The Impact of School Mental Health Services on Out-of-School Suspension Rates

The current study investigated whether the presence of school-based mental health clinicians in an urban school district was associated with reduced out-of-school suspension rates. Forty one elementary schools with expanded school mental health (ESMH) programs were compared to 41 schools without ESMH programs. Correlational analyses revealed associations between suspension outcomes and several school-level demographic variables including school attendance rate, percent of students in poverty, and percent of nonwhite students in the school. After controlling for these variables, however, results of stepwise linear regressions demonstrated no significant differences between ESMH and non-ESMH schools on suspension outcomes. Results of the current study suggest that the presence of ESMH clinicians will not necessarily impact suspension rates in an elementary school. Targeted and well-implemented approaches to address behaviors that lead to suspension, or school- and system-level policies to provide alternatives to suspensions, will likely be a better route to achieving this outcome.     

CHINA’S STYLE

正Chinese president's visit to the Middle East is not just an economic,butdiplomatic investmentChina's friendly diplomatic links with Middle Eastern countries are not a new phenomenon.Some would argue that they go back centuries to the era of previous imperial trade links,and the Silk Road routes that carried spices,resources and precious metals between the two regions.In modern times,however.     

Renal Tubular Epithelial Vacuoles—A Marker for Both Hyperlipidemia and Ketoacidosis at Autopsy

Review of 15 cases of nephrotic syndrome found that eight had significant hyperlipidemia with serum cholesterol levels ranging between 10.59 and 18.60 mmol/L (mean 12.88) and serum triglyceride levels between 2.30 and 9.92 mmol/L (mean 4.58); all of these cases displayed basal lipid vacuolization. Seven of the 15 study cases had normal–mild hyperlipidemia with serum cholesterol levels ranging between 4.71 and 7.54 mmol/L (mean 6.02) and serum triglyceride levels between 0.65 and 4.1 mmol/L (mean 1.57). Six of the seven cases had basal lipid vacuoles (86%). Of these, five cases were hyperlipidemic and one case had borderline hyperlipidemia with a serum cholesterol level of 4.71 mmol/L. Although hyperlipidemia was associated with renal tubular epithelial vacuolization, the vacuoles appeared morphologically different to those found in ketoacidosis. This study has shown that while hyperlipidemia in isolation may result in basal lipid vacuolization within renal tubular epithelial cells, the phenotype differs from that observed in ketoacidosis.     

Some proposals for adapting federal-provincial financial agreements to current conditions

Abstract. This paper argues that the federal government should allow provincial governments to levy whatever tax rates they wish, to be applied to the taxbase of the federal personal income tax, and should agree to administer provincial tax credits and surcharges, adopted for the purpose of altering the incidence of provincial taxes. The federal government also should forego attempts to prevent all provincial tax inducements to industrial location, and seek agreement with the provinces OR a list of proscribed measures. Further, the federal government would be ill-advised to attempt to reassert direction over provincial medicare, hospital insurance and post-secondary education programs. The funding arrangements agreed to in 1977 should be continued until the broader issue of the division of functions between the two orders of government is clarified. The paper also argues that a new rationale for equalization payments and a new basis for their calculation should be adopted. The amount of a payment to a province should be determined solely by its real income per capita relative to that of the other provinces. Sommaire: L'auteur de cet exposé présente plusieurs suggestions. Ainsi, le gouvernement fédéral devrait autoriser les gouvernements provinciaux à fixer leurs taux d'impôt comme bon leur semble, taux qui seraient appliqués à l'assiette de l'impôt fédéral sur le revenu personnel, et qu'il devrait accepter d'administrer les surtaxes et créedits d'impôt provinciaux, adoptés dans le but de modifier l'incidence de ces impôts. Le gouvernement fédéral devrait aussi abandonner toute tentative de prohibition des encouragements fiscaux provinciaux destinés à stimuler l'implantation industrielle. Finalement, il devrait chercher à s'entendre avec les provinces sur une liste de mesures d'interdiction. De plus, le gouvernement fédéral serait ma1 venu d'essayer de réorienter l'assurance-maladie provinciale, l'assurance-hospitalisation et les programmes d'éducation post-secondaire. Les dispositions de financement prises en 1977 devraient rester en place jusqu’à ce que la question fondamentale de la division des fonctions entre les deux paliers de gouvernement soit éclaircie. L'auteur affirme également qu'il est nécessaire d'adopter une nouvelle base conceptuelle en ce qui concerne les paiements de péréquation et leur calcul. A son avis, le montant destiné a une province devrait être déterminé uniquement sur la base du revenu individuel réel, par rapport à celui des autres provinces.     

THE POWERS OF XI JINPING

Since becoming head of the Communist Party in China in late 2012, Xi Jinping has accrued an impressive raft of titles. He has been compared to the founder of the regime, Mao Zedong, and is seen by some as sitting at the centre of a network of different power sources. But is power as personalised as this model makes out in contemporary China, with all its complexity and diversity? And can one person really rule the continental sized country in this paternalistic way? This article argues that Xi's powers are intrinsically linked with the organisation that he leads and which his power is sourced in – the Party itself. Far from him being the emperor of modern China, it is the Communist Party which acts as the all-seeing, all-powerful ruler. In this model, Xi is its servant, not its master.     

Lists and Lotteries: Rationing in the Housing Choice Voucher Program

This article investigates how the Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) program rations subsidies. HCV is the largest low-income housing assistance program in the United States. Despite the program’s size, millions of HCV-eligible households go without subsidy each year. Because the demand for support exceeds the supply of subsidies, HCV assistance is rationed through several mechanisms. These mechanisms and their relationship with the HCV system from both the client and administrator perspectives will be discussed. Implications of HCV rationing will also be discussed.     

The Pacific Islanders' Fund and the Misappropriation of the Wages of Deceased Pacific Islanders by the Queensland Government

The Queensland Pacific Islanders' Fund operated between 1885 and the 1900s but is largely unknown today. It was established in the Treasury to facilitate the operation of the Pacific Island Labourers Act 1880 Amendment Act 1885 to safeguard return fares and to ensure that the money due to deceased Islanders was returned to their families. However, over time, because of the high death rates, the wages of deceased Islanders became so substantial that they were able to be used to supplement the administration of the whole labour trade. Money was drawn off to subsidize Islander hospitals and Christian missions, to an extent that in the final 1900s deportation years there was no longer enough money available to pay full fares. The Queensland government seldom returned the full wages to the families of the deceased Islanders and profited largely from their deaths. In today's money, millions of dollars were misappropriated, in similar fashion to wages misappropriated by the same government from Aborigines.     

Arthur Fadden: A Political Silhouette

Arthur Fadden: A Political Silhouette. By Tracey M. Arklay (North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2014), pp. xiii + 240, AU$39.95 (pb).