教育发展与经济增长的相关性分析--以云南省为例

教育与经济增长相互影响、相互依赖。教育投资水平与经济增长的快慢也息息相关。从统计角度研究教育投入、人口文化素质与经济增长的相关关系 ,可以发现 :云南省教育投资比经济发展滞后 ,而人口文化素质、知识发展水平和教育发展水平都是经济增长的重要制约因素。所以教育投资力度要加大 ,教育必须先行 ,这是提高经济质量的关键     

B. Reviews: general

THE FATIMID VIZIERATE 969–1172. By LEILA AL‐IMAD. Berlin, Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1990. viii, 229pp.

SEMINAR FÜR ARABISTIK UND ISLAM WISSENSCHAFT, WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS UNIV. MÜNSTER

MAPAS, PLANOS Y FORTIFICACIONES HISPANICOS DE TUNEZ (S. XVI‐XIX)/ CARTES, PLANS ET FORTIFICATIONS HISPANIQUES DE LA TUNISIE (XVIe‐XIXe S.). By JUAN Bta. VILAR. 488pp. Text in Spanish; Table of Contents, Preface and Introduction in Spanish and French. Madrid, Instituto de Cooperacion con el Mundo Arabe, 1991. Ca. ptas. 7.000.‐.

SEPHARDI ENTREPRENEURS IN ERETZ ISRAEL: THE AMZALAK FAMILY 1816–1918. By JOSEPH B. GLASS and RUTH KARK. Jerusalem, Magnes Press, 1991. 202pp. $20 (hb).

JEWISH LIFE IN MUSLIM LIBYA: RIVALS AND RELATIVES. By HARVEY E. GOLDBERG. Chicago & London, University of Chicago Press, 1990. 181pp.

FRENCH JEWS, TURKISH JEWS: THE ALLIANCE ISRAELITE UNIVERSELLE AND THE POLITICS OF JEWISH SCHOOLING IN TURKEY, 1860–1925. By ARON RODRIGUE. Bloomingtom, Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 1990. 235pp.

KLÉBER EN ÉGYPTE: 1798–1800. Edited by HENRY LAURENS. (Voyageurs occidentaux en Egypte, 25.) Le Caire, Institut français d'archéologie orientale, 1988. 2 vols. Vol. 1, Kléber et Bonaparte: 1798–1799, viii, 342pp., map. Vol. 2, Kléber et Bonaparte: 1798–99 [sic]. 234pp., map, illustrations.

SADAT AND AFTER: STRUGGLES FOR EGYPT'S POLITICAL SOUL. By RAYMOND WILLIAM BAKER. London, Taurus, 1990. 365pp. £26.50.

EGYPT: MOULIDS, SAINTS, SUFIS. By NICOLAAS H. BIEGMAN. The Hague/London, Gary Schwartz/SDU, Kegan Paul International, 1990. 175pp.

SOCIAL WELFARE SERVICES FOR ISRAEL'S ARAB POPULATION. By AZIZ HAIDAR. (Westview Special Studies on the Middle East.) Boulder & Oxford, Westview Press, 1991.

THE SYRIAN INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON SINCE 1975. By REUVEN AVI‐RAN. Boulder and Oxford, Westview Press. 241pp. £19.95 (pb).

THE IRAQI REVOLUTION OF 1958: THE OLD SOCIAL CLASSES REVISITED. Ed. by ROBERT A. FERNEA AND WM. ROGER LOUIS. London/New York, I.B. Tauris, 1991. xxiv, 232pp.

LETTERS FROM TEHRAN: A BRITISH AMBASSADOR IN WORLD WAR II PERSIA. By READER BULLARD, edited by E.C. HODGKIN. London, I.B. Taurus, 1991. xiii, 301pp. £29.95.

AGRICULTURE, POVERTY AND LAND REFORM IN IRAN. By MOHAMMAD JAVAD AMID. London, Routledge, 1990. xii, 177pp. £30 (hb).

REVOLUTION AND ECONOMIC TRANSITION: THE IRANIAN EXPERIENCE. By HOOSHANG AMIRAHMADI. Albany, State University of New York Press, 1990. 420pp.

TURKEY AND THE MIDDLE EAST. By PHILIP ROBINS. London, Pinter for the Royal Institute of International Affairs. 134pp.

THE US‐TURKISH‐NATO MIDDLE EAST CONNECTION: HOW THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE AND TURKEY'S NATO ENTRY CONTAINED THE SOVIETS. By GEORGE McGHEE. Foreword by Lord Carrington. Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1990. xvii, 224pp. £40 (hb).

LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN TURKEY: GOVERNING GREATER ISTANBUL. Edited by METIN HEPER. London, Routledge, 1989. 92 pp.

CENTRE DE WULF‐MANSION, INSTITUT SUPÉRIEUR DE PHILOSOPHIE, UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN

MUSLIM‐CHRISTIAN ENCOUNTERS. By W. MONTGOMERY WATT. London & New York, Routledge, 1991. 164 pp.

ISLAM: THE FEAR AND THE HOPE. By HABIB BOULARÈS. London & New Jersey, Zed Books, 1990. xii, 144pp. £26.95 (hb); £8.95 (pb).

ISLAMIC LAW: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CONTEXTS. Edited by AZIZ AL‐AZMEH. London, Routledge, 1988. 277pp. £27.50.

MODERN LITERATURE IN THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST 1850–1970. Edited by ROBIN OSTLE. London, Routledge, 1991. ix, 248 pp.

A PERSIAN REQUIEM. By SIMIN DANESHVAR, translated by ROXANE ZAND. Peter Halban Publishers. 279pp. £13.95.

MINARET: SYMBOL OF ISLAM. By JONATHAN BLOOM. (Oxford Studies in Islamic Art, VII.) Oxford, OUP, 1989. 216 pp. £25.00.     

Reviews

Jaan Valsiner, Developmental Psychology in the Soviet Union. Brighton, UK: The Harvester Press, 1988, x + 398 pp., £35.00 h/b, £12.95 p/b.

Archie Brown, ed., Political Leadership in the Soviet Union, London: Macmillan, 1989, xi + 245 pp., £35.00 h/b, £14.99 p/b.

Susan L. Clark, ed., Gorbachev's Agenda: Changes in Soviet Domestic and Foreign Policy. Boulder: Westview Press, 1989, xviii + 422 pp., $35.95 p/b.

David Wedgwood Benn, Persuasion and Soviet Politics. London: Basil Blackwell, 1989, x + 243 pp., £25.00 h/b.

Karl‐Eugen Wädekin, ed., Communist Agriculture: Farming in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. London and New York: Routledge, 1989, xviii + 331 pp., £50.00

Gary Bertsch and Christopher T. Saunders, eds., East‐West Economic Relations in the 1990s. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, and Vienna: The Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies, 1989, ix + 305 pp., £45.00.

Carl G. Jacobsen ed., Soviet Foreign Policy: New Dynamics, New Themes. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1989, xv + 214 pp.

Sylvia Woodby, Gorbachev and the Decline of Ideology in Soviet Foreign Policy. Boulder: Westview Press, 1989, vii + 127 pp., $25.00 p/b.

Stephen J. Cimbala, Uncertainty and Control: Future Soviet and American Strategy. London: Pinter Publishers, 1990, viii + 183 pp., £28.00.

Alex Pravda and Peter J. S. Duncan eds., Soviet‐British Relations Since the 1970s. Cambridge, London: RIIA/Cambridge University Press, 1990, xii + 260 pp., £30.00.

Kirsten Amundsen, Soviet Strategic Interests in the North. London: Frances Pinter in association with John Spiers, 1990, x + 153 pp., £30.00.

Nicola Miller, Soviet Relations with Latin America, 1959–1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989, ix + 252 pp., £25.00 or $39.50 h/b, £8.95 p/b.

Ilya Prizel, Latin America Through Soviet Eyes: the Evolution of Soviet Perceptions During the Brezhnev Era 1964–1982. Soviet and East European Studies, 72. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, xiii+249 pp., £32.50, $44.50.

Milan Hauner, What is Asia to Us? Russia's Asian Heartland Yesterday and Today. Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1990, xvi + 264 pp., £30.00.

Michael Kirkwood, ed., Language Planning in the Soviet Union. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, in association with the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London, 1989, x + 230 pp., £35.00.

Andrei Gromyko, Memoirs. New York: Doubleday, 1990, pp. 414, $24.95.

Ihor Kamenetsky, ed., The Tragedy of Vinnytsia: Materials on Stalin's Policy of Extermination in Ukraine (1936–1938). Toronto, New York: The Ukrainian Historical Association, 1989, 286 pp., notes, bibliography, index, illustrations, $25.00 h/b.

Dov. B. Lungu, Romania and the Great Powers 1933–1940. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1989, xv + 293 pp., £44.55.

Paul LeBlanc, Lenin and the Revolutionary Party. London: Humanities Press International, 1990, xxxiv + 399 pp., £45.00.

Daniel Rancour‐Lafferiere, The Mind of Stalin: a Psychoanalytic Study. Ann Arbor: Ardis, 1988, 161 pp., $17.95.     

Living,Working, and Writing about Global Children and Youth

No abstract available for this article.     

Agroindustry and contract farmers in upland West Java

This study examines the experience of contract farmers in the hilly southern region of West Java, using illustrations from two types of upland contracting schemes. The nucleus in one case (smallholder dairy farming) is a co‐operative, and in the second (smallholder hybrid coconuts) a large nationalised plantation corporation. In both cases contract farming communities deviate markedly from the neo‐populist vision of homogeneous, modernising family farms; differentiation is quite marked, and wage labour common. In both cases the institutional framework surrounding contract farmers is in serious need of democratisation; the problem is not one of formal structures in need of revision but of actual function and substance of relationships, which reflect the nature and exercise of power in rural society.     

正确估计国民的收入差距承受力

伴随着二十余年改革开放所取得的巨大经济成就以及分配方式多元化结构的出现 ,我国国民收入的差距也在进一步拉大。收入分配制度的改革是一场革命 ,它在给我国的社会主义建设带来极大经济效益的同时 ,也打破社会群体的心理均衡。在由传统的计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转轨的过程中 ,也就是说 ,在对社会生产与分配进行调整期间 ,拉大收入差距是必然的 ,也是必要的 ,不如此不能够顺利实现和完成体制转轨与生产和分配方式调整的任务 ,也就不能够调动劳动者的生产积极性、刺激经济的进一步繁荣发展。但是也要看到 ,如果不能准确把握国民…