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661.
J. Donald Hughes 《Capitalism Nature Socialism》2013,24(1):109-111
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Donald P. Moynihan 《Public administration review》2009,69(5):813-822
In responding to Professor Lynn's criticism that the field of public administration has been insufficiently attentive to law, this article offers an alternative perspective on the source of administrative legitimacy. Leonard White understood that public administration is shaped by its broader context. It does not assert its own values but, in an effort to maintain legitimacy, reflects the political and cultural values of its environment. In White's time, the extraordinary challenges that the state faced, and its subsequent transformation, demanded a management capacity that previously had not existed. While the role of law as a formal means of control is generally accepted, it must take its place with management and other administrative values in the exercise of legal discretionary behavior. Asserting law, or any other single administrative value, as dominant undercuts other values that act as sources of legitimacy. 相似文献
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James E. Sutton Paul E. Bellair Brian R. Kowalski Ryan Light Donald T. Hutcherson 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2011,27(2):173-171
Data collection using the life event calendar method is growing, but reliability is not well established. We examine test–retest
reliability of monthly self-reports of criminal behavior collected using a life event calendar from a random sample of minimum
and medium security prisoners. Tabular analysis indicates substantial agreement between self-reports of drug dealing, property,
and violent crime during a baseline interview (test) and a follow-up (retest) approximately 3 weeks later. Hierarchical analysis
reveals that criminal activity reported during the initial test is strongly associated with responses given in the retest,
and that the relationship varies only by the lag in days between the initial interview and the retest. Analysis of validity
reveals that self-reported incarceration history is strongly predictive of official incarceration history although we were
unable to address whether subjects could correctly identify the months they were incarcerated. African Americans and older
subjects provide more valid responses but in practical terms the differences in validity are not large. 相似文献
668.
Katherine A. Roberts Ph.D. Donald J. Johnson M.S. Sherillelynn Cruz M.S. Heather Simpson M.S. Alan Safer Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(4):909-918
This study examined whether flossing the teeth is a more effective collection method in recovering spermatozoa than conventional swabbing techniques. It was hypothesized that inclusion of flossing as a collection method would extend the recovery of spermatozoa to longer postcoital intervals (PCIs). Eighteen individuals provided 174 oral cavity samples. Successful recovery of spermatozoa was assessed with respect to the collection method and reported activity in the oral cavity during the PCI. Samples were subjected to a differential extraction procedure prior to microscopic evaluation of the extracted pellet. The results indicate that swabbing is more effective than flossing when the PCI falls within 1.5–12 h. However, spermatozoa were recovered from seven floss samples where the corresponding swabs gave negative results. When combining the results from the two collection methods, the percentage of subjects from whom spermatozoa are recovered increases for each PCI beyond the 0‐h interval. 相似文献
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Barry C. Burden David T. Canon Kenneth R. Mayer Donald P. Moynihan 《Public administration review》2012,72(5):741-751
This article argues that administrative burden—that is, an individual's experience of policy implementation as onerous—is an important consideration for administrators and influences their views on policy and governance options. The authors test this proposition in the policy area of election administration using a mixed‐method assessment of local election officials. They find that the perceived administrative burden of policies is associated with a preference to shift responsibilities to others, perceptions of greater flaws and lesser merit in policies that have created the burden (to the point that such judgments are demonstrably wrong), and opposition to related policy innovations. 相似文献