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171.
Christopher Spera Kathryn R. Wentzel Holly C. Matto 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(8):1140-1152
This study examined parental aspirations for their children’s educational attainment in relation to ethnicity (African American,
Asian, Caucasian, Hispanic), parental education, children’s academic performance, and parental perceptions of the quality
and climate of their children’s school with a sample of 13,577 middle and high school parents. All parents had relatively
high educational aspirations for their children, and within each ethnic subgroup, parental education and children’s academic
performance were significantly and positively related to parental aspirations. However, moderating effects were found such
that Caucasian parents with lower levels of education had significantly lower educational aspirations for their children than
did parents of other ethnicities with similar low levels of education. Although the strength of the relationship between parental
perceptions of school-related factors and parental aspirations for their children’s educational attainment was not strong,
it was most predictive of non-Caucasian parental aspirations for their children.
相似文献
Christopher SperaEmail: |
172.
As research on adolescent crowds has increased over the past several decades, researchers appear to be confident in their
claims of the consequences of crowd membership, even suggesting targeted interventions. This review of the various methods
used to identify adolescents’ crowd membership suggests that this confidence may be misplaced. There are diverse methodologies
used in this research area that examine different samples of adolescents belonging to each crowd. Social-type rating methods,
self-identification methods, grouping by adolescent behaviors or characteristics, and ethnographic or other qualitative methods
should be accompanied by greater specificity in terminology to alert researchers to the various phenomena being studied (i.e.,
“reputational crowd,” “interactional crowd,” “behavioral crowd,” “affiliation crowd”). Additionally, studies comparing the
various self-identification approaches and peer ratings are needed, along with reliability studies of peer ratings. More attention
to specific methodology to determine crowd membership and its stability will aid the design of theoretical models of adolescent
crowds and contribute to developmental outcome research.
相似文献
Kathryn L. FletcherEmail: |
173.
Andres De Los Reyes Kimberly L. Goodman Wendy Kliewer Kathryn Reid-Quiñones 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(12):1417-1430
This study examined the longitudinal consistency of mother–child reporting discrepancies of parental monitoring and whether
these discrepancies predict children’s delinquent behaviors 2 years later. Participants included 335 mother/female-caregiver
and child (46% boys, >90% African American; age range 9–16 years [M = 12.11, SD = 1.60]) dyads living in moderate-to-high violence areas. Mother–child discrepancies were internally consistent
within multiple assessment points and across measures through a 2-year follow-up assessment. Further, mothers who at baseline
consistently reported higher levels of parental monitoring relative to their child had children who reported greater levels
of delinquent behaviors 2 years later, relative to mother–child dyads that did not evidence consistent discrepancies. This
finding could not be accounted for by baseline levels of the child’s delinquency, maternal and child emotional distress, or
child demographic characteristics. This finding was not replicated when relying on the individual reports of parental monitoring
to predict child delinquency, suggesting that mother–child reporting discrepancies provided information distinct from the
absolute frequency of reports. Findings suggest that mother–child discrepancies in reports of parental monitoring can be employed
as new individual differences measurements in developmental psychopathology research. 相似文献
174.
Shannon L. Michael Kathryn Wentzel Marc N. Elliott Patricia J. Dittus David E. Kanouse Jan L. Wallander Keryn E. Pasch Luisa Franzini Wendell C. Taylor Tariq Qureshi Frank A. Franklin Mark A. Schuster 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(1):15-29
Many young adolescents are dissatisfied with their body due to a discrepancy between their ideal and actual body size, which can lead to weight cycling, eating disorders, depression, and obesity. The current study examined the associations of parental and peer factors with fifth-graders’ body image discrepancy, physical self-worth as a mediator between parental and peer factors and body image discrepancy, and how these associations vary by child’s sex. Body image discrepancy was defined as the difference between young adolescents’ self-perceived body size and the size they believe a person their age should be. Data for this study came from Healthy Passages, which surveyed 5,147 fifth graders (51 % females; 34 % African American, 35 % Latino, 24 % White, and 6 % other) and their primary caregivers from the United States. Path analyses were conducted separately for boys and girls. The findings for boys suggest father nurturance and getting along with peers are related negatively to body image discrepancy; however, for girls, fear of negative evaluation by peers is related positively to body image discrepancy. For both boys and girls, getting along with peers and fear of negative evaluation by peers are related directly to physical self-worth. In addition, mother nurturance is related positively to physical self-worth for girls, and father nurturance is related positively to physical self-worth for boys. In turn, physical self-worth, for both boys and girls, is related negatively to body image discrepancy. The findings highlight the potential of parental and peer factors to reduce fifth graders’ body image discrepancy. 相似文献
175.
176.
L. Christian Elledge Anne Williford Aaron J. Boulton Kathryn J. DePaolis Todd D. Little Christina Salmivalli 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2013,42(5):698-710
Electronic social communication has provided a new context for children to bully and harass their peers and it is clear that cyberbullying is a growing public health concern in the US and abroad. The present study examined individual and contextual predictors of cyberbullying in a sample of 16, 634 students in grades 3–5 and 7–8. Data were obtained from a large cluster-randomized trial of the KiVa antibullying program that occurred in Finland between 2007 and 2009. Students completed measures at pre-intervention assessing provictim attitudes (defined as children’s beliefs that bullying is unacceptable, victims are acceptable, and defending victims is valued), perceptions of teachers’ ability to intervene in bullying, and cyberbullying behavior. Students with higher scores on provictim attitudes reported lower frequencies of cyberbullying. This relationship was true for individual provictim attitudes as well as the collective attitudes of students within classrooms. Teachers’ ability to intervene assessed at the classroom level was a unique, positive predictor of cyberbullying. Classrooms in which students collectively considered their teacher as capable of intervening to stop bullying had higher mean levels of cyberbullying frequency. Our findings suggest that cyberbullying and other indirect or covert forms of bullying may be more prevalent in classrooms where students collectively perceive their teacher’s ability to intervene in bullying as high. We found no evidence that individual or contextual effects were conditional on age or gender. Implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
177.
This paper analyzes the politics and struggles ongoing within wildlife management areas (WMAs) in Tanzania to discuss the dynamics of neoliberalization of the wildlife sector. We discuss neoliberalization as a new political-economic context within which the ongoing politics of natural resource management are played out, and focus on green grabbing as an expression of these politics. We discuss how local-level actors are engaged in these processes, often in strategic ways, to negotiate their roles within WMAs and address green grabbing by the state. Secondly, we discuss an example of the politics of land control and local-level actors’ enactment of accumulation by dispossession within a WMA. 相似文献
178.
Kathryn Kish Sklar 《Women's history review》2013,22(1):95-101
This article traces the founding and development of an online journal, Women and Social Movements in the United States, 1600–2000 (WASM), which Sklar & Dublin began editing in 2003. A quarterly journal, a database, and a website, WASM publishes edited collections of primary documents and full‐text sources that focus on the history of women and social activism in the United States. The journal’s editors discuss their experience in launching the journal and reach out to scholars in the UK to expand the transnational and comparative dimensions of the project. 相似文献
179.
180.