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41.
Policing Soviet Society: The Evolution of State Control 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Louise L Shelley 《Law & social inquiry》1990,15(3):479-520
The Soviet militsiia (regular police) has evolved in the past 70 years from a feeble body seeking to ensure the survival of Soviet rule to a massive bureaucracy corrupted by nearly absolute power. As the Soviet militia has developed the focus of its activities, its ethos, professionalism, and its relationship to both the Party and KGB have changed in all periods, the militia has had political, economic, and social responsibilities, but the balance among the three has wed depending on the conditions of the state.
The militia, like the Soviet state, is currently in crisis. It remains an instrument of the party that is losing its legitimacy among the population. Perestroika's objective of making institutions subordinate to the law is a sharp deviation from existing practice. But even if the militsiia responds to these new expectations, because of the demands of a centrally planned socialist state the regular police will remain we intrusive into the lives of the citizenry than are police in Western democratic societies. 相似文献
The militia, like the Soviet state, is currently in crisis. It remains an instrument of the party that is losing its legitimacy among the population. Perestroika's objective of making institutions subordinate to the law is a sharp deviation from existing practice. But even if the militsiia responds to these new expectations, because of the demands of a centrally planned socialist state the regular police will remain we intrusive into the lives of the citizenry than are police in Western democratic societies. 相似文献
42.
Sylvie Naar-King Louise Silvern Victor Ryan Deborah Sebring 《Journal of family violence》2002,17(2):133-149
There has been little previous research about histories of child maltreatment and psychological symptoms in adolescent psychiatric patients. This study investigated whether type and characteristics of child physical and/or sexual abuse predicted individual differences in symptoms. Participants were 187 patients in day or residential treatment facilities. Abuse was assessed using structured interviews with the adolescent, the therapist, and the caseworker. Participants completed a standardized, self-report measure of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Adolescents with histories of dual abuse (i.e., sexual and physical abuse) had elevated depression and anxiety compared with nonabused patients. Histories of any type of abuse were associated with elevated posttraumatic symptoms. Among physically abused patients, severity and duration of abuse predicted individual differences in depression and anxiety, whereas severity and concomitant sexual abuse predicted elevated posttraumatic symptoms. Among sexually abused patients, the characteristics of sexual abuse did not predict individual differences in symptoms. Thus, child abuse, particularly dual abuse and severe physical abuse, predicted elevated internalizing symptoms, even in comparison with other adolescent psychiatric patients. The need for replication is discussed. 相似文献
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Louise G. White 《公共行政管理与发展》1986,6(3):239-253
There is an increasing interest in using local community organizations to assist in the development process. Observers who evaluate the contribution of such groups frequently classify them into two clusters: those which are closely tied to the government and focus on service delivery, and those which guard their autonomy and engage in development rather than service delivery. This dichotomy, however, downplays the developmental role of groups allied with local governments and obscures some important contributions they can offer. Three different models are proposed and two case studies of service-oriented groups in Cairo are presented. The cases suggest that an important criterion in assessing voluntary groups is the extent to which their service delivery role enables them to develop an organization. From this perspective their role is potentially much broader than expediting government services. 相似文献
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Louise Quesnel-Ouellet 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》1973,16(3):432-446
Sommaire. Les relations inter-municipales, à l'intérieur d;une région métropolitaine, sont abordées dam cet article sous l'angle de la coopération qu'elles impliquent. L'auteur fait un tour d'horizon des principaux concepts qui sont utilisés dans l'étude de la coopération et de l'intégration, à l'aide des nombreux travaux publiées sur le sujet. Après avoir défini l'intégration, l'auteur précise les différentes modalités d'intégration, ainsi que les conditions favorables et les avantages de l'intégration au niveau municipal. Abstract. This article focuses on the relationship between municipalities within a regional area, from the point of view of the cooperation they imply. The author reviews the major concepts utilized in the study of cooperation and integration, using research material already published. The concept of integration is defined in the first part, followed by a review of the different modalities of integration and of the conditions to and advantages of integration at the municipal level. 相似文献
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Louise Chappell 《Australian Journal of Public Administration》2001,60(1):59-69
This paper challenges long standing critiques of federalism that suggest it stymies the development of progressive social policies. Through a case study of national domestic violence policies in Australia, this paper argues that not only can the curses of federalism – especially conservatism, duplication and overlap – be surmounted, but even more positively, under the right condition, federalism can enhance opportunities for the development of progressive social policy. While the Howard government has adopted a conservative approach to domestic violence, federal structures have made it possible to maintain an alternative discourse at the state level. Moreover, national policy coordination machinery has opened the path for policy learning and innovation between governments in this social policy area. 相似文献
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