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981.
Peter G. Brown 《Journal of policy analysis and management》1986,6(1):56-68
Graduate programs in public policy offer a variety of ethics courses focusing on framework theories, topical applications, and duties of office. Brown gives four reasons for making these types of courses an integral part of education for public service: they provide a common civic vocabulary; they give an essential perspective on analytical techniques; they challenge students' own presuppositions about public policy; and they help distinguish between empirical and conceptual issues. He argues that the growing emphasis in the policy programs on public management further enhances the importance of education in ethics, and that the current dearth of such courses in some programs seriously impedes their graduates. 相似文献
982.
983.
G. VAN DER REE 《Bulletin of Latin American research》2010,29(2):208-223
National identities play a significant role in Latin American international relations. They affect the ways in which policy‐makers view themselves and others, as well as influencing the ways in which their policies are ‘received’ abroad. In this way, identities create opportunities and constraints for foreign policy‐making, framing the relations between Latin American countries. The author argues that, since 1990, three main patterns of Chilean identity recently affected the country's relations with its northern neighbours Bolivia and Peru: a ‘neoliberal identity’, a ‘legalistic identity’ and a ‘progressive identity’. These three patterns of identity have created opportunities for cooperation as well as causes for conflict. 相似文献
984.
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987.
The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. Key points
1. Introduction
The Asian and Russian financial crises in 1998 and the Argentineeconomic crisis of 2001 and the claims brought against some. . . [Full Text of this Article]
2. Development of international law on capital transfers
3. Analysis of capital transfer restrictions under modern investment treaties
Main approaches on capital transfers under investment treaties Application of the doctrine of necessity under international law to capital transfer measures Capital transfer restriction measures and indirect expropriation Other investment obligations, in particular fair and equitable treatment Transparency and the protection of legitimate expectations Freedom from coercion and harassment Procedural propriety Protection against arbitrariness: discrimination and national treatment Good faith
4. Remedies and compensation
5. Conclusion
相似文献
- Capital liberalization was the norm of internationaleconomic relations until the Economic Depression of the 1930swhen exchange restrictions became an important instrument ofeconomic policy of many countries.
- The IMF Articles of Agreementwere the outcome of efforts by several countries to providean acceptable international legal framework that would minimizethe negative impact of exchange restrictions while at the sametime preserving the right of Member States to impose exchangerestrictions when faced with balance-of-payment problems.
- Thatposition is to a large extent maintained by most modern investmenttreaties although subject to heightened scrutiny by internationalarbitral tribunals under the disciplines of expropriation, nationaltreatment and fair and equitable treatment standards among othersin order to protect investors interests whilst safeguardinghost states, regulatory autonomy.
988.
989.
990.
Despite the burdens that students and institutions assume when underwriting educational careers, very little is known about
completion rates, risk factors, and successful strategies of criminology/criminal justice (CCJ) graduate programs. Consequently,
the present study tracks 287 master’s and 70 doctoral students who entered the Florida State University CCJ program during
the 1991–2000 academic years. Almost two-thirds of this cohort earned an advanced degree. Younger students with higher GRE
scores were more likely to complete the master’s program. Successful doctoral degree recipients tended to have lower GRE scores,
be non-White, and earn their master’s degrees in-house. In terms of time-to-degree, it took over two years to earn an M.A.
and slightly more than six years to negotiate the Ph.D. Implications are explored for the program, the university, and the
discipline. 相似文献