Explaining a paradox of mediation

Negotiation Journal -     

The Fourteenth Amendment and symbolic legality

This article examines several key tensions in thesymbolic legality or social representation of our society's core legal values. It argues that present Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence ignores the realities of contemporary social life and serves up ineffective due process protections as poor substitutes for genuine or meaningful equal protection remedies. By documenting the importance situation and context and verifying the limits of due process, social science data underscore the rift between social reality and equal protection rhetoric and thereby increase existing tensions in the symbolic legality.     

Intergovernmental Challenges of the 1984 Olympic Games

Planning and managing the 1984 Olympic Games presented uniquefinancial and intergovernmental challenges for city officialsin Los Angeles, but governmental cooperation and an innovativepublic/private partnership to finance and run the Games provedto be successful. Under strict restrictions against spendinglocal tax dollars, the City of Los Angeles assigned managementof the Games to a non-profit committee which raised privatefunds to finance the Games. In cooperation with surroundingjurisdictions and the federal government, the city providedkey services (such as police and fire protection, transportationplanning, and visitor services) under contract to the OlympicCommittee and used two Olympic-related taxes to pay for theseservices, with the Olympic Committee paying for additional expenses.The 1984 Olympics resulted in an estimated economic impact of$3.3 billion on Southern California and left Los Angeles witha number of new and refurbished sports and cultural facilities.Moreover, the Olympic Organizing Committee accrued a surplusof over $215 million, 40 percent of which was targeted to benefityouth sports organizations in southern California.     

Micromethod for the detection of erythrocyte antigens in blood stains

A micromethod was developed to allow the analysis of blood stains of minor size by the absorption elution technique. The individual absorption, washing, and elution steps were carried out in Beckman tubes containing 5 microliter antiserum. The final agglutination reaction was read through the inverted microscope in microtest plates regularly used for HLA typing. For this final reaction, 2-4 microliter eluate was incubated with 2,000 red blood cells suspended in 1 microliter saline and supplement. For the purpose of standardization, the intensity of agglutination in the microtest plate had to be defined. In comparison to the standard method (tube test and centrifugation), the proposed method proved to be slightly more sensitive with regard to the Rhesus and slightly less sensitive with regard to the AB0 system. With the proposed method very small traces could be successfully analyzed. Thus, two cotton threads 1 mm in length were sufficient for testing antigens A and B, and two cotton threads 2.5 mm in length were enough to detect an Rh antigen.