基于语料库的立法语言语义研究

文章是以语料库为基础的对立法语言的初步研究。文章一方面从语义学的角度以立法实例区分模糊性、歧义性、多义性以及概括性等概念，另一方面从法学的角度探讨概括性、模糊性在立法中的价值。本研究表明立法语言中的模糊性、概括性是语言与法律现实相互作用的结果，也是法律多元化的内在要求，为立法相对稳定性以及司法确定性提供了空间。     

权利冲突解决路径分析

权利冲突是继权利义务关系问题、权利本位问题之后法学界又一热点话题，同时也是现实中普遍存的司法难点。研究权利冲突，特别是寻找权利冲突的解决途径，以便在实践中妥善地解决好权利冲突问题，意义重大。我们不可能一劳永逸地解决权利冲突，坚持权利位阶原则、利益／价值衡量原则，完善立法做好事前防范，事后当事人忍让和司法途径予以补充是解决权利冲突的必然进择。     

浅谈大学英语阅读技能教学法

一、阅读教学的目标在英语学习中 ,对大学生而言 ,首先是作为语言学习者 ,所以语言能力之改善是学生在表象上的目标。但学生为何要改善其语言掌握能力呢 ?除了语言专业的学生 ,大部分学生只是把英语当作目的工具而已。所以 ,在这种情形下 ,若能使用与学生专业相关的材料更有利于教学以及激发学生的积极性 ;但这种材料会因其知识面、文体的相对局限性而阻碍了阅读技巧的全面发展。虽然不同的学生阅读不同的文章会有其特定的目的 ,但总的来说 ,英语阅读教学的目标在于 :Ｔｏｅｎａｂｌｅｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｔｏｒｅａｄｗｉｔｈｏｕｔｈｅｌｐｕｎ…     

Voters and roll call voting: The effect on congressional elections

The subject of this research is whether ideological preferences play a major role in explaining voters' refusal to reelect some members of the U.S. House of Representatives. If ideological control is important, one would expect to find a large difference between the voting record of a rejected incumbent and his or her replacement. In distinction, whenever voters must replace a congressman or congresswoman because that person had died in office or chose to run for higher office, the hypothesis of ideological tracking implies that the newly elected member of Congress will resemble his or her predecessor. The data confirm these hypotheses and show, as well, that ideological control exists within parties and not only between them; that the degree of voters' ideological control is as great over senior congressmen and congresswomen as over junior ones; and that voters' concern about ideology has increased over the last two decades.     

Winners and losers and Why: A Study of Defamation litigation

This article summarizes the results of a study of 534 reported defamation cases decided over a period beginning in 1976 and ending just before the Hutchinson and Wolston decisions of mid-1979. A major aspect of the study was the comparison of media and nonmedia defamation cases, which appear quite different. Each case was studied to identify, among other things, the plaintiff and the defendant, the statement that provoked the suit, the context of that statement, the role of state and federal law in resolving the case, and the procedural stages at which each case was resolved. A follow-up study to identify changes since Hutchinson and Wolston is in progress.     

Suicide by nitrous oxide poisoning

Fatal nitrous oxide poisoning usually occurs accidentally during the administration of general anesthesia. It seldom occurs during autoerotic behavior or in acute drug abuse. We report an unusual case of a health professional who committed suicide by inhaling nitrous oxide.     

Further evidence of the validity of the Suicide Risk Assessment Scale for prisoners

The Suicide Risk Assessment Scale (SRAS; nine items) is useful in correctional settings but needed further validation. First, 44 inmates originally screened as suicidal with the SRAS were evaluated by institutional psychologists according to five criteria: suicidal urgency, risk, appropriateness of referral, need for short- or long-term watch. On the whole, the SRAS was judged to be as effective as a more elaborate test. Second, 242 suicidal and non-suicidal inmates were tested with the SRAS. Their results correlated better with suicidal risk (.71) than with urgency (.50). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis even showed that the SRAS performed better than a more elaborate test in predicting risk.