排序方式: 共有17条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Anna Stewart Hennessey Hayes Michael Livingston Gerard Palk 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2008,4(4):357-380
Restorative justice conferencing for young offenders is firmly established in Australian juvenile justice, and legislated
conferencing schemes are operating in all Australian states and territories. While there is some variation in the terms used
to describe restorative justice conferences (e.g., family group conferencing, family conferencing, or youth justice conferencing),
there is much more consistency in how the conferencing process is managed across Australian jurisdictions. In Queensland youth
justice conferencing is a process that brings together an offender, the victim and their supporters to discuss the harm caused
by the offending behaviour and provide the young person with an opportunity to take responsibility for his or her behaviour
and make amends. This paper begins by briefly sketching the development of restorative justice conferencing in Queensland
and describes the Juvenile Justice Simulation Model (JJSM), a micro-simulation model developed for criminal justice policy
analysis in Queensland, Australia. We use this micro-simulation model to conduct an experimental exploration of the effects
that youth justice conferencing has on system-wide outcomes for indigenous young people. The model simulates the impact of
interventions up until 2011 on the number of finalised youth justice court appearances. Our results indicate that youth justice
conferencing is unlikely to reduce the over-representation of indigenous young people in the juvenile justice system. The
simulations demonstrated that, by the 2011, youth justice conferencing would result in a 12.5% decrease in finalised court
appearances. Unfortunately, this decrease was more apparent for non-indigenous young people (13.7% decrease in court appearances)
than for indigenous young people, who had a 10.5% decrease in court appearances. This differential impact of conferencing
is due to the different court appearance profiles between indigenous and non-indigenous young offenders, with indigenous young
people initiating offending at an earlier age and offending more frequently than non-indigenous young offenders. 相似文献
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JD Livingston A Nijdam-Jones J Brink 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2012,23(3):345-360
Several questions remain unanswered regarding the extent to which the principles and practices of patient-centered care are achievable in the context of a forensic mental health hospital. This study examined patient-centered care from the perspectives of patients and providers in a forensic mental health hospital. Patient-centered care was assessed using several measures of complementary constructs. Interviews were conducted with 30 patients and surveys were completed by 28 service providers in a forensic mental health hospital. Patients and providers shared similar views of the therapeutic milieu and recovery orientation of services; however, providers were more likely to perceive the hospital as being potentially unsafe. Overall, the findings indicated that characteristics of patient-centered care may be found within a forensic mental health hospital. The principles of patient-centered care can be integrated into service delivery in forensic mental health hospitals, though special attention to providers' perceptions of safety is needed. 相似文献
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Sara Delaney Geoffrey Livingston Steven Schonberger 《South African Journal of International Affairs》2013,20(3):341-365
This paper suggests that smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are well placed to seize the opportunities from expanding global and regional demand for agricultural products but that this will require a shift from extensive to more intensive production systems. The ability of SSA's smallholder farmers to increase on-farm investments in productivity is, however, constrained by their capacity to manage the risk-return trade-offs in moving towards intensified agriculture. While stakeholders are increasing their investments to assist smallholders in SSA to participate in integrated supply chains, the returns in terms of technical and financial results from these investments are generally lower than in other developing regions. This paper suggests that this is, at least in part, a consequence of problems associated with the role of spatial and temporal coordination in program delivery. Hence, much more focus needs to be devoted to delivering goods and services for smallholders at the right place and the right time, and this should be better monitored and evaluated in the context of development programs. 相似文献
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In October and November 2001, the Pentagon purchased the rights to all images of Afghanistan taken by the Ikonos remote sensing satellite, a high-resolution satellite owned and operated by Space Imaging, Inc. Ikonos is one of a growing number of privately owned and operated remote sensing satellites. It is suggested that Ikonos and other high-resolution satellites carry at least two challenges to national security policy makers. The first is a challenge to operational security – the ability to plan, prepare and carry out military operations in a controlled information environment. Second, commercial remote sensing presents a political challenge to policy makers. Policy makers today face a greater challenge in their efforts to maintain control over the content of debate concerning national and international security priorities and objectives. It is argued here that the nature of the security policy debate itself is in the midst of a fundamental shift in tone and quality as a result of remote sensing satellite technology. It was principally this latter challenge – and not a concern over operational security – that led to the Pentagon's purchase of all Ikonos images during the opening phases of the war in Afganistan. 相似文献
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Engineering problems are one factor limiting low cost access to low earth orbit. Insurance and range costs also hinder low cost access. Achieving low cost orbital access requires dealing with economic limitations of chemical rockets, lack of business planning, and failure to identify a workable path that will take us from an immature to a mature launch industry. A mature launch industry exhibiting low cost to orbit and significant flight rates by reusable vehicles with long lifetimes will not evolve unless this multifactorial problem is solved. 相似文献
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Jacob Livingston Slosser 《European Law Journal》2019,25(6):593-607
This paper looks at the use of metaphor and its effect on the interpretation of the ‘quality of law’ in Art. 8 cases of the European Court of Human Rights. It demonstrates the Court's reproduction of specific metaphorical frames ‐ a finding consistent with the use of metaphor in judgment experiments in cognitive linguistics. The Court employs metaphors conceptually coherent with those used in their cited precedent, in their representation of the successful pleadings within their judgments and insists (implicitly) on different metaphors in dissent. This paper argues that the use of congruent metaphors may be indicative of metaphor as a contributing factor in how judges reason. In the least, it is a significantly understudied phenomenon and this paper provides evidence for the salience of its approach for understanding judicial reasoning. 相似文献