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871.
Christopher?Berry?GrayEmail author 《International Journal for the Semiotics of Law》2004,17(3):267-276
This article considers the following. Digital coding of information is far less extensive than the complexity and much less radical than the digital coding of selection among information which establishes the legal system. Niklas Luhmanns theory is the principal example of an appreciation for the latter. Luhmann presented the design for understanding law as autopoietic, a law legitimated and sustained by legal procedure. 相似文献
872.
873.
Shiroma CY Fielding CG Lewis JA Gleisner MR Dunn KN 《Journal of forensic sciences》2004,49(4):791-795
The purpose of this paper is to present the horizontal sectioning technique used by odontologists at the Central Identification Laboratory to sample dentin for mtDNA analysis. From the perspective of DNA testing, anthropologists and odontologists at the Central Identification Laboratory work with ancient remains. In many instances, the lack of comprehensive antemortem records, the potential for fragmentation and commingling, and environmental exposure makes the use of traditional forensic identification techniques difficult or impossible. Teeth are highly resistant to environmental degradation and are an excellent source of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). This technique is simple, quick, and relatively conservative, allowing for preservation of the majority of the external portion of the tooth structure. 相似文献
874.
Send correspondence to: Daniel Hosken, Federal Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20850; E-mail: dhosken@ftc.gov. The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.
1. Introduction
The purpose of market definition in a merger or nonmerger antitrustanalysis is to identify products that are important substitutesto those produced by the firms being investigated. The marketdefinition exercise includes determining both the product market,that is, which products are important substitutes, and the geographicmarket, that is, which firms are physically close enough toprovide viable substitutes. The 1992 United States Departmentof Justice and Federal Trade Commission Horizontal Merger Guidelinesdefine a product (geographic) market as the smallest set ofproducts (area) such that a hypothetical monopolist of theseproducts could increase price a small but significant amount,typically 5% to 10%. The Guidelines approach to market definitionis somewhat artificial since a product (area) is said to beeither "in" or "out" of the market. Because most products aredifferentiated, there is rarely a clear demarcation betweenproducts that are important substitutes and those . . . [Full Text of this Article]
2. Limitations of Price Studies for Market Definition
3. Difficulty of Implementation
4. Conclusion
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877.
Williams CR Arrigo BA 《International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology》2002,46(1):6-29
Clinical and legal research on the meaning of mental illness and on definitions (and predictions) of dangerousness continue to offer the mental health law arena mostly disappointing results. In this article, the authors argue that much of this failure is linked to the prevailing Newtonian paradigm of cause-effect relationships, linear logic, and absolute order. In its place, the authors draw attention to the "new sciences"; that is, advances generated from quantum physics and chaos theory. To situate the analysis, the authors explore how psycholegal decision making unfolds. Specifically, the authors examine what contributions the new sciences offer society on the nature and meaning of psychiatric disorder and on the forecasting of violence. Along the way, the authors suggest how the new sciences advance the regard for citizen justice within the domain of mental health law. 相似文献
878.
Much previous research shows that variation in vote choice closely follows variation in economic perceptions over time. A number of scholars argue that the pattern is rooted in cross-sectional effects and have found apparent evidence of such effects. However, most of these studies do not take into account the possibility that economic perceptions are themselves structured by vote choice, which poses potentially serious implications. We begin to address this endogeneity, focusing specifically on Lewis-Beck's (1988) analysis of economic voting. The results suggest that the cross-sectional effects of the economy on vote choice have been substantially overstated. 相似文献
879.
Christopher G. Reddick 《Public Budgeting & Finance》2002,22(3):1-25
This study demonstrates the link between the degree of economic rationality and budgetary decision–making outputs for Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Three empirical models are derived with low, intermediate, and high degrees of economic rationality, namely, "garbage can," incrementalism, and rational choice budgeting, respectively. The methods used are time series analyses on real disaggregated national government budget outputs for the post–World War II period for Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. There was some support found for budgetary incrementalism, and the most consistent support for rational choice budgeting. There was no support for garbage can budgeting. 相似文献
880.
ABSTRACTRefugees are among the most vulnerable populations, often denied rights of residency, treated as hostile intruders, even forced into unsafe camps. This has been particularly true of the Rohingya, a Muslim ethnic minority group which has fled Myanmar by the hundreds of thousands since 2012. Having found little refuge in Bangladesh, the group faces growing fears of involuntary repatriation. This is not the first time that the group has faced forced repatriation. What explains the shortcomings of past repatriations and why does the cycle persist? This paper contends that statelessness is a contributing factor in the continual failure of repatriation processes. An examination of the 1992–1997 repatriation of Rohingya refugees reveals that the condition of statelessness can undermine safeguards often granted to refugees, decrease incentives for refugees to return, and impair opportunities for long-term solutions, while exacerbating state and human security issues. An illustrative case of successful refugee repatriation in Angola suggests that the absence of statelessness can improve prospects for successful repatriation. 相似文献