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231.
232.
Peter Evans 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》2002,37(2):54-60
Conclusion Sen showed his usual wisdom and astute judgement in keeping his argument carefully focused and, therefore, elegant and compelling.
Nonetheless, the understanding and pursuit of “development as freedom” must go beyond the arguments he lays out. As the global
political economy moves with ever greater determination toward the implantation of more thoroughly marketized economic relations,
analysts must correspondingly focus more closely on how to prevent market-based power inequalities from undermining “development
as freedom.” Centralization of power over the cultural flows that shape preferences is a more subtle form of “unfreedom” than
those which Sen highlights, but no less powerful for being subtle. Institutional strategies for facilitating collective capabilities
are as important to the expansion of freedom as sustaining formal electoral institutions. Indeed, without possibilities for
collective mobilization formal elections too easily become a hollow farce. Sen’s capability approach provides an invaluable
analytical and philosophical foundation for those interested in pursuing development as freedom, but it is a foundation that
must be built on, not just admired.
Peter Evans is professor in the Sociology Department at the University of California, Berkeley. His current research interests
focus on globalization and global governance institutions, and their effects on ordinary citizens. He has written numerous
articles and books on subjects ranging from globalization, the role of the state in industrial development, and urban environmental
issues. A current project supported by the Russell Sage Foundation examines possibilities for constructing North-South links
between labor movements as a strategy for increasing the bargaining power of labor movements in the global South. 相似文献
233.
234.
Christopher L. Ringwalt Dorothy C. Browne Lee B. Rosenbloom Gloria Ann Evans Jonathan B. Kotch 《Journal of family violence》1989,4(4):339-351
This study explores the relationship between mothers' approval of corporal punishment and the degree to which they themselves were subjected to violence as children. Considered as additional contributing factors are: (1) whether the mothers as children were punished by their own parents, (2) whether they perceived such punishment as unfair, and (3) the degree of parental nurture they experienced as children. The sample consisted of 330 new mothers whose mother and father both lived in the home when they were 14 years of age. Respondents were interviewed at home one to two months following their infants' discharge from the hospital. After controlling for race and income, no relationship was found between approval of corporal punishment and the violence to which mothers were subjected as children. However, significant associations were found between such approval and: (1) whether mothers were punished by their parents, and (2) maternal (but not paternal) nurture. Perceptions that parental punishment was unfair failed to contribute to such approval. Altogether, parental factors in mothers' childhoods, excluding race and income, accounted for 8.9% of the variance in approval of corporal punishment. 相似文献
235.
A significant proportion of survivors of rape do not utilize formal services to cope with the aftermath of rape. Understanding victimization experiences in environments that differ on resources, such as rural versus urban areas, may be an important dimension to consider in understanding barriers. Thirty women (18 rural and 12 urban) were recruited from rape crisis centers to participate in focus groups. Study results suggest that (a) survivors of rape experience many barriers to service utilization, (b) there were some differences in barriers to service utilization that were mentioned only in rural areas and some that were mentioned only in urban areas that may suggest that community context is important to consider in understanding barriers to service use, and (c) barriers to health and mental health services overlap with barriers to criminal justice system services. 相似文献
236.
R G Evans 《Journal of health politics, policy and law》1985,10(3):439-467
Discretionary power is commonly defended by denial of its existence, the allegation of inevitability. Objective external conditions and forces are claimed to dictate policy decisions with tangible distributional effects. In health policy, such forces include the aging of the population, the extension of technology, and the demands of ethical standards. Taken together, these forces create relentless upward pressure on costs, to levels which society "cannot afford," necessitating sacrifice of the interests of the "less eligible." Yet quantitative analysis of these forces does not sustain the argument; in each case the source of cost escalation is not external pressure but the way in which the health care system itself reacts. Less costly and equally effective options are demonstrably available, but would threaten provider interests and broader ideologies. A spurious cloak of inevitability serves to promote and justify political choices. 相似文献
237.
238.
Elizabeth Evans B.S. Carolina Costrino B.S. Claudimir L. do Lago Ph.D. Carlos D. Garcia Ph.D. Claude Roux Ph.D. Lucas Blanes Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(6):1610-1614
A portable capillary electrophoresis instrument with dual capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) was used to determine the inorganic ionic profiles of three pharmaceutical samples and precursors of two illicit drugs (contemporary samples of methylone and para‐methoxymethamphetamine). The LODs ranged from 0.10 μmol/L to 1.25 μmol/L for the 10 selected cations, and from 0.13 μmol/L to 1.03 μmol/L for the eight selected anions. All separations were performed in less than 6 min with migration times and peak area RSD values ranging from 2 to 7%. The results demonstrate the potential of the analysis of inorganic ionic species to aid in the identification and/or differentiation of unknown tablets, and real samples found in illicit drug manufacture scenarios. From the resulting ionic fingerprint, the unknown tablets and samples can be further classified. 相似文献
239.
South Florida is experiencing an affordable rental crisis that is especially burdensome on those most vulnerable in society, low-income households. Rapid urbanization has resulted in inequitable land-use patterns that are a barrier to housing for the poor. As a solution to the crisis, local housing agencies seek to expand their affordable housing stock for vulnerable renters in opportunity-rich neighborhoods, but there is no standard framework for identifying properties for acquisition. Broward County serves as a case study to develop a housing acquisition tool. Using a combination of spatial statistics and principal components analysis, neighborhoods in which housing agencies may consider acquiring property are identified through the creation of an affordability surface in ArcGIS. Affordability is overlain by an opportunity surface derived from neighborhood quality and accessibility rankings. The results identify neighborhoods in Broward County that are both affordable and opportunity-rich, to better serve the county's most vulnerable renters. 相似文献
240.
Elizabeth Baldwin Camille Washington‐Ottombre Jampel Dell'Angelo Daniel Cole Tom Evans 《管理》2016,29(2):207-225
In Kenya, as in many developing countries, centralized control over water resources was implemented to improve agricultural productivity. By the 1980s, however, Kenya's postindependence policies of bureaucratic control were in disarray, and conflicts over water use were common. More recently, Kenya has embarked on a series of reforms that create a polycentric approach to water governance, in which decision making about water resources is shared among multiple, overlapping local, regional, and national authorities. Drawing on archival and field research, we examine these reforms in their historic context and argue that whereas centralized control was poorly adapted to the Kenyan context, polycentric governance is better suited to Kenya's variable social and ecological conditions and the available resources of its administrative agencies. 相似文献