对外开放战略视域下中国国家经济主权安全探讨

国家经济主权是国家政治权力和经济权力在国家最高利益契合点的权力结合。中国经济在与国际经济接轨的同时。不可避免使国家经济主权安全面临压力。主要有：中国自主选择经济发展模式受西方国家的干扰：跨国公司的跨国经营有可能削弱中国经济发展的独立性;国际经济组织及其相关国际法有可能使国家独立选择经济政策的余地变得日益狭小等等。认识并应对对外开放战略背景下中国国家经济主权安全所面临的问题,科学制定维护中国国家经济主权安全的战略策略,意义重大。     

Developmental validation of reduced-size STR Miniplex primer sets

This paper describes a developmental validation study of three Miniplex sets covering 12 of the 13 CODIS loci. As these new sets will be used for the analysis of degraded and low level DNA, the validation studies were performed using 100-125 pg of DNA, the lowest input level at which peak balance, peak intensity, and allele consistency were stable. To demonstrate the applicability of the Miniplex sets to forensic casework, these validation studies were completed in accordance with the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). A range of tests were performed including studies of concordance with standard multiplex kits, sensitivity and reproducibility, and PCR amplification conditions. Additionally, studies of mixtures, nonhuman and environmentally degraded DNA, and simulated forensic samples were performed. Our results demonstrate that Miniplex STR amplification procedures are a robust and sensitive tool for the analysis of degraded DNA.     

Forensic analysis of soil and sediment traces by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis: an experimental investigation

This paper reports the results of a series of experiments carried out to determine the precision of soil trace comparisons based on elemental peak height ratios determined by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXRA) in a variable pressure scanning electron microscope (VP-SEM). Experiments were conducted on 'bulk' soil aggregates, ground powders prepared from the <150 microm soil fractions and on smears of both the bulk soil and <150 microm material placed on cotton cloth. X-ray count data were obtained using area scans and spot analyses at different magnifications. The effects on elemental peak height ratios of varying the SEM chamber pressure, beam spot size, emission current and accelerating voltage were also examined. The peak height ratios for oxygen, silicon, aluminium, potassium, calcium and iron were found to show little variation as a function of chamber pressure, spot size and emission current over the ranges examined, but a strong dependency on accelerating voltage was observed. Within-sample variation in results, expressed by the percentage coefficient of variation, was found to be lowest for area scan analyses of the ground <150 microm fractions and greatest for the spot analyses of the bulk soil aggregates and the <150 microm fractions. We conclude that comparison of elemental peak height ratios determined by EDXRA can be a useful tool for rapid screening of soil samples, especially when combined with investigation of other attributes of the soil traces such as colour, fabric and the composition, shapes and surface textures of individual particles or aggregates within the soil traces. If sufficient material is available and can be readily separated without contamination or loss, higher resolution and more precise elemental data should be obtained by methods such as inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) or mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS).     

Rollen und Institutionen als symbolische Ordnung von Netzwerken

Roles and institutions lead to the reduction of uncertainty in communication, and to a particular pattering of social networks. Cultural patterns for actorhood, for social relationships, and for patterns of relationships are conceptualized as ??relational institutions?? that structure social networks as cultural models. Roles mediate between the structure of social networks and institutionalized cultural patterns: On the one hand, they can emerge in small-scale network contexts and crystallize as long as the network structure persists. On the other hand, communication draws on institutionalized models to reduce its own complexity and uncertainty. Thus, relational institutions imprint social networks through role categories. In order to elaborate on this relational conception of institutions and roles, the text combines arguments from social network research, from the normative and the interpretive role concept, from philosophical anthropology and neo-institutionalism with the general perspective of relational sociology.     

Dieulafoy lesion of the esophagus causing massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding and death: a case report

Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We present a case report of sudden and unexpected death in a previously healthy male where autopsy revealed a classic Dieulafoy lesion with a submucosal artery protruding through a small mucosal defect in the esophagus, thereby exposing it to stress and consequent rupture. Advances in endoscopic techniques have drastically reduced mortality from Dieulafoy lesion. Nevertheless, it is an important diagnosis to be kept in mind when autopsy reveals an upper gastrointestinal bleeding.     

Lethal esophageal rupture following treatment with Sengstaken-Blakemore Tube in management of variceal bleeding: A 10-year autopsy study

The possible causal link between damage to the heart and acute pancreatitis and other pancreatic diseases has been considered in both adults and children, particularly in cases of sudden, unexpected death. However, the cardiac pathological findings so far reported in the literature are neither specific enough, nor of a kind to prove a direct pancreatic pathogenesis. We describe the occurrence of steatonecrosis developed in areas of lipomatous infiltration of the heart following acute exacerbation of latent chronic pancreatitis. The presence of mature adipocytes in the myocardium is an adequate substrate for the pancreatic lipase to give rise to the steatonecrosis, which is a well-known marker of acute pancreatitis. As far as we are aware, this is the first reported case of heart steatonecrosis in the literature.     

Umweltsonderrecht für Vorhaben der Landesverteidigung

Im deutschen Umweltrecht finden sich an verschiedenen Stellen Sonderregelungen für Vorhaben der Landesverteidigung. Ausgehend von der Fragestellung, welche Vorhaben hiervon erfasst sind, werden nachfolgend die wichtigsten dieser Sonderregelungen vorgestellt. Die Untersuchung beschränkt sich dabei auf Bestimmungen zum medialen Umweltschutz, der die klassischen Umweltmedien Boden, Wasser und Luft zum Regelungsgegenstand hat ¹ , und widmet sich außerdem einer Sondervorschrift im Waldrecht. Dagegen bleiben Vorschriften beispielsweise zum Strahlenschutz, zu Gefahrstoffen oder zur Gefahrgutbeförderung ² sowie zum Luftverkehr3 ausgeklammert. * Der Verfasser ist am Landratsamt Neustadt a. d. Waldnaab u. a. für Verwaltungsverfahren im Zusammenhang mit Europas größtem Truppenübungsplatz Grafenwöhr, der der US-Army zur Nutzung überlassen ist, zuständig.1) Breuer in: Schmidt-Aßmann (Hrsg.), BesVerwR, 12.Aufl. 2003, S. 531.2) Siehe dazu Repkewitz, Bundeswehr und Umweltschutz, 1999, S. 288ff.; Kloepfer, Umweltrecht, 3. Aufl. 2004, § 5 Rdnr. 552.     

The generalized instructional set of the Criminal Attribution Inventory (CRAI): socially desirable responding and faking

Accurate assessment of criminal attributions can assist in explaining crime and identifying offender treatment targets. The current study examines the relationship between a new method of assessing the cognition of criminal attributes, the Criminal Attribution Inventory (CRAI) and a measure of socially desirable responding. 300 participants including incarcerated offenders, released offenders, sex offenders, and university students participated in the current study. Results indicate minimal relationships between socially desirable responding and the CRAI. In a fake-good testing situation, the faking index had appropriate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive power in identifying fake-good responses. The CRAI's instructional set of general observation as opposed to self-representation appears to limit socially desirable responding and also allows the CRAI to be administered to nonoffender populations.     

Herzmuschelfischerei im Lichte des Art. 6 FFH-Richtlinie

Mit seinem Urteil vom 7. 9. 2004 trägt der EuGH zur Schärfung des Profils der für den Schutz von Natura-2000-Gebieten maßgeblichen Bestimmung des Art. 6 FFH-RL bei. Der Beitrag behandelt die wesentlichen Aspekte der Entscheidung und zeigt die sich hiermit verbindenden rechtlichen Konsequenzen auf.