Sex, lies, and videotape: The presentation of sex crime in local television news

The portrayal of sex crime in popular media is distorted and sensational. The media propagate several myths about sex crime and provide numerous inaccuracies about the nature and level of sex crime. Employing content analysis, this research sought to systematically and critically explore the presentation of sex crime in local television newscasts. The results revealed that approximately 10 percent of crime stories were sex related. In addition, the results suggested that sex crime stories were more likely to present fear, while being less likely to appear sensational or report motives. Finally, unlike the majority of crime stories, sex crime stories were more likely to be reported in the later stages of criminal justice, which included the court, sentencing, and disposition phase. These findings are discussed within the context of common depictions of sex crime. Essentially, victim credibility and fear are universal themes within the context of sex crime presentation.     

The emerging public service culture: values,ethics, and reforms

Abstract: Many public organizations have acknowledged the importance of shared valries to orpnizational success by developing a statement of their core values. These statements are a rich source of data on the values that these organizations deem to be most central to successful governance. Some experts argue that a focus on values is a preferable alternative both to restructuring an organization and to relying on rules for internal management. Rased in part on an analysis of the value statements of public organizations, this paper draws four conclusions. First, the new values associated with the new model of public organization have rapidly permeated the value system of the public service. Second, some of the new values reinforce some of the traditional ones. Third, the emerging public service culture will contain a blend of old and new values. Finally, three traditional values - integrity, accountability and fairness, equity — will occupy an especially prominent place in that emerging culture. Sommaire: Ayant reconnu que le succès d'une organisation exige le partage de valeurs communes, de nombreux organismes publics ont élaboré un énoncé de leurs valeurs fondamentales. Ces énoncés constituent une source précieuse de données sur les valeurs que ces organisations considèrent essentielles à une bonne gouverne. Selon certains experts, il est préférable de mettre l'accent sur les valeurs plutôt que de restructurer l'organisation ou de faire appel aux règles pour la gestion interne. Fondé en partie sur une analyse des énoncés de valeurs d'organismes publics, cet article propose quatre conclusions. Premièrement, les nouvelles valeurs associées au nouveau modèle d'organisation publique se sont rapidement frayé un chemin dans la fonction publique. Deuxièmement, certaines des nouvelles valeurs renforcent des valeurs traditionnelles. Troisièmement, la nouvelle culture de la fonction publique contiendra un mélange de valeurs anciennes et nouvelles. Quatrièmement, trois valeurs traditionnelles, à savoir, l'intégrité, la responsabilité et l'équité, occuperont une place de choix au sein de cette culture naissante.     

Speaking truth to academics: The wisdom of the practitioners

Abstract: Academic scholars, both as researchers and teachers, need the ideas and insights of reflective practitioners on the real world of the public service. Public servants can “speak truth to academics” in the broad sense of providing information, analysis and counsel concerning the public service and candid commentary on scholarly writings. Conceptualizing the public servant as a theorist involved in research through reflection‐on‐action highlights the importance of the scholarly practitioner as a source of learning. This article profiles several public servants whose contributions to the scholarly literature on public administration have had substantial influence in the academic community. Among the factors limiting such contributions are time constraints, the scarcity of publication outlets and lack of senior‐level support. Incentives to write for publication include personal interest and motivation and invitations to contribute to a conference, book or article or to collaborate with someone else. Practitioner contributions to scholarly writing can be fostered by such means as co‐authorship with academics, communities of practice and senior‐level encouragement. Academic scholars can help foster the systematic accumulation of knowledge in the public service and its transfer beyond government. Sommaire : Les universitaires, qu'ils soient chercheurs ou enseignants, ont besoin des idées et des perspectives de praticiens qui réfléchissent sur le monde concret de la fonction publique. Les fonctionnaires peuvent « révéler la vérité aux universitaires » au sens large du terme en fournissant des informations, des analyses et des conseils sur la fonction publique et des commentaires francs sur les publications savantes. Le fait de concevoir le fonctionnaire comme un théoricien engagé dans la recherche grâce à la réflexion sur l'action souligne l'importance du praticien universitaire comme source d'apprentissage. Cet article dresse le profil de plusieurs fonctionnaires dont les contributions aux publications érudites sur l'administration publique ont eu une influence considérable dans le milieu universitaire. Parmi les facteurs qui restreignent de telles contributions, on note les contraintes de temps, la rareté des débouchés pour les publications, et le manque de soutien de la part de la haute direction. Les motivations qui encouragent la rédaction d'articles en vue de publication comprennent l'intérêt personnel, les invitations à contribuer à une conférence, à un livre ou à un article, ou bien la collaboration avec quelqu'un d'autre. Les praticiens peuvent être incités à contribuer à la recherche si on leur donne la possibilité d'être coauteurs avec des universitaires, de participer à des communautés de praticiens et de recevoir les encouragements de la haute direction. Les universitaires peuvent contribuer à l'accumulation systématique de connaissances dans la fonction publique en les faisant passer au‐delà du gouvernement.     

An experimental investigation of procedural issues in complex tort trials

An investigation of the impact of innovations in civil trial procedure manipulated trial structure (unitary vs. separated trial issues), order of decisions (liability or causation first), and number of decisions made (one to four) in a simulated toxic tort trial. Juries gave verdicts and damage awards. Recordings were made of the juries' deliberations. The results showed significantly more verdicts in favor of the plaintiffs in unitary trials (causation, liability, and damages heard together) as opposed to separated trials. However, average damage awards were higher in the separated than in the unitary trial conditions. Juries assigned more responsibility to the defendant in the unitary trial. Juries also used the totality of the evidence to decide all issues, especially general causation, which contained the most ambiguous testimony. The performance of these simulated juries in complex litigation was discussed in terms of group and individual cognitive factors.