application, and Controversies (2006, John Wiley & Sons). He is co-editor of the journal Psychology, Crime, & Law. Alongside his various university appointments, he has worked as a psychologist in prisons, special hospitals, and regional secure units. In 1998 he received The Senior Award for Distinguished Contribution to the Field of Legal, Criminological and Forensic Psychology from The British Psychological Society. Juliet Hounsome graduated with a B.Sc. in Applied Psychology from John Moores University, Liverpool, in 1997 and obtained an M.Sc. in Psychological Research Methods from Lancaster University in 1999. She subsequently worked at the Centre for Public Health, John Moores University, conducting research on the trends of drug misuse in Merseyside over a 10-year period. From 2002 until 2005 she held research posts, first at Liverpool and then as a Fellow at Leicester University, working on a large-scale re-conviction study funded by the Home Office that aimed to evaluate the National Probation Directorate Pathfinder programmes. Her current post is as a systematic reviewer with the Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group, conducting assessments for the Health Technology Assessment Programme and the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence. Emma J. Palmer is a Reader in Forensic Psychology at the University of Leicester. Her research interests include the roles of parenting and social cognition (including moral reasoning) in the development of offending, assessment of offender risk and need, the design and evaluation of interventions for offenders, and interpersonal violence among prisoners. She has recently co-edited a book with Clive Hollin titled Offending Behaviour Programmes: Development, Applications, and Controversies (2006, Wiley). 相似文献
James McGuireEmail: |
James McGuire is Professor of Forensic Clinical Psychology and Director of the Doctor of Clinical Psychology programme at the University of Liverpool, UK. He also holds an honorary post as consultant clinical psychologist in Mersey Care NHS Trust. He has conducted research in probation services, prisons, and other settings on aspects of psychosocial interventions with offenders; and has written or edited 14 books and numerous other publications on this and related issues. He worked for some years in a high-security hospital and has carried out psycho-legal work involving assessment of offenders for courts, for hearings of the Mental Health Review Tribunal, the Parole Board, and for the Criminal Cases Review Commission. In addition he has been involved in a range of consultative work with criminal justice agencies in the UK, Sweden, Romania, Canada, Australia and Hong Kong. Charlotte Bilby is a Lecturer in Criminology at the University of Leicester. Her research interests include the role and politics of evaluation in UK criminal justice policy making, offenders’ experiences of probation and the processes of offender rehabilitation, reform and management. Ruth Hatcher is a Lecturer in Forensic Psychology at the University of Leicester. Her research interests include the evaluation of offending behaviour programmes within community and custodial settings, the investigation of predictors and correlates of attrition from community offending behaviour programmes, bullying behaviour within custodial settings, and the psychological impact of working with forensic populations. Clive R. Hollin is Professor of Criminological Psychology in the School of Psychology at The University of Leicester, UK. He wrote the best-selling textbook Psychology and Crime: An Introduction to Criminological Psychology (1989, Routledge). His most recent book, edited with Emma Palmer, is Offending Behaviour Programmes: Development, Application, and Controversies (2006, John Wiley & Sons). He is co-editor of the journal Psychology, Crime, & Law. Alongside his various university appointments, he has worked as a psychologist in prisons, special hospitals, and regional secure units. In 1998 he received The Senior Award for Distinguished Contribution to the Field of Legal, Criminological and Forensic Psychology from The British Psychological Society. Juliet Hounsome graduated with a B.Sc. in Applied Psychology from John Moores University, Liverpool, in 1997 and obtained an M.Sc. in Psychological Research Methods from Lancaster University in 1999. She subsequently worked at the Centre for Public Health, John Moores University, conducting research on the trends of drug misuse in Merseyside over a 10-year period. From 2002 until 2005 she held research posts, first at Liverpool and then as a Fellow at Leicester University, working on a large-scale re-conviction study funded by the Home Office that aimed to evaluate the National Probation Directorate Pathfinder programmes. Her current post is as a systematic reviewer with the Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group, conducting assessments for the Health Technology Assessment Programme and the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence. Emma J. Palmer is a Reader in Forensic Psychology at the University of Leicester. Her research interests include the roles of parenting and social cognition (including moral reasoning) in the development of offending, assessment of offender risk and need, the design and evaluation of interventions for offenders, and interpersonal violence among prisoners. She has recently co-edited a book with Clive Hollin titled Offending Behaviour Programmes: Development, Applications, and Controversies (2006, Wiley). 相似文献
165.
Julie Dickson 《European Law Journal》2011,17(2):190-212
This article is concerned with whether the concept of a legal system—long a centrepiece of state‐based legal theories—is a useful conceptual tool in theorising the contemporary EU and its legal relations with its Member States. The focus lies particularly with EU directives, and with what the character and operation of this distinctive type of EU norm can tell us as regards the existence of and relations between legal systems in the EU. I argue for the view that the EU is comprised of distinct but interacting legal systems at EU and national level, and claim that the character and operation of directives supports this view. Throughout the discussion I try to bring the conceptual tools of analytical legal philosophy to bear on puzzles generated by EU law and its relations with national law, in order to show that a sound analysis of aspects of the EU can benefit from abstract legal philosophical reflection, and vice versa. 相似文献
166.
Julie T. Weismoore Christianne Esposito-Smythers 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(3):281-290
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood abuse, assault, cognitive distortion, and non-suicidal
self-injury (NSSI) in a clinical adolescent sample. The sample included one hundred eighty-five psychiatrically hospitalized
adolescents and their parents. Adolescent participants were predominantly female (71.4%), Caucasian (84%), and of non-Hispanic
ethnicity (9.2%). Participants completed a diagnostic interview and self-report measures to assess youth history of abuse
and assault, cognitive errors, negative self-views, and recent NSSI. No relationship was found between childhood abuse and
NSSI. However, a history of assault was associated with NSSI among youth who reported higher cognitive errors and more negative
self-views, even after controlling for gender and internalizing disorders. These results suggest that existing affect regulation
models of NSSI may be enhanced by incorporating the role of cognitive distortion. Clinically, results also suggest that assessing
adolescent victims of assault for cognitive errors and negative self-views, and helping them restructure these cognitive distortions
when present, may reduce the likelihood of NSSI. 相似文献
167.
168.
The contributors to this issue focus on legal internationalism (Peroni 2016; Turan 2016), including hybrid mixes with nationalist forms (Sankey 2016). They have provoked us as editors to think more about these sites and forms of engagement. Sankey shows how civic participation in the ECCC has played a key role in surfacing the gendered harms of separation and starvation. Turan highlights the problems with ICC exclusion of the experience of men and boys from sexual violence. Peroni expresses her hesitations over the Istanbul Convention given an association between assumed vulnerability and migrant women, while admiring its uncoupling of violence and culture. Cruz’s interview with Wendy Brown (2016) contextualizes and expands on these themes as they consider, with other participants, the future of feminist theory in the context of neo-liberal capturing of rights and legal space. Thinking more about internationalism and commitment in this context also helps us hold a mirror up to ourselves as we reflect more critically on our own naming of FLS as an ‘international’ journal. Together these contributions, and the reviews of new work, play a role in fleshing out an editorial commitment to enacting the journal as a living thing that ‘hangs together somehow’ (Mol 2002) even as it is known differently in different places. 相似文献
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170.