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921.
Joseph G. Kosciw Emily A. Greytak Elizabeth M. Diaz 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(7):976-988
This study examines how locational (region and locale), community-level (school district poverty and adult educational attainment),
and school district-level (district size and ratios of students to key school personnel) variables are related to indicators
of hostile school climate for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth. Indicators of hostile climate included
frequency of homophobic remarks and victimization regarding sexual orientation and gender expression. We used data from a
national survey of LGBT secondary school students (N = 5,420; 57.6% female; 65.5% White; mean age = 15.9). Results from regression analyses demonstrated that LGBT youth in rural
communities and communities with lower adult educational attainment may face particularly hostile school climates. School
district characteristics contributed little to the variation in LGBT youth’s experiences. Findings highlight the importance
of considering the multiple contexts that LGBT youth inhabit, particularly as they pertain to educational experiences. 相似文献
922.
Elizabeth Trejos-Castillo Alexander T. Vazsonyi 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(5):719-731
Though official data document that Hispanic youth are at a great risk for early sexual intercourse, STDs, and teen pregnancy,
only few etiological studies have been conducted on Hispanic youth; almost no work has examined potential generational differences
in these behaviors, and thus, these behaviors may have been mistakenly attributed to cultural differences. The current study
examined the relationships between maternal parenting (general communication, communication about sex, monitoring, support)
and risky sexual behaviors, and potential moderating effects by immigration status and acculturation in 1st and 2nd generation
Hispanic immigrant adolescents (N = 2,016) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Waves I and II). Maternal communication about sex and
maternal support emerged as key predictors of risky sexual behaviors across generational groups; neither immigration status
nor acculturation moderated the maternal parenting constructs-risky sexual behaviors links. Furthermore, maternal parenting
constructs and their relationships with risky sexual behaviors did not differ by generational groups.
相似文献
Alexander T. VazsonyiEmail: |
923.
Sonia Minnes Lynn T. Singer Meeyoung O. Min Adelaide M. Lang Aya Ben-Harush Elizabeth Short Miaoping Wu 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(1):53-69
Differences in caregiver reported executive function in 12-year-old children who were prenatally exposed to cocaine (PCE) compared to children who were not prenatally exposed to cocaine (NCE) were assessed. One hundred and sixty-nine PCE and 169 NCE, primarily African-American, low socioeconomic status children participated in a prospective longitudinal study. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) Parent Form was administered. Two broadband BRIEF scores (Behavioral Regulation Index (BRI) and Metacognition Index (MI)) and a summary Global Executive Composite (GEC) were computed. Multiple and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the effects of amount of PCE on executive function, controlling for covariates including caregiver (rater) psychological distress, child’s gender and other prenatal drug exposure variables. After adjustment for covariates, amount of PCE was associated with the GEC and two MI subscales, Plan/Organize and Monitor, with heavier exposure associated with more problems of executive function. An amount of PCE by gender interaction revealed amount of PCE effects in other remaining subscales of the MI (Initiate, Working Memory, and Organization of Materials) only among girls. Head circumference did not mediate the effects of cocaine on outcomes. Higher current caregiver psychological distress levels were independently associated with poorer ratings on the executive function scales. Assessment and targeted interventions to improve metacognitive processes are recommended for girls who were prenatally exposed to cocaine. 相似文献
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928.
Although Northeast Asia typically is seen as an arena for conflict over energy supplies, complementary economic relationships
would seem to make the region ripe for energy cooperation: Russia possesses major oil and gas resources, while China, Japan,
South and North Korea all depend on imported energy. The four papers in this issue raise a number of important and, at times,
neglected issues about the prospects for energy cooperation in Northeast Asia. While focusing on specific projects for energy
supply and conservation, the authors implicitly raise broader theoretical questions about the prospects for and consequences
of regional energy cooperation.
相似文献
Elizabeth WishnickEmail: |
929.
Alexander T. Vazsonyi Elizabeth Trejos-Castillo Maureen A. Young 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(7):798-811
The current study provides new information on the etiology of adolescent problem behaviors in African American youth by testing
the importance of known predictors, namely parenting measures (monitoring, support, and communication), peers, and neighborhood
characteristics across rural and non-rural developmental contexts. More specifically, the study examined whether rural versus
non-rural developmental contexts moderated the relationships between known predictors and a variety of problem behaviors (alcohol
use, drug use, delinquency, and violence). Data were collected from N = 687 rural and N = 182 non-rural African American adolescents (mean age = 15.8 years). Findings indicate that both parenting constructs and
peer deviance had significant effects on problem behaviors and that these effects were consistent across rural and non-rural
developmental contexts. The study results are discussed in terms of their implications for ecological frameworks for testing
problem behavior etiology.
Alexander T. Vazsonyi Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at Auburn University. He received his Ph.D. in 1995 from The University of Arizona. His research interests include etiological risk factors in adolescent problem behaviors, deviance, delinquency, and violence, employing a cross-cultural/cross-national comparative method in the study of human development and behavior. Vazsonyi is the Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Early Adolescence and an editor of the Cambridge Handbook of Violent Behavior And Aggression. Elizabeth Trejos-Castillo Assistant Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at Texas Tech University. She received her Ph.D. in 2006 from Auburn University. Her current research interests include the importance of family processes and contextual factors on the etiology of risky and problem behaviors in youth as well as internalizing behaviors with a particular emphasis on ethnic minorities and immigrant populations. Maureen A. Young Master’s student in Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University. She received her BS in 2004 from the University of New Orleans. Her current research interests include sexual behaviors (particularly risky sexual activity), deviance, and parent–child relationships in youth. 相似文献
Maureen A. YoungEmail: |
Alexander T. Vazsonyi Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at Auburn University. He received his Ph.D. in 1995 from The University of Arizona. His research interests include etiological risk factors in adolescent problem behaviors, deviance, delinquency, and violence, employing a cross-cultural/cross-national comparative method in the study of human development and behavior. Vazsonyi is the Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Early Adolescence and an editor of the Cambridge Handbook of Violent Behavior And Aggression. Elizabeth Trejos-Castillo Assistant Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at Texas Tech University. She received her Ph.D. in 2006 from Auburn University. Her current research interests include the importance of family processes and contextual factors on the etiology of risky and problem behaviors in youth as well as internalizing behaviors with a particular emphasis on ethnic minorities and immigrant populations. Maureen A. Young Master’s student in Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University. She received her BS in 2004 from the University of New Orleans. Her current research interests include sexual behaviors (particularly risky sexual activity), deviance, and parent–child relationships in youth. 相似文献
930.
Charles Bram Cadsby Rachel Croson Melanie Marks Elizabeth Maynes 《Public Choice》2008,135(3-4):277-289
This research concerns how costs and benefits affect the voluntary provision of threshold public goods. Cadsby and Maynes (J. Public Econ. 71:53–73, 1999) hypothesized that the difference between the value and cost of such a good, its net reward, influences the likelihood of provision. Croson and Marks (Exp. Econ. 2:239–259, 2000) focused on the ratio of group payoff to total cost, the step return. We find that step return is the best predictor overall, although net reward has some impact, negatively affecting the probability of provision with inexperienced participants and positively affecting it with experienced participants. 相似文献