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261.
Japan was more dependent upon ocean shipping than any other major power during World War II, and the sea route had been the
only means of transportation between Korea and Japan. The connecting steamers contributed to Japan’s wartime economy by transporting
not only raw materials, but also forced laborers and sex slaves between Korea and Japan. More importantly, these connecting
steamers were linked to railroads and land routes in Korea and were connected to various systems of transportation, including
merchant ships and regular liners outside Japan. In this paper, we examine how Korean laborers and sex slaves were mobilized
and transported from Korea to Japan during World War II by focusing on the interdependent relations between railroad-connecting
ships and a travel agency.
Edward T. Chang is professor of Ethnic Studies and the former director of the Center for Asian Pacific America at the University of California, Riverside. Chang is considered one of the foremost interpreters of the Los Angeles civil unrest and race relations. He has lectured on the topics of Korean-African American Relations and the Los Angeles civil unrest at many universities around the country. Chang is the author of several books including Ethnic Peace in the American City: Community Building in Los Angeles and Beyond, Following the Footsteps of Korean Americans, Asian American, and Who African Americans Are. Min Young Kim is Professor at the School of Economics and International Trade of Kunsan National University of Korea and a former visiting research scholar of the Department of Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Riverside. He earned his B.A. (1984) and M.A. (1986) in Economics and Ph.D. (1991) in Economic History at Chonnam National University of Korea. Professor Kim’s research interests include the Korea-Japan relations and Japanese Koreans, colonial immigration of Koreans, forced labour and its redress, and transportation of comfort women. Kim is the author of several books including The Study on the Exploitation of Korean Forced Labourers in the Japanese Colonial Period [in Korean] (1995; Hanul Press). 相似文献
Edward T. ChangEmail: |
Edward T. Chang is professor of Ethnic Studies and the former director of the Center for Asian Pacific America at the University of California, Riverside. Chang is considered one of the foremost interpreters of the Los Angeles civil unrest and race relations. He has lectured on the topics of Korean-African American Relations and the Los Angeles civil unrest at many universities around the country. Chang is the author of several books including Ethnic Peace in the American City: Community Building in Los Angeles and Beyond, Following the Footsteps of Korean Americans, Asian American, and Who African Americans Are. Min Young Kim is Professor at the School of Economics and International Trade of Kunsan National University of Korea and a former visiting research scholar of the Department of Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Riverside. He earned his B.A. (1984) and M.A. (1986) in Economics and Ph.D. (1991) in Economic History at Chonnam National University of Korea. Professor Kim’s research interests include the Korea-Japan relations and Japanese Koreans, colonial immigration of Koreans, forced labour and its redress, and transportation of comfort women. Kim is the author of several books including The Study on the Exploitation of Korean Forced Labourers in the Japanese Colonial Period [in Korean] (1995; Hanul Press). 相似文献
262.
Crumé Henry Joel Nurius Paula S. Kim Bo-Kyung Elizabeth Logan-Greene Patricia 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(6):1098-1113
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Strong school engagement is crucial for school success among adolescents and particularly important for reducing recidivism. Yet, little is known about school... 相似文献
263.
Chen Shanting Jelsma Elizabeth Hou Yang Benner Aprile Kim Su Yeong 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(12):2412-2426
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Parents and adolescents often have different views regarding parental racial socialization practices; however, studies documenting such discrepancies remain... 相似文献
264.
This essay is a study of China's political corruption and countermeasure for it. The author will focus on the cultural factors and the incompleteness of the market economy because these show us the reason why the corruption became severe after the initiation of the economic reform. The author will move on to search a solution within the field of political reform. The author will deal with the problem by two approaches. The first one is to focus on the democratization and the second one is to focus on the political institutionalization. The goal of the author's analysis is to examine which approach will work as a proper solution. The author's argument is that institutionalization will be the better one. The author will outline the grounds briefly. Firstly, unlike democratization, this solution shows possibility of realization. Secondly, political institutionalization has its own value of political development which was not considered sufficiently before. And finally there are advantages of strengthened accountability and limit discretion. To consolidate the author's argument the author will use Hong Kong's case where have been successfully controlled the problem by political institutionalization. 相似文献
265.
Su Yeong Kim Yang Hou Jiaxiu Song Seth J. Schwartz Shanting Chen Minyu Zhang Krista M. Perreira Deborah Parra-Medina 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2018,47(8):1629-1648
Adolescents from Mexican immigrant families are often embedded in a challenging social environment and experience multiple contextual stressors, including economic stress, discrimination, and foreigner stress. We consider how the effects of these contextual stressors may be amplified or diminished for adolescents who function as language brokers, interpreting and mediating for their English-limited parents. Using two waves of survey data collected from a sample (N?=?604 at Wave 1; N?=?483 at Wave 2) of Mexican American adolescents with ages ranging from 11 to 15 (Mage?=?12.41, 54% female), four distinct brokering—stress profiles were identified. Latent profile analyses revealed that with moderate levels of contextual stress, adolescents with more positive language brokering experiences (protective group) demonstrated more favorable outcomes than those with neutral language brokering experiences (moderate group) and those who did not involve themselves as frequently in language brokering activities (less-involved group). In contrast, high levels of contextual stress, coupled with more negative language brokering experiences (risk group), produced the least favorable outcomes among adolescents. 相似文献
266.
Robert D. Latzman Kim L. Gratz John Young Laurie J. Heiden John D. Damon Terry L. Hight 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(3):270-280
Despite the clinical relevance of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) among youth, little is known about the subset
of youth most at-risk for SITB. This study examined the moderating roles of gender, racial/ethnic background, and school-level
(and their interactions) on rates of SITB within a large (N = 2638, 52.2% female), ethnically-diverse sample of middle- and high-school youth in a relatively poor and underserved area
of the Southern United States. Extending extant research in this area, findings indicated a significant interaction between
gender and race for self-injurious behaviors, with African–American boys reporting higher rates than all other groups. Findings
also indicated significant interactions between school-level and both gender and race for self-injurious thoughts. Whereas
comparable levels of self-injurious thoughts were reported across middle- and high-schools for girls and African–American
youth, the frequency of these thoughts was higher among both boys and White students in high-school (vs. middle-school). Results
highlight the need for further research on SITB among diverse youth in underserved areas. 相似文献
267.
Shiying Deng Su Yeong Kim Phillip W. Vaughan Jing Li 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(9):1027-1040
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among Chinese American adolescents’ discrimination experiences,
cultural orientations, and delinquent behaviors. Data were collected from three hundred and eleven Chinese American adolescents
(58% girls) and their parents when the adolescents were 7th or 8th graders and again 4 years later. The data analyses demonstrated
that adolescents’ perceptions of discrimination and victimization experiences were significantly related to their delinquent
behaviors conditionally based upon their cultural orientation. Specifically, adolescents’ high Chinese cultural orientation
amplified the negative impact of discriminatory experiences on delinquent behaviors whereas high Western cultural orientation
protected them against that impact. The significance of both ethnic and mainstream cultural orientations for understanding
ethnic minority adolescents’ adjustment and improving their adjustment outcomes is discussed. 相似文献
268.
269.
Daesh fighters have taken hostage over 100 foreigners in Syria, Iraq, and elsewhere since 2012. The kidnappings drew international attention in August 2014, when American journalist James Foley was decapitated and a video of his death was posted online. But the pattern of kidnappings and gruesome videos distributed by violent Salafi-jihadists extends back over a decade to the killing of Daniel Pearl in 2002. This article traces shifts in the strategic rationale of Al Qaeda and Daesh for beheading Western hostages. It argues that terrorists altered their calculations on foreign hostages beginning in 2012 and U.S. counterterrorism policy does not take these shifts into account. 相似文献
270.
When the European Union was founded, it was assumed that all Member States admitted as consolidated democracies would maintain their constitutional commitments. In recent years, Hungary and Poland have challenged this premise as elected autocratic governments in those countries have captured independent institutions and threatened long-term democracy. The judiciaries of these countries have been hard hit. In this paper, we trace what has happened to the judiciaries in Hungary and Poland, showing how first the constitutional courts and then the ordinary judiciary have been brought under the control of political forces so that there is no longer a separation of law and politics. We also explore why the European Union has so far not been able to stop this process. In the end, the European judiciary, particularly the Court of Justice, is attempting a rescue of national judiciaries, but the results are so far unclear. 相似文献