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161.
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Improving public policy efficiency and effectiveness in land use planning is an established priority on the prevailing political agenda in the UK. Practical measures to enhance policy formulation in local land use development plans in Scotland offer an interesting case study of an attempt to improve policy consistency, and to secure efficiency gains in policy authorship. This article considers the specific focus on the drafting stage of public policy‐making drawing on insights provided by research into the production of model policies in Scotland. It questions the extent to which such an initiative will promote a more robust public policy‐making discipline in light of the policy cycle. The discussion of the case study illustrates a practical attempt by central government to enhance public policy‐making at the local level, while raising questions about the dangers of invoking a technocratic and instrumentalist approach to policy analysis. 相似文献
163.
Sandra L. Martin Deborah A. Gibbs Ruby E. Johnson E. Danielle Rentz Monique Clinton-Sherrod Jennifer Hardison 《Journal of family violence》2007,22(7):587-595
This study analyzed data collected by the U.S. Army’s Family Advocacy Program, the group primarily responsible for family
violence prevention, identification, evaluation, treatment, and follow-up on Army installations. Patterns of spouse abuse
and child abuse perpetrated within a five year period (2000–2004) were examined in a sample of 10,864 Army Soldiers who were
substantiated for family violence offenses. Three groups of family violence offenders were compared: (1) those who perpetrated
spouse offenses only; (2) those who perpetrated child offenses only; and (3) those who perpetrated both spouse and child offenses.
Results showed that the majority of substantiated family violence offenders were spouse offenders who had not committed child
abuse (61%), followed by child offenders who had not committed spouse abuse (27%), and finally those who committed both spouse
and child offenses (12%). The three groups of family violence offenders differed in terms of the types of abuse they perpetrated
(neglect of children, emotional abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse), their experiences of being a spouse abuse victim,
and sociodemographic characteristics. Twelve percent of all spouse abusers committed multiple spouse abuse incidents, and
10% of all child abusers committed multiple child abuse incidents. 相似文献
164.
Beyond Negativity: The Effects of Incivility on the Electorate 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
There is much concern among pundits and political observers that incivility undermines our electoral process. Yet we have little evidence that actually documents whether incivility has such pernicious effects. This article seeks to advance our understanding of the influence of incivility on the electorate. We argue that three dimensions are central to understanding both the perceptions and effects of different types of campaign messages: tone (negative versus positive); civility (civil versus uncivil); and focus (issue versus trait-based message content). Using an experimental manipulation on a large national sample that examines these three dimensions, we find that uncivil attacks in campaigns do not appear to be as worrisome as its detractors fear. While uncivil messages in general—and uncivil trait-based messages in particular—are usually seen by the public as being less fair, less informative, and less important than both their civil negative and positive counterparts, they are no more likely to lead to detrimental effects among the public. In fact, incivility appears to have some modest positive consequences for the political engagement of the electorate. These findings are important, since attacks and counterattacks will continue to shape the American political landscape. 相似文献
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The paper is an investigation offazhi (rule of law) in China. The studyproposes a tentative semiotic framework for theinterpretation of the rule of law as a legalconcept to be applied to China in the light ofits recent incorporation into the ChineseConstitution. The paper argues that legalconcepts such as the rule of law are triadic innature and their constituents are relative,relational and contextual in the semioticinterpretative process. The study examines howthe concept can be explicated with the thin orformal theory of the rule of law as a frame ofreference, and how the semiotic model maycontribute to the understanding of the Chineserule of law or the lack thereof. This approachalso attempts to account for the gap betweenthe legal ideal and reality in China andcanvasses cross-cultural considerations. In thefirst part of the paper, a semiotic frameworkfor legal concepts is postulated forconstructing the meaning of the rule of law,followed by its application to contemporaryChina. 相似文献
170.
This exploratory study investigated whether rape victims’ subjective perceptions of whether to proceed with legal action were
associated with their experience of disclosing to the police during their initial interview. Specifically, the study investigated
associations between symptoms of PTSD, shame and self-blame post-rape, subjective perceptions of police empathy and subjective
perception of victims’ intentions to take the case to court. Participants (N = 22) were found to have elevated levels of PTSD
severity, shame and self-blame. Police empathy was positively correlated with victims’ ratings of likelihood of taking the
case to court, and negatively correlated with PTSD severity and shame. These preliminary findings suggest that training police
officers how to respond more empathically to psychologically distressed rape victims may potentially help reduce victim attrition
rates. 相似文献