论宗族势力对村民自治的影响及对策——重庆市C县G镇宗族势力实地调研分析

经过实地调研及访谈宗族势力比较突出的重庆市C县G镇的部分镇、村干部及村民,发现宗族势力已经成为影响制约村民自治进程的一大消极因素.宗族势力对村委选举的影响和对村务的干预现象,既有基于维护家族私益的内部根源,又有基于国家政权对乡村社会控制力弱化的外部根源.要限制宗族势力对村民自治的负面影响,就要推进城镇化进程,逐步削弱宗族观念;实行村务公开,防止宗族操控村务;转变乡镇政府职能,保障村民民主权利;发展农村社会中介组织,铲除宗族势力生存土壤.     

论警检关系的基本特征与发展趋势

尽管世界上几个主要国家的警检关系存在三大模式的分野,但各国警察机关和检察机关之间既存在形式上的分工关系,又具有实质上的合作关系,只不过三大模式的侧重点有所不同而已。大致说来,英美模式的侧重点在审判程序,而大陆模式、中俄模式的侧重点在审前程序。但从一些国家近年来的司法改革看,三大模式在相互吸收的基础上,警检关系开始出现紧密化的发展趋势。     

科学知识进化与科学合理性--波普科学合理性理论研究

科学合理性问题是科学哲学的核心问题。为此,科学哲学家们提出了各种合理性模型,试图澄清和解决这一难题。波普认为,科学研究的目的就是追求真理,科学发展是一个通过猜测与反驳而不断向真理进化的动态过程。     

China's consumer revolution: The 1990s and beyond

Since 1980 China's economic revolution has enabled more households to allocate labor to market‐related activities to earn more income. In 1992 an even greater surge in market economy growth took place when urban households began abandoning state‐related occupations and took their chances in the marketplace. The increase in consumer spending that followed reflects a new pattern of household spending for the first time in China since 1949: the share of spending for food relative to spending for other categories of goods and services is fast declining. This new trend, already strongly evident among high income‐earning households, is rapidly being replicated by other households as their incomes rise. During the 1990s new consumer patterns have emerged in the cities of the coastal provinces that strongly indicate that a consumer revolution is under way. This revolution has revived traditional gift‐giving between the Chinese people, thus facilitating the strengthening of their social, economic, and political ties and encouraging people to emphasize social and political stability.     

新型行政问责文化的构建

当前,行政问责在制度上得以不断完善,但在文化建设上却相对滞后,影响到行政问责的进一步推进。因此,建设新型行政问责文化成为一项迫切的任务。新型行政问责文化应以民主法治、共同参与和官员道德自律为目标选择,用正确的理念、完善的制度和深入的教育引导、塑造、培养新型行政问责文化。     

Local Context and Democratization in Mexico

While democratization is often seen as a national-level process, we argue that there is important scope for local effects. Through analysis of Mexican public opinion data collected on the eve of that country's historic 2000 elections, we demonstrate that local context greatly affects evaluations of the legitimacy of the system, and these evaluations, in turn, help to shape the willingness of citizens to engage with the system. Citizens are more willing to participate in politics if they think the process is fair, and direct evidence of the fairness of the system is provided by the local political context. This local connection, then, becomes critical in the process of individuals becoming, in Almond and Verba's classic term, "participatory" citizens (1963).     

试析文化全球化的现状与前景

当前,文化全球化在生活方式、风俗习惯、制度文化、科技教育、共同观念等方面都有了充分的表现,其深度和广度不断扩展,但也存在全球各文化力量严重失衡、全球交融限于外围、组织化程度不高等局限。同时,国际上存在的文化霸权主义、民族文化中心主义、宗教极端主义等,对文化全球化的进一步发展形成了制约。展望文化全球化的未来发展,以美国价值观实现全球文化的一元化不符合人类发展的共同利益,全球各文化的多元互补应是合理的选择。