Correction to: Age Patterns in Risk Taking Across the World

Journal of Youth and Adolescence - In the original publication, the legends for Figs 4 and 5 were incorrect, such that each regression line was mislabeled with the incorrect country. Below are the...     

Cortisol Stress Response Variability in Early Adolescence: Attachment,Affect and Sex

Attachment, affect, and sex shape responsivity to psychosocial stress. Concurrent social contexts influence cortisol secretion, a stress hormone and biological marker of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity. Patterns of attachment, emotion status, and sex were hypothesized to relate to bifurcated, that is, accentuated and attenuated, cortisol reactivity. The theoretical framework for this study posits that multiple individual differences mediate a cortisol stress response. The effects of two psychosocial stress interventions, a modified Trier Social Stress Test for Teens and the Frustration Social Stressor for Adolescents were developed and investigated with early adolescents. Both of these protocols induced a significant stress reaction and evoked predicted bifurcation in cortisol responses; an increase or decrease from baseline to reactivity. In Study I, 120 predominantly middle-class, Euro-Canadian early adolescents with a mean age of 13.43 years were studied. The girls’ attenuated cortisol reactivity to the public performance stressor related significantly to their self-reported lower maternal-attachment and higher trait-anger. In Study II, a community sample of 146 predominantly Euro-Canadian middle-class youth, with an average age of 14.5 years participated. Their self-reports of higher trait-anger and trait-anxiety, and lower parental attachment by both sexes related differentially to accentuated and attenuated cortisol reactivity to the frustration stressor. Thus, attachment, affect, sex, and the stressor contextual factors were associated with the adrenal-cortical responses of these adolescents through complex interactions. Further studies of individual differences in physiological responses to stress are called for in order to clarify the identities of concurrent protective and risk factors in the psychosocial stress and physiological stress responses of early adolescents.     

Use of the MMPI-2 and the Inwald personality inventory to identify the personality characteristics of dropouts from a state police academy

The MMPI-2 and the Inwald Personality Inventory were employed to investigate the personality characteristics of dropouts from a state police academy. A traditional model of training borrowed from military models was used at the academy rather than a police generated model. Sensitive and independent individuals, more compatible with modern community policing methods may have rejected police work as a result of the experience. 15 academy completers and 9 dropouts were used in the sample. Analyses of the scales of the MMPI-2 and the Inwald Personality Inventory identified variables upon which the two groups differed. The hypothesis that more sensitive, empathic and independent individuals were leaving the academy appeared to be supported.     

非法行医案件的特点与检案方法探讨(附8例分析)

新刑法第336条界定了非法行医罪,该罪可判处罚金至10年以上有期徒刑,属于刑事案件.其中严重损害就诊人身体健康或造成就诊人死亡的非法行医案件的检验成为了公安机关法医业务的新内容.此类案例鲜有报导,本文通过8例非法行医案件的总结分析,探讨该类案件的特点与检案处理方法.     

“中国罪犯DNA数据库“模式库:13个STR位点基因在中国人群中的分布

目的:对D3S1358、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D21S11、D18S51、D5S818、D13S317、D16S539、THO1、TPOX、CSF1PO、D7S820等13个STR位点进行多态性调查,探索其用于"罪犯DNA数据库"的可行性.方法:用多重PCR和四色荧光自动化检测技术分析13个STR位点的基因型,计算各位点等位基因的分布频率.结果:获得13个STR位点在中国南北汉族、维吾尔族、回族人群中的等位基因分布频率资料.结论:上述位点适合作为中国人群的遗传学标志,用于"中国罪犯DNA数据库"的建立.     

"有漏皆苦",荷苦前行--鲁迅、柳宗元与佛文化关系比较之三(上篇)

鲁迅、柳宗元爱好佛文化,他们研究佛文化的目的,一个为了“改造国民性”,一个为了“统合儒释”。“人生即苦”、“有漏皆苦”,既是佛教的基本教义,也是佛文化的重要特征。佛文化坚毅冷沉的宗教作风和苦修苦行的生活态度,都在鲁迅、柳宗元的身上留下了深深的烙印,并放射出夺目的人格光辉。他们一生都在肩荷人间的痛苦,挣扎迈步,奋勇前行。通过比较不难发现,鲁迅所受的人生之苦,是为民族而受“苦”。而柳宗元所受的人生之苦,固然有为国家、为人民群众着想的成份,但比较多的关注着个人的名誉、地位、家庭等,这是时代、阶级局限的必然结果。     

"有漏皆苦",荷苦前行--鲁迅、柳宗元与佛文化关系比较之三(下篇)

鲁迅、柳宗元爱好佛文化,他们研究佛文化的目的,一个为了“改造国民性”,一个为了“统合儒释”。“人生即苦”、“有漏皆苦”,既是佛教的基本教义,也是佛文化的重要特征。佛文化坚毅冷沉的宗教作风和苦修苦行的生活态度,都在鲁迅、柳宗元的身上留下了深深的烙印,并放射出夺目的人格光辉。他们一生都在肩荷人间的痛苦,挣扎迈步,奋勇前行。通过比较不难发现,鲁迅的“失望之苦”,是为民族而受“苦”。而柳宗元的“失望之苦”,固然有为国家、为人民群众着想的成份,但比较多的关注着个人的名誉、地位、家庭等,这是时代、阶级局限的必然结果。     

刑法修正案（七）第八条的司法适用

《刑法修正案（七）》第8条所确定的罪名应概括为组织未成年人进行违反治安管理活动罪。在司法实践中,应对本罪的犯罪主体、主观故意、组织行为、违反治安管理活动的含义和犯罪客体进行理解和把握。通过本罪的适用,还可以发现刑法在维护社会治安管理秩序上存在某些不足。     

区域经济发展中的地方政府创新

地方政府的创新对于促进区域经济的全面发展具有重要作用.因此,地方政府在区域经济发展中的角色需要进行正确的定位,即在遵守市场规律的前提下进行不断创新,为区域经济的发展提供更好的服务,从而促进区域经济的跨越发展.     

国外植物新品种保护的立法研究及借鉴——从立法模式及具体问题出发

植物新品种作为知识产权的一种保护形式,正越来越受到关注,各国都在探讨更为行之有效的植物新品种保护方式.本文将从国外植物新品种保护的立法模式出发,分析其主要内容及对我国植物新品种保护立法模式的借鉴,并进一步探讨各国相关立法对完善我国植物新品种保护的具体问题及其启示.