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Ryan Grauer 《安全研究》2014,23(3):622-655
Surrender, or capitulation to the adversary in combat, can have a significant impact on the duration, intensity, and outcomes of battles and wars. Yet the reasons why soldiers choose to capitulate are not well understood. This article advances a new theory of surrender that argues soldiers are most likely to surrender when they perceive proximate environmental signals leading them to expect humane treatment and a relatively short period of captivity and least likely to give up when those signals lead them to expect abusive treatment and lengthy imprisonment. The model is tested through a detailed examination of surrender rates in World War I and findings indicate that it explains more of the observed variation than do existing theories of capitulation. What little systematic data exists on surrenders during twentieth century interstate wars corroborates these findings. Implications for scholars and policymakers are briefly considered. 相似文献
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Mark David Ryan 《Journal of Australian Studies》2017,41(4):518-535
Since the mid-1970s, the subject Australian Cinema, and its various synonyms and neologisms, has been studied in humanities, social sciences and the arts in Australian higher education, and research in the field has played an important role in informing the critical approaches underpinning curriculum. Yet to date there is limited insight into the types of subjects offered, approaches to curriculum and syllabus, and their alignment with research. This article maps Australian cinema studies in higher education at an undergraduate level, and provides insight into common curriculum and syllabus models. Findings are drawn from an online survey of university course handbooks, content and thematic analysis of study guides and weekly syllabus, and correspondence with coordinators. Twenty-seven universities offered subjects with a dominant Australian cinema focus. Australian cinema studies is firmly embedded in national cinema curriculum, and three common curriculum models include the following: (1) a historical chronology of Australian cinema, (2) a text-dominant approach organised around the weekly study of a key film and (3) an approach predominately structured around Australian cinema discourses and critical theory. Despite the increasing importance of transnational approaches to Australian screen in research, transnationalism rarely functions as a dominant organising logic for curriculum in its own right. 相似文献
178.
The Creative Industries Concept: Stakeholder Reflections on Its Relevance and Potential in Australia
Ryan Daniel 《Journal of Australian Studies》2017,41(2):252-266
The creative industries concept or term continues to attract attention in both developed and developing economies worldwide. However, it is not universally applied, with other terms such as cultural industries, arts and culture, copyright industries, or the experience economy used in various global locations. There is also ongoing debate and critique in relation to the creative industries concept, given that it emphasises employment and wealth creation and gathers together a range of disparate disciplines. This article explores these issues via interviews with twenty-two key leaders representing fifteen different industry organisations, advocacy groups, and government funding bodies in the Australian creative industries sector. The findings reveal only a moderate level of understanding and application of the creative industries concept, with a range of views on its relevance and utility for those working in the sector. In addition, the findings propose that there is significant potential and need for the sector to work towards a stronger advocacy position and profile within the broader economy. However, this represents a major challenge for the creative industries sector, given the existing vertical and horizontal power structures within this complex and diverse area of the economy. 相似文献
179.
Andreas Weiß 《Berliner Journal für Soziologie》2008,18(4):663-677
Ohne Zusammenfassung
Andreas Wei? geb. 1978. Magister Artium, Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am SFB 640 Repr?sentationen sozialer Ordnungen im Wandel, Teilprojekt A5 Transnationale ?ffentlichkeiten und Repr?sentationen im Vergleich: Europa, arabische Welt, Russland, 1850er–1910er Jahre und 1990er Jahre der Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin. Forschungsschwerpunkte: Europa des 19./20. Jahrhunderts, Beziehungsgeschichte zwischen Europa und der au?ereurop?ischen Welt mit Schwerpunkt Asien. 相似文献
Andreas Wei?Email: |
Andreas Wei? geb. 1978. Magister Artium, Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am SFB 640 Repr?sentationen sozialer Ordnungen im Wandel, Teilprojekt A5 Transnationale ?ffentlichkeiten und Repr?sentationen im Vergleich: Europa, arabische Welt, Russland, 1850er–1910er Jahre und 1990er Jahre der Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin. Forschungsschwerpunkte: Europa des 19./20. Jahrhunderts, Beziehungsgeschichte zwischen Europa und der au?ereurop?ischen Welt mit Schwerpunkt Asien. 相似文献
180.
Hildegard Theobald 《Berliner Journal für Soziologie》2008,18(2):257-281
Social and demographic changes in western societies have led to a (re-)definition of social rights related to care-dependency and the introduction of further regulations of formal and informal care delivery. Care has increasingly become provided in the public sectors – the state, market and civic sector – and new types of cash benefits to support informal family care have been introduced. In this article, the concept of social care is used as a theoretical tool to analyse the relationship between the (re-)definition of social rights, the growth of a regular or grey care labour market and the related development of new forms of inequality according to socio-economic class and ethnicity in the female dominated area. The empirical comparison of the developments in Sweden, Germany and Italy reveals the dimensions of social rights – eligibility criteria, level and types of benefits – which are decisive for the growth of a regular and grey care labour market and the intersection of different forms of inequality. 相似文献