The reciprocal dynamics of organizing and sense‐making in the implementation of major public‐sector reforms

Abstract: Drawing on a longitudinal study from the early years of implementation of health‐care networks in Quebec, this article describes how public‐sector managers deal with complex challenges when both organizational structures and organizational strategies are radically transformed simultaneously. The new organizations studied had to completely re‐shuffle roles and responsibilities of their management teams while making sense of their new mandate of developing a population‐focused approach to health problems – all the time maintaining day‐to‐day operations. The four health‐care networks studied proceeded somewhat differently to meet these reciprocal challenges. The study reveals the importance of balancing organizing initiatives (focused on structures) with “sense‐making” initiatives (focused on strategies), of developing capacities for sense‐making through the creation of key “sense‐maker/sense‐giver” positions whose occupants are able to ensure that conceptual activities engage people working at different levels, even as organizational structures are in flux, and of mobilizing external constraints and influences as opportunities and resources in sense‐making and organizing. Sommaire : Se fondant sur une étude longitudinale des premières années de la mise en œuvre des réseaux de soins de santé au Québec, cet article décrit la manière dont les gestionnaires du secteur public font face à des défis complexes, alors que les structures et les stratégies organisationnelles sont radicalement transformées simultanément. Les nouveaux organismes étudiés ont dû complètement remanier les rôles et les responsabilités de leurs équipes de gestion et comprendre leur nouveau mandat d'élaborer une approche axée sur la population pour ce qui est des problèmes de santé, tout en maintenant leurs activités au jour le jour. Les quatre réseaux de soins de santéétudiés ont travailléà relever ces défis réciproques d'une manière assez différente. L'étude révèle l'importance de trouver un équilibre entre les initiatives consistant à organiser (axées sur les structures) et les initiatives consistant à interpréter les faits (axées sur les stratégies) ; de perfectionner les capacités à interpréter les faits grâce à la création de postes clés d'«interpréteurs de faits», dont les titulaires veilleraient à ce que des activités conceptuelles fassent intervenir les gens travaillant à différents niveaux même lorsque les structures organisationnelles fluctuent continuellement; et enfin de tirer parti des contraintes et influences externes comme autant d'occasions et de ressources pour interpréter et organiser les faits.     

预防和打击恐怖主义的刑法理论演进

"恐怖主义"概念最早出现于18世纪法国大革命时期,进而与现代社会的各种要素相结合,最终嬗变为国际恐怖主义。刑事古典学派、刑事实证学派虽未专门研究恐怖主义问题,但对类似现象并提出了独特的见解。社会防卫论对恐怖主义犯罪进行专门研究,并提出了相应的防控对策。敌人刑法观是对恐怖主义现象的全新诠释,但其弊端大于合理成份。     

论WTO的执政理念

WTO是调整其成员政府行为的国际经济组织,其规则体系集中体现了这样的政府执政理念：服务、公正执法以及非歧视与透明。这些执政理念不仅贯穿于WTO规则体系之中,体现了其精髓,而且也是其成员政府履行WTO法律规则义务的理性前提,更是践行我国行政法治价值的意志基础。     

Legitimacies, Indian Identities, and the Law: The Politics of Sex and the Creation of History in Colonial New England

In an early-eighteenth-century legal contest on Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts, an Indian leader, Jacob Seeknout, appealed a ruling that under-mined his political authority. Seeknout's lawyer, Benjamin Hawes, crafted an argument that intertwined the sexual legitimacy of Seeknout's ancestors with his political legitimacy; at the same time, Hawes also linked Indians'collective chastity as a "nation" to their sovereign status. This paper examines the economic, religious, criminal, and historical contexts of this argument, exploring the history of Indians'conjugal practices and their reinvention as the criminal acts of fornication. The case illustrates some of the diverse sources of early American law, links between these legal structures and colonialism, and the importance for scholars of attending to the local level in exploring the power of colonial law to shape new racial identities.     

关于我国和谐政治关系构建的理性思考

我国社会主义初级阶段人民内部矛盾的非对抗性,决定了当前我国政治关系整体上的和谐性,但某些方面也存在不和谐问题。分析当前我国政治关系若干不和谐现象产生根源,主要有经济利益关系失衡,民主制度不完善,封建残余思想的影响等。要通过创新和谐政治理念,调节利益关系,推进民主政治建设等举措,努力构建我国社会和谐政治关系。     

Use of the MMPI-2 to predict the employment continuation and performance ratings of recently hired police officers

The MMPI-2 is one of the most frequently employed instruments for the selection of police officers. Serafino and Serafino (1997) collected data which involved information about employment continuation and ratings by supervisors of 32 police officers who had recently been hired and who had been given the MMPI-2 during the hiring process. In this study, the Paranoia Obvious (Pa) and Paranoia Subtle (Ps) scales proved to be the significant. Pa Subtle correlated with removal whereas Pa Obvious correlated with rating. Higher scores on Pa Subtle correlated significantly with being removed from the job, whereas low scores on the Pa Obvious correlated with higher ratings of performance by supervisors. Discussion of the results involved the fact that Subtle Pa scores would suggest paranoid tendencies not easily detected during the interview. Since most high Pa Obvious individuals would have been eliminated in the hiring process, expression of this tendency was at a low level after being hired but if present resulted in low ratings. Significant predictors were noted to be very much a function of the type of criterion variable employed in the study.     

论涉外侵权法律适用法的价值目标及实现路径

涉外侵权法律适用法除追随实体法价值目标以外,还应遵循冲突正义与实质正义平衡、法律选择灵活性与公正性兼备等固有的价值目标。我国在涉外侵权法律适用法立法上,应当借鉴国际社会的先进做法,在侵权行为地法原则的基础上,引入最密切联系原则和当事人协议选择法院地法原则,吸收有利于受害人的原则,区分一般侵权行为和特殊侵权行为的法律适用,在特定事项上重叠适用法院地法,设计我国现代完备的侵权法律适用规范,以实现侵权实体法和冲突法的价值目标。     

社会保障城乡一体化的"立法"路径分析

特定历史条件下形成的城乡二元社会保障体制已经成为制约我国经济及社会和谐发展的瓶颈，突破这一瓶颈势在必行。纵观社会保障制度完善之国家，无不立法先行。在我国，制定一体化的社会保障法是逐渐消除二元结构社会保障体制的理性选择。在制定我国城乡“一元化”的社会保障法过程中，应始终贯穿“统筹”思想，确立适合我国国情的社会保障法原则和价值理念，正确处理好社会保障法的本土化与国际化关系。     

Assessing child maltreatment risk in the recently divorced parent-child relationship

Reports of single-parent-child relationships characterized by child maltreatment have increased in recent years. The present paper discusses Belsky's child maltreatment/parenting model concerning parenting and the etiology of this problem. The model may serve as a source of conceptual unification of this risk in single-parent homes. It is proposed that the model also may have heuristic value in identifying highest risk single-parent families who warrant intervention.