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81.
Phil Handler Dr lecturer in Law 《The Journal of legal history》2013,34(3):249-268
This article revisits a crucial episode in the early nineteenth century criminal law reform debate: the appointment and report of the 1819 House of Commons select committee on capital punishment. This committee, which helped shape the reforms of the 1820s and 1830s, has traditionally been interpreted as the result of the campaign for penal reform in parliament over the preceding decade. This article argues that its origins and significance can only be understood by reference to the political circumstances of 1819 and the scandal surrounding the crime of forgery. This contextualized reading suggests new ways of approaching and understanding the early nineteenth century penal reform discourse. 相似文献
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Development of Rapid and Economical Colorimetric Screening Method for p‐Phenylenediamine in Variety of Biological Matrices and its Application to Eleven Fatal Cases of p‐Phenylenediamine Poisoning 下载免费PDF全文
Muhammad Imran M.Phil. Hafiz Faisal Usman M.S. Humera Shafi M.Phil. Muhammad Sarwar Ph.D. Muhammad Ashraf Tahir Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):483-487
A rapid colorimetric method for detection of p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) in various biological samples is developed. The o‐cresol test for acetaminophen detection has been modified to detect PPD in blood, urine, gastric contents, and liver. After precipitating protein with trichloroacetic acid solution (2 mL, 10% w/v), biological specimens were required to convert PPD metabolites to PPD by acid hydrolysis. Finally, o‐cresol solution (1 mL, 1% w/v), hydrogen peroxide (200 μL, 3%v/v), and concentrated ammonium hydroxide (0.5 mL) were added in the biological samples. The presence of PPD was indicated by formation of violet color which was turned to bluish green color within 10–15 min. The limit of detection was found to be 2 mg/L in blood, urine, and gastric contents and 2 mg/Kg in liver. This method is also free from any potential interference by p‐aminophenol, acetaminophen, and other amine drugs under test conditions. This method was successfully employed to thirteen fatal cases of PPD poisoning. 相似文献
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The Reliability of Swipe/Wipe Classification and Directionality Determination Methods in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 下载免费PDF全文
Sita K.Y. Yuen M.Sc. Michael C. Taylor D.Phil. Glynn Owens D.Phil. Douglas A. Elliot D.Phil. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(4):1037-1042
Swipe and wipe are types of transfer patterns commonly encountered at bloodied scenes. So far, there have been little published data on the reliability of evaluating these patterns. In this study, 36 bloodstain patterns were randomly assigned to 12 analysts in three separate trials, and the analysts were required to evaluate the pattern type and directionality. The results revealed that correct classifications of patterns type were problematic, with an overall error rate of 32%. Wipes created from wet bloodstains were the most difficult to identify due to the absence of signs of alteration. The directionality of swipes made with a gloved finger had a 100% success rate; however, for swipes made with cloth, the analysts mistook the direction in nearly every case, which is of significant concern, considering these are common patterns at crime scenes. This study suggested there is a need for revising the current protocols for interpretation of these pattern types. 相似文献
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Siddhartha Das M.B.B.S. M.D. Abdoul Hamide M.B.B.S. M.D. Bhawana Badhe M.B.B.S. M.D. Muthusamy Ravichandran M.Sc. M.Phil. Abilash Srinivasa Murthy M.B.B.S. M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(3):786-790
Yellow phosphorous (YP) is the toxic form of elemental phosphorous and the chief constituent of firecrackers and rodenticides. In India, the rodenticide paste is frequently used for the suicidal purpose. This study is an autopsy‐based observational study which describes the histopathological features of heart, lungs, liver, and kidney of fatal cases of YP poisoning. The most common autopsy features in the viscera were congestion and petechial hemorrhage. The liver histopathology findings were microvesicular steatosis (68%), hepatic necrosis (62%), macrovesicular steatosis (50%), inflammatory cells (46%), sinusoidal congestion (40%), cholestasis (32%), and toxic hepatitis (18%). Hepatic necrosis ranged from being focal to centrizonal in distribution. Congestion was the most common feature observed in the lungs and the kidney. This is the largest autopsy‐based study on YP poisoning till date. The histopathological features of liver were consistent with YP poisoning whereas the findings of heart, lungs, and kidney were nonspecific in nature. 相似文献
86.
Abstract: Collection and interpretation of forensic intelligence (primarily through DNA and fingerprint identifications) is an integral part of the investigation of criminal offenses ranging from burglary and vehicle crime to major crime. The forensic contribution depends not only on the successful recovery of material, but also the ability to identify potential offenders and apply this intelligence to solve the crime. This study examines burglary and vehicle crimes investigated by Northamptonshire Police (U.K.) by analyzing relationships between deprivation of a crime location and the recovery and identification of DNA and fingerprint material. The results show that, for stolen vehicles, although significantly more forensic material (both DNA and fingerprints) is recovered and identified in more deprived neighborhoods, this does not lead to a corresponding increase in solved cases. These findings are considered in relation to previous studies, which have advocated the prioritization of resources at crime scenes most likely to yield forensic material. 相似文献
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