Constructing Population Control: Social and Material Factors in Norm Emergence and Diffusion

To demonstrate that norms have independent causal power, constructivists de-emphasise material factors related to state interests and highlight social factors. Similarly, they conceptualise international organisations as autonomous from state influence, and focus on cases featuring non-state actors that stimulate a “tipping point” of norm diffusion among states in advance of state sponsorship. By contrast, this article utilises an historical materialist approach that admits both social and material data to examine the contrasting case of population control. It finds that US corporate foundations, eugenist demographers, feminist birth control activists and related NGOs conceptualised and promoted population control in the United States, at the United Nations, and across developing countries. However, the tipping point of norm diffusion occurred only after the United States publicly advocated population control. Indeed, material and social factors were inextricably bound together.     

也谈"中国威胁论"

形形色色的"中国威胁论" 近十几年来,随着中国经济的快速发展,综合国力的迅速提升,中国在国际事务中发挥的作用日趋明显,国外特别是西方一些国家的敌对势力肆意攻击、丑化、歪曲中国改革开放以来取得的经济和社会成就,大肆渲染中国威胁,致使"中国威胁论"在全球范围内此起彼伏,颇有一种"野火烧不尽,春风吹又生"的势头.     

预售商品房按揭法律问题初探

预售商品房按揭行为大量出现在商品房买卖中,分清该行为的法律性质,研究清楚其真正的法律内涵,对于解决此类问题存在的风险,并进一步完善我国预售商品房按揭法律制度具有非常重要的意义。     

国际形势走势

2006年,国际格局调整加快,世界热点问题升温,大国协调进一步展开,中国外交硕果累累。2007年,世界将进入深度调整,国际形势总体趋向缓和,但局部紧张可能加剧,尤其是伊朗核问题有可能升级,中国外交则在面对新机遇的同时有可能遭遇更复杂的挑战。鉴此,《现代国际关系》编辑部于2007年1月6日举办“2007年国际大势前瞻”研讨会,特别邀请30多位京内外专家学者在总结、回顾2006年国际形势的基础上,着重对2007年国际形势及中国外交的变化趋势进行前瞻性分析。现将研讨会主要观点辑录如下,以期有助于读者更准确把握国际形势走向。     

试析外观设计的法律保护模式

外观设计是设计人的智力劳动成果,也具有极强的市场价值,应受法律的保护。在普遍保护外观设计的前提下,各国因对外观设计属技术与艺术共同体之特性的认识不同,采用各种不同的法律模式保护外观设计。我国对外观设计的法律保护模式并不完善,应予健全。     

创新社会治理机制：从单方强制到多元协作

创新社会治理机制是社会主义和谐社会建设的重要内容。我国计划经济时期的社会治理机制具有单方性、强制性和索取性的特点。新时期,创新社会治理机制应该实现三个方面的转变:在治理理念上实现从"索取"到"服务"的转变,在社会治理主体上实现从单方到多元的转变,在社会治理方式上实现从强制到协作的转变。     

Radiographic demonstration of esophageal and tracheal fistulas at autopsy using a contrasting medium that vulcanizes at room temperature

Esophageal and tracheal fistulas, which occur in 0.05% of medicolegal autopsies, were demonstrated in three cases by a postmortem radiographic technique using silicone rubber/lead oxide as a contrasting medium that vulcanizes at room temperature. In one 83-year-old male, a tracheoesophageal fistula was detected, which had developed after surgical repair of an esophageal rupture caused by a flexible fiberoptic endoscope. In a second case, carcinoma of the esophagus in a 78-year-old male had eroded the trachea and arcus of the aorta creating a fatal tracheoesophagoaortic fistula. In a third case, 55-year-old female developed a tracheobrachicephalic artery fistula as a result of an infiltrating cystic adenocarcinoma of the trachea, resulting in a fatal hemorrhage into the trachea. The results of this study indicate that diagnostic radiologic methods using a vulcanized contrasting medium are useful in supplementing normal dissection in autopsy cases with suspected fistulas of the esophagus or trachea.     

日本EPA战略及"10+6"推进计划

日本全面推进东亚EPA战略.选择该战略是因为日本从EPA缔约中更易获得规则的制定权,因此日本通过"10 6"计划逐层推进其EPA战略.中国则应依照自身节奏有序推进东亚区域合作的进程.     

中国经济奇迹的福祸论——对两篇关于中国对非洲影响方面文章的评介

近年来,随着“中国经济奇迹”越来越多地受到世界关注,关于中国对世界影响的文章也纷纷出炉,所谓的“中国威胁论”就是各种论说中具有代表性的一种。此外,针对中国经济发展模式,又先后出现了“北京共识(Bei-jing Consensus)”、“北京经验”和中国模式(China’s Mode)等等说法。本文简要归纳和介绍两篇从经济学角度评述中国经济奇迹影响的文章,并对其中若干观点进行必要的评价,旨在使中国读者从中窥见西方学者关注中国发展的不同角度,从而澄清有关事实,并加深中外人士之间的沟通和理解。一詹金斯(Rhys Jenkins)是英国东安格里亚大学(UEA…     

邓小平民主党派监督思想探析

民主党派的监督是民主党派作为参政党的根本职能,是我国监督体系的有机组成部分.邓小平关于发挥民主党派监督作用有诸多论述,言辞恳切,用心良苦,是邓小平依法治国思想中民主监督思想之奇葩.深入学习领会邓小平关于加强民主党派监督思想,对充分发挥民主党派监督作用,对贯彻落实科学发展观,对推进政治文明建设,对提高党的执政能力和执政水平具有重要意义.