The expert assessment of the force of blows by blunt solid objects

The author distinguishes 4 degrees of strength of strikes inflicted with blunt hard objects. Intervals of strength expressed in newtons correspond to each of these degrees. The scheme is based on experimental data of many authors who determined the parameters of strength of strikes inducing certain injuries. Use of the proposed scheme will render objectiveness and reliability to conclusions of forensic medical experts.     

The advantages of establishing the species classification of blood and other biological objects by the IFR in a quantitative modification

A quantitative modification of immunofluorescent test (IFT) is described. It was used for species identification of blood stains on material evidence objects. This modification is 1000 times more sensitive than electrophoretic methods traditionally used for this purpose in forensic medicine. Computer processing of the results helps objectively and persuasively determine the species appurtenance of blood and other biological objects. Results of the test represented as histograms should be attached to forensic medical conclusions as proofs for the court.     

The chromatographic analysis of phencyclidine, its metabolites and analogs in biological fluids

Reviews data on analysis of narcotic phencyclidine and its main metabolites and analogs. Pharmacological and toxic characteristics of phencyclidine, conditions of its isolation from biological objects and its detection and measurement by thin layer and gas chromatography and by chromatographic mass-spectrometry are described. Analysis of phencyclidine metabolites is discussed and a scheme of its metabolism is presented. Statistical characteristics of methods of quantitative analysis of phencyclidine in biological objects are presented.     

Coping Styles in Delinquent Adolescents and Controls: The Role of Personality and Parental Rearing

The aim of the present study was to compare coping styles in delinquent adolescents (n=178) versus matched controls (n=91) from the Arkhangelsk region in Northern Russia and to test for possible interrelations with personality traits and parental rearing factors. The samples were assessed by means of the Coping Scale for Children and Youth (CSCY), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and the EMBU questionnaire on parental rearing. The delinquents differed significantly from the controls on most aspects of the coping styles under investigation. Furthermore, some specific correlational patterns between coping styles and both personality dimensions and parental rearing factors emerged. The findings are discussed in the light of the interactive nature of relations between personality and parental rearing in the development of coping styles.     

Budgeting for Federal Capital

This article examines the issues involved in federal investment budgeting and planning for the acquisition of federally-owned assets. It describes the unique role of the federal government and examines the different issues and reforms prompted by differing types of capital and investment sponsored at the federal level. It suggests that meaningful changes can be instituted in our budgeting practices that can make a difference for our budgetary choices without adopting a full-scale capital budget. It also presents a framework for improving federal agency capital decision making based on a study of practices used by leading state and local and private sector organizations. The article is based on testimony delivered before the President's Commission to Study Capital Budgeting.