论毒品犯罪死刑限制适用

消极的责任主义、对责任严重程度的严格判断、以刑罚必然性和刑罚可感知程度为基础的威慑的一般预防理论,以及特殊预防论的必要性理论,为毒品犯罪的死刑适用提供了理论空间。在具体操作模式上,毒品犯罪的死刑适用限制应以严格的实质判断认定毒品犯罪行为的社会危害性,以压缩毒品犯罪死刑适用的犯罪范围。同时应合理利用立功制度、妥善处理毒品犯罪中共犯的责任、适当协调死刑与其他刑事措施之间的关系,并严格限制减刑与假释的条件,以减轻预防毒品犯罪对于死刑的依赖程度。毒品犯罪死刑适用限制也应受到限制,应逐步缓慢推进,且须有相应的社会措施同时配套推行。     

职务犯罪预防的权力控制机制研究

职务犯罪源自权力的滥用,而滥用权力者,无不是为了满足其本能的物欲、情欲与权欲。既然人类不能,也无法消除欲望,只有通过、内在和外在的约束,对其加以控制。伴随着社会加剧转型,熟人社会强有力的内在道德的约束已经不再可靠,而逐步建立起适应陌生人社会的,以公民权利、公共权力和社会权力制约公共权力的机制．已经成为现代社会防止权力腐败和职务犯罪发生的选择。     

论我国注射死刑的平等适用

目前,我国在执行注射死刑时存在不能完全平等适用的问题。这种不平等适用体现为不同身份的死刑犯适用不平等、不同地区的死刑犯适用不平等、不同罪行的死刑犯适用不平等等方面。注射死刑不平等适用违反了法律面前人人平等原则,引起社会的诸多质疑。而注射死刑未平等适用的原因较为复杂,既因立法上存在漏洞,又受到注射成本过高,地方司法机关推动力度不够,民众报应观念较强等因素制约。     

电子证据中的同一认定研究

随着计算机技术和网络的广泛运用,以电子数据为主要形式的电子证据作为新型的诉讼证据,越来越受到学术界的重视。电子证据与其他物证一样,具有客体特征的特定性、稳定性及反映性。对电子证据开展同一认定研究,对于认定网络黑客、高智商罪犯、木马发布者、电子图文制作者,具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

膜攻击复合物对继发性脑损伤的影响

脑损伤后普遍存在的炎性反应激活补体并通过多种途径导致和加重继发性脑损伤。膜攻击复合物具有直接破坏血脑屏障、促使红细胞溶解、促进释放细胞因子、氧自由基和金属基质蛋白、加剧炎症反应的生物特性,从而加重继发性脑损伤。本文对膜攻击复合物造成继发性脑损伤的研究进行综述,希望能对相关研究和法医学鉴定提供参考。     

Messenger RNA Profiling for Forensic Body Fluid Identification： Research and Applications

Identifying the origin of body fluids left at a crime scene can give a significant insight into crime scene reconstruction by supporting a link betw een sample donors and actual criminal acts. How ev-er, the conventional body fluid identification methods are prone to various limitations, such as time con-sumption, intensive labor, nonparallel manner, varying degrees of sensitivity and limited specificity. Re-cently, the analysis of cell-specific messenger RNA expression （mRNA profiling） has been proposed to supplant conventional methods for body fluid identification. Since 2011, the collaborative exercises have been organized by the European DNA Profiling Group （EDNAP ） in order to evaluate the robustness and reproducibility of mRNA profiling for body fluid identification. The major advantages of mRNA profil-ing, compared to the conventional methods, include higher sensitivity, greater specificity, the ability of detecting several body fluids in one multiplex reaction, and compatibilitywith current DNA extraction and analysis procedure. In the current review ,we provided an overview of the present know ledge and detection methodologies of mRNA profiling for forensic body fluid identification and discussed its possi-ble practical application to forensic casew ork.     

英国警察自由裁量之作用及改革

英国警察自由裁量权力运行受制于不同历史时期警察文化与法治意识的影响.如何限制警察自由裁量权问题,英国同样面临着诸多困局.20世纪中期以来,英国逐步开始了一系列改革与探索.     

X-ray mapping technique: a preliminary study in discriminating gunshot residue particles from aggregates of environmental occupational origin

The possibility of detection of lead-antimony-barium aggregates from non-firearm sources is confirmed according to the tests performed on brake pads, and firework and automobile workers. Moreover, information on particles taken from cartridge cases shows the relative feeble importance of the morphology in distinguishing gunshot residues (GSRs). Furthermore, also the presence in the spectrum of other elements (e.g., iron) is not so conclusive. In this panorama, the possibility of discriminating gunshot residue particles from other non-firearm lead-antimony-barium aggregates is investigated: the proposed method is based on X-ray mapping technique--currently applied used in Reparto Carabinieri Investigazioni Scientifiche in Rome, the forensic service of Italian Carabinieri--according to which the spatial distribution of the emission energy of each element of the sample is pictured. Gunshot residues present the same lead-antimony-barium distribution (or at least the same antimony-barium distribution with lead nodules), as some other environmental occupational aggregates do not (different plaques of lead, antimony, and barium). So, X-ray mapping technique can offer a new fundamental evaluation parameter in analysis of gunshot residues with scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive (SEM/EDS) spectrometry, and new standards could be considered.     

恢复性司法视域中的反腐败追逃追赃国际合作

我国反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利,但形势依然严峻复杂。以《联合国反腐败公约》为基础,通过劝返和域外追诉等方式,使很多外逃腐败分子回国接受审判,追缴回了很多赃款。然而我国现阶段适用这两种方式进行反腐败追逃追赃工作时,面临缺乏强力的法律支撑和顺畅的国际合作等难题。我国应当在相关法律,特别是《刑事诉讼法》《监察法》中认可“恢复性司法”的理念和模式,充分利用劝返模式的优势,减少域外追诉的负担。此外,在法律制度层面认可恢复性司法,可增进世界其他国家对我国反腐败法律制度的了解,增强我国在反腐败国际合作中的话语权。