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51.
52.
Hayden Shelby 《Housing Policy Debate》2017,27(4):547-569
The idea that a person’s neighborhood or zip code can predict his or her life outcomes has motivated a host of housing policies aimed at redressing racial segregation and breaking up areas of concentrated poverty. This article critically examines underlying assumptions about high-poverty neighborhoods that motivate those policies. Using ethnographic methods, I present the location preferences of residents living in a low-income neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, and show the ways in which their perceptions of their neighborhood run counter to common portrayals. This analysis provides clues as to why the underlying logic of dispersal and mobility may be flawed. I conclude that place matters very much to people living in this neighborhood, just not in the way commonly implied by dispersal and mobility policy advocates. The implication is that stability, rather than mobility, ought to be the focus of more housing discussions. 相似文献
53.
Bryan Lee Miller O. Hayden Griffin III Chris L. Gibson David N. Khey 《Journal of criminal justice》2009,37(4):396-403
Salvia divinorum is a new recreational drug where few studies have been conducted on its prevalence and predictors of use. Using a sample of undergraduate students, this study investigated these issues. While a small number reported experimenting with salvia, logistic regression models showed that demographics, marijuana use, and self-control are statistically significant predictors. The effect of gender on use was explained by low self-control; but the effect of marijuana use remained. Results also showed that White males who frequently smoke marijuana and have extremely low self-control are most likely to use salvia. Limitations and future research are discussed. 相似文献
54.
Hayden P. Smith Robert J. Kaminski Jenelle Power Karen Slade 《Criminal Justice Studies》2019,32(3):264-286
Self-harming behaviors occurring in prison disproportionately consume resources and cause considerable disruption. To date, theoretical paradigms have explained self-injurious behaviors and suicidal processes either via a continuum or dichotomy of self-harm. This current study examines all documented acts of self-harm (n = 1,158) occurring in South Carolina’s 28 prisons over a 50-month period. We test and find support for a tripartite schema of self-harm; differentiated with regard to suicidal processes, self-injurious behaviors, and a ‘mixed group‘ of self-harming behaviors. These groups of behaviors were distinct with regard to situational variables (i.e. body part targeted, injury severity) as well as institutional responses (i.e., medical treatment needed, employment of suicide protocols). Findings indicate that self-injurious behaviors are likely to result in physical injury and/or hospitalizations. 相似文献
55.
O. Hayden Griffin III Vanessa H. Woodward Lisa S. Nored W. Wesley Johnson 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2013,38(2):289-305
In recent years there has been a vigorous debate in the discipline of criminology and criminal justice, concerning the role of faculty members in Criminology and Criminal Justice departments who hold a Juris Doctorate (JD), but lack a PhD. Some argue that faculty members with a JD possess sufficient credentials to be tenure-track faculty members within a department; however, others believe that a tenure-track faculty member within a department should hold a PhD. Two primary arguments in the debate concern the discrepancies in the hour requirements for degree certification, as well as the dissertation requirement for completion of a PhD. Although it seems both sides are entrenched in their respective beliefs, one plausible method of attempting to bridge this gap is to encourage interested students to enroll in joint JD/PhD programs. These programs are designed to overlap degree requirements and allow students to concurrently earn both degrees in a shorter period of time than if both degrees were earned separately. To analyze JD/PhD programs, a survey of the 201 American Bar Association (ABA) accredited law schools with joint degree programs within criminology and criminal justice (as well as other academic disciplines) was conducted. Of specific interest was the process of program integration and combined curriculum requirements. 相似文献
56.
Singh Darshan Webb Megan Hayden Griffin O. Griffin Vanessa Woodward Narayanan Suresh 《Asian Journal of Criminology》2021,16(4):377-394
Asian Journal of Criminology - It has been well-established that, in the USA, the news media contributes to the construction of moral panics regarding the use and users of various types of drugs.... 相似文献
57.
Patrick Hayden 《Human Rights Review》2010,11(4):451-467
The centenary of Hannah Arendt’s birth in 2006 has provided the catalyst for a body of literature grappling with the legacy
of her thought, especially the question of its enduring political relevance. Yet this literature largely excludes from consideration
a significant aspect of Arendt’s legacy, namely, her account of evil and its devastating political reality. This article contends
that the neglect of Arendt’s understanding of the dynamic reality of evil unnecessarily delimits the opportunities her legacy
affords to diagnose forms of evil today. In particular, I propose that Arendt’s notion of evil and her unique insight into
its dynamic reality remain very much pertinent in light of a globalizing world where the conditions of extreme deprivation
and exclusion have become thoroughly bound up with the structurally unequal conditions of the global political economy. The
persistent global poverty knowingly reproduced in and through policies and practices of economic globalization effectively
renders vast numbers of people superfluous and “rightless,” resulting in a distinctive form of political evil. I conclude
that more attention should be paid to the deeper pertinence of Arendt’s concepts of evil, human superfluousness, and rightlessness
for contemporary political life. 相似文献
58.
On May 10, 2007, three executives of the pharmaceutical company Purdue Pharma pled guilty in federal court to misleading doctors
and patients about the risk of addiction and potential for abuse of OxyContin. Additionally, Purdue Pharma paid over $600
million in fines and other payments to the United States government and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The drug OxyContin was
first introduced to the market in December of 1995. Warning signs of the drug’s potential for abuse were almost immediate,
and there were reports of copious amounts of the drug being diverted into the black market for recreational use. In some cases,
criminologists have argued that if the government fails to protect its citizens from the harm of a corporation then such behavior
should be considered state-corporate crime. We critically evaluate the case of OxyContin to see if it falls under the state-corporate
crime paradigm. Further, we argue the state-corporate crime paradigm can benefit from an increased focus on the organizational
structures of regulation agencies. 相似文献
59.
O. Hayden Griffin III 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2014,39(3):660-679
Through judicial review, the United States Supreme Court has played a pivotal role in deciding and/or interpreting the constitutionality of legislation. Since the passage of the Pure, Food and Drug Act in 1906, the Supreme Court’s role has been integral in formulating drug policy. In some instances, the Court’s decisions have limited the authority of the federal government, while in others have greatly expanded this authority. As a direct result of the decision-making of the Supreme Court, limitations have periodically been placed on Congress to regulate controlled substances. Many people, who were perceived as medical patients, became criminal drug users. The Court has restricted and later approved of the use of drugs during the free exercise of religion. Lastly, the Court has continually reinforced the supremacy of the federal government over the states, in turn limiting the ability of the states to consider marijuana legislative reform. 相似文献
60.
Patrick Hayden 《Human Rights Review》2004,6(1):35-55
Conclusion The explicit articulation of a cosmopolitan conception of human security and a corresponding right to peace is a positive
development in global politics, inasmuch as it decenters the state in our understanding of the human community and delegitimizes
organized violence as the generally accepted means for the “continuation” of realist politics. I have argued that just war
theory, when defined in suitably narrow fashion, helps to contribute to our thinking on issues of human security in several
ways. First, it provides a stringent normative framework for a reasonable humanitarian justification of the resort to force.
Second, it enables us to conceptualize significant moral and legal constraints on war and thus on the powers of states to
wage war, thereby displacing the use of force from the statist paradigm of security. Third, it contributes to the delegitimation
of unjust wars, that is, military actions undertaken for any purposes other than human security. Fourth, insofar as it provides
a justificatory basis for the increasing demilitarization of society, it may influence the progressive and just pacification
of global politics.
As long as the types of human wrongs that present the gravest threats to human security continue to haunt the global community,
there remains a need to be able to respond effectively so as to protect the rights and well-being of individuals. This need
poses a genuine dilemma for humanitarian morality and politics, insofar as many of the military capabilities required to defend
and to aid vulnerable persons can also be the source of threats to human life and welfare. Yet the existence of this dilemma
need not lead us either to apathy or to cynicism. The nexus of human security, the right to peace, and just war theory offers
a resolution to the traditional security dilemma by challenging the realist rationale for aggressive militarism, and by supporting
the emergence of global security structures and processes guided by the humanitarian norms of just peace. *** DIRECT SUPPORT
*** A28BB021 00002 相似文献