行政规划若干问题思考

作为一种新兴的行政管理方式,行政规划是一个综合性的行为体系,存在着抽象性和具体性、内部性和外部性及法律性和事实性等多种双重法律属性;行政规划行为因其性质的复杂性,无法给予其统一定性和法律规制;规划裁量的存在及其内部界限的界定,如规划裁量的滥用、逾越和怠惰等因素,增加了法律对行政规划监控的难度。而且,规划裁量性导致了司法控制强度的降低,因为司法权必须尊重行政规划权的专业判断和属于规划裁量范围的决定应从立法、行政、司法和社会多方面展开对行政规划的法治化思考。     

荷兰检察官的自由裁量权

荷兰检察官在审前程序中通过"交易"等方式"审结"大量案件;在审判程序中通过选择指控罪名、量刑建议等,对法官的判决产生重要影响;荷兰检察官还在制定和执行刑事政策方面起积极作用,被认为是刑事司法制度的中心角色.因此,荷兰检察官的自由裁量权是十分广泛且非常具有特色的.     

Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Cameriere’s European formula for age estimation in children in South China and to adapt the formula to establish a more suitable formula for these children. Moreover, the performance of dental age estimation based on Cameriere’s method combining the developmental information of permanent teeth (PT) and third molar (TM) was also analysed. Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed. The samples of Group A were divided into training dataset 1 and test dataset 1, and the samples of Group B were also divided into training dataset 2 and test dataset 2. A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1. Additionally, a PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2. The Cameriere’s European formula underestimated chronological age with a mean difference (ME) of −0.47 ± 1.11 years in males and −0.69 ± 1.19 years in females. However, the South China-specific formula underestimated chronological age, with a mean difference (ME) of −0.02 ± 0.71 years in males and −0.14 ± 0.73 years in females. Compared with PT model and TM model, the PT and TM combined model obtained the smallest root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.29 years in males and 0.93 years in females. In conclusion, the South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.

Key points

• Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed.
• A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1.
• A PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2.
• The South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.

     

粤港澳大湾区跨境车辆往来现状与问题分析

要素自由流通是粤港澳大湾区打造世界一流湾区的重要基础和条件,而口岸通关车流的特点、现状和问题可以一定程度上反映出粤港澳大湾区要素流通的状态和水平。综合分析当前粤港、粤澳车辆往来现状及特点,大湾区车辆跨境往来面临的主要问题有:通行配额审批条件严格,程序繁琐;通行关口负载严重,港澳交通承载力薄弱;配额资源配置不合理,供求关系不平衡。为便捷大湾区车辆往来,应探索适应发展需要的大湾区车辆往来管理新模式,创新粤港澳三地车辆往来便利化政策,最终建立单边放开、布局合理、运行高效的交通系统。     

“No Colonial Baggage”: Imagining a Decolonised Australia-Africa Relations

As part of its strategy to win African votes for election to the UN Security Council (2008–12), Canberra sought to leverage its soft power potential by presenting Australia as having “no colonial baggage” in Africa while framing Australia as “a country from the Global North, located in the Global South,” and one that would “work with other small and middle powers.” Ultimately, the campaign was successful, including up to 50 of Africa's 54 countries voting for Australia. This paper considers this framing in the context of a shared but differentiated colonial history, including its contradictions, given that Australians fought several wars on African soil on behalf of the British Empire, supported white minority regimes and anti-communist movements on the continent, and maintained the white Australia policy until the 1970s. The paper deploys decoloniality theory to engage Australia's lack of a neat fit within a historicised articulation of a “coloniser-colonised” relationship between Europe and Africa. We show that, despite this lack of fit, Australia's relations with the countries of Africa reinforce long-standing of patterns of knowledge, power, and being associated with colonialism. Accordingly, the paper makes three recommendations for cooperation and innovative thinking in foreign policy and diaspora diplomacy between Africa and a more independent and multicultural Australia based on the “equality of being.”     

《红色英勇勋章》死亡心理变化之解读——以人格结构理论为视域

美国著名作家斯蒂芬·克莱恩的代表作《红色英勇勋章》,小说中对主人公亨利·弗莱明的心理活动进行了细致的刻画,把他的恐惧和悲伤,懦弱和勇敢描绘得淋漓尽致。主人公在战争中面对死亡的心理变化状态,主要分为三个阶段:参战前对死亡的无意识心理,参战中对死亡的逃避心理,参战后直面死亡的抗争心理,它们恰恰契合了弗洛伊德人格结构理论中的"本我—自我—超我",巧妙运用这一点,从人格结构理论视阈下对这部小说主人公面对死亡的心理变化进行细致解读的。     

新时代全面建成小康社会的价值意蕴

党的十九届五中全会高度评价决胜全面建成小康社会取得的决定性成就,在新的历史时期,必须认真审视全面建成小康社会的时代坐标,科学把握中国特色社会主义进入了新时代的历史方位,理性对待仍然处于世界最大发展中国家的全球定位,才能把准全面建成小康社会的现实脉搏,更准确地把握好在新时代下解决问题突出重点性、战略安排注重全面性、整体过程强调人民性的时代特征,为开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程奠定坚实基础。