论均势战略

均势战略是近代才真正出现的战略理论和战略实践.西方战略学界有一种把均势作为维护和平的最佳方法的倾向,主张通过自助、结盟、地缘均衡、军备扩张甚至诉渚战争来建立与维护大国间的均势.信息的不完全性、决策的主观性和力量系统的复杂性,大国争霸的本质和强权政治的逻辑,是西方均势战略的主要不足.建立反对霸权主义、维护世界和平的新型均势战略,是我国战略学界的一项重要任务.     

刑讯逼供主观成因和控制刑讯逼供心理学对策

心理学理论和方法是分析刑讯逼供成因和控制对策的重要工具之一。刑讯逼供在心理学视野中的成因主要包括:归因偏差、冲突情境、学习模仿、人格缺陷和角色冲突等五个方面。刑讯逼供这一侵犯性人格特质是先天和后天习得两者相互作用的结果。结合后天与刑讯逼供动机形成之间的紧密关联性,控制刑讯逼供可以确保和运用提高侦查讯问工作专业化程度、树立依法讯问楷模、严格查处和惩罚刑讯逼供行为人、加强法律教育和讯问业务技能培训等心理学对策。     

刑事拘留条件质疑

刑事拘留是公安机关、人民检察院在刑事诉讼中经常采用的一种剥夺人身自由的审前羁押措施 ,其条件、程序和期限都应该有严格的法律限制。我国现行刑事诉讼法规定的刑事拘留 ,存在条件上的不合理性 ,成为了对任何犯罪嫌疑人都可适用的强制措施 ,导致刑事拘留在实践中的大量滥用。应进一步修改以完善刑事拘留条件。     

A Report On Reporting: Why Peers Report Integrity and Law Violations in Public Organizations

The archives of three bureaus of integrity are analyzed in order to study the reasons for reporting integrity and law violations within public organizations. Peer reporting accounts for only a small percentage of cases; most investigations originate from routine and continuous institutional controls. What are the reasons peers choose to report or not report? A sense of justice is most important, followed by self‐protection and protection of the wrongdoer. The most important reason against coming forward is the reporter’s fear of negative consequences. One surprising rationale for not reporting is that an individual feels responsible for the wrongdoer’s punishment. Six propositions are elicited from this research as well as specific pragmatic recommendations for management procedures to improve reporting of integrity and/or law violations.     

城市青少年消费行为与品牌消费心理调研报告

在这个重视消费的时代,勤俭节约作为优良传统仍然得到大多数青少年的肯定。但他们同时主张“在节约的前提下,追求舒适、时尚和流行”;经济发展程度、地域和教育背景的差异使城市青少年的消费形态和消费心理也有区别;城市青少年注重品质消费、自主消费意识强、目标性消费突出,受广告影响大,品牌消费意识呈上升趋势;运动鞋消费在城市青少年消费习惯和消费心理中具有极高的指标性。     

Sexual Abuse, Trauma and Dementia in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study of 284 Cases

The study objective was to compare elders with a dementia with those without a dementia as to method of disclosure of sexual abuse, forensic markers of sexual abuse and legal outcome of cases. A convenience sample was obtained of 284 forensic cases known to a multidisciplinary group of professionals who investigated, examined or consulted on elder sexual abuse victims. The Comprehensive Sexual Assault Assessment (CSAAT) was used to enter data from case files. 60 percent of the 284 elders were diagnosed with some degree of dementia. Elders with dementia, compared to those without a diagnosis, were abused more often by persons known to them (family member, caregiver or another nursing home resident) than a stranger, presented behavior cues of distress rather than verbal disclosures, were easily confused and verbally manipulated, and were beaten. Suspects who were identified whom abused elders with dementia had less chance of being arrested, indicted or plea bargained. All reported suspected cases of elder sexual abuse need a complete physical examination as well as a sexual assault evidence kit. Patterns of verbal, behavioral or physical changes of elders can be used to support an allegation of sexual assault.     

A more efficient extraction method of human bone resulting in improved DNA profiling

Eight human bone samples, from a forensic case, were extracted in parallel using our standard protocol with and without PTB in the buffer. Both methods were sometimes inadequate for (complete) STR profiling, while the presence of PTB even decreases the DNA yield.The complete decalcification of the bone extraction residues in an EDTA-solution with SDS recovered sufficient amounts of DNA, which resulted in complete STR profiling for all samples. Complete decalcification without SDS yielded even higher amounts of DNA and also complete STR profiling for all samples.Similar results were obtained for the DNA extraction from a human tooth.