家庭与青少年犯罪

青少年违法犯罪,是当今各国面临的严重社会问题。这一问题产生的原因是多方面的,其中家庭的负面影响是导致青少年违法犯罪的直接和重要原因。影响青少年健康成长的家庭负面影响,主要包括不良的家庭环境和不当的家庭教育两大方面。要预防和减少青少年犯罪,必须首先从家庭做起。要强化家庭的教育职能,提高家长的素质,营造良好的家庭环境,更新教育观念,讲究教育方法,做到德智并举。     

Risk management for targeting customs controls in developing countries: a risky venture for revenue performance?

Customs authorities in developing countries are often reluctant to forget systematic inspections for fear of risking revenue loss. Such physical inspections however, impede rather than facilitate trade. Control selectivity is therefore a key issue in customs administration reform. This paper shows how a sophisticated risk management method can facilitate trade by automatically and rationally selecting transactions, with the end result of actually enhancing revenue performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对故意传播艾滋病的刑事立法刍议

保障艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人的合法权利,使其得到应有的治疗,并规定他们应承担的避免将艾滋病毒传染给他人,包括亲人的义务。政府必须加快制定HIV感染者病人的行政和刑事管理法规,对“传播艾滋病罪”作出规定。     

试析文化全球化的现状与前景

当前,文化全球化在生活方式、风俗习惯、制度文化、科技教育、共同观念等方面都有了充分的表现,其深度和广度不断扩展,但也存在全球各文化力量严重失衡、全球交融限于外围、组织化程度不高等局限。同时,国际上存在的文化霸权主义、民族文化中心主义、宗教极端主义等,对文化全球化的进一步发展形成了制约。展望文化全球化的未来发展,以美国价值观实现全球文化的一元化不符合人类发展的共同利益,全球各文化的多元互补应是合理的选择。     

Money,Mortgages, and the Conquest of America

In colonial America, land acquired new liquidity when it became liable for debts. Though English property law maintained a firm distinction between land and chattel for centuries, in the American colonies, the boundary between the categories of real and personal property began to disintegrate. There, the novelty of easy foreclosure and consequent easy alienation of land made it possible for colonists to obtain credit, using land as a security. However, scholars have neglected the first instances in which a newly unconstrained practice of mortgage foreclosure appeared—the transactions through which colonists acquired land from indigenous people in the first place. In this article, I explore these early transactions for land, which took place across fundamental differences between colonists’ and native communities’ conceptions of money, land, and exchange itself. I describe how difference and dependence propelled the growth of the early American contact economy to make land into real estate, or the fungible commodity on the speculative market that it remains today.     

Contesting Legality in Authoritarian Contexts: Food Safety,Rule of Law and China's Networked Public Sphere

Since the introduction of the Internet, China's networked public sphere has become a critical site in which various actors compete to shape public opinion and promote or forestall legal and political change. This paper examines how members of an online public, the Tianya Forum, conceptualized and discussed law in relation to a specific event, the 2008 Sanlu milk scandal. Whereas previous studies suggest the Chinese state effectively controls citizens' legal consciousness via propaganda, this analysis shows that the construction of legality by the Tianya public was not a top‐down process, but a complex negotiation involving multiple parties. The Chinese state had to compete with lawyers and outspoken media to frame and interpret the scandal for the Tianya public and it was not always successful in doing so. Data show further how the online public framed the food safety incident as indicative of fundamental problems rooted in China's political regime and critiqued the state's instrumental use of law.