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801.
Christopher A. Thurber Marge M. Scanlin Leslie Scheuler Karla A. Henderson 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(3):241-254
Three thousand, three hundred and ninety-five families, whose child attended one of 80 different day or resident summer camps
for at least one week, completed customized questionnaires that measured growth from precamp to postcamp in four domains:
Positive Identity, Social Skills, Physical & Thinking Skills, and Positive Values & Spirituality. Parents, children, and camp
staff reported significant positive change in these four domains; more than would be expected by maturation alone. Most gains
were maintained or showed additional growth six months later. Few of the camp's structural elements correlated with growth,
nor did striking gender, age, or ethnicity differences emerge. The study highlights the particular strengths of camp as an
educational institution and social movement and suggests that different variations of summer camp can provide potent developmental
experiences.
Christopher A. Thurber is full-time faculty at Phillips Exeter Academy in Exeter, New
Hampshire. He received his PhD in clinical psychology from the University of California, Los
Angeles, in 1997. His major research interests include homesickness, youth camping, and
developmental psychopathology.
Margery M. Scanlin is the Executive Officer for Research at the American Camp Association in
Martinsville, Indiana. She received her EdD from Temple University in Philadelphia, PA, in
1982. Her major research interests include youth development outcomes, program improvement
in youth organizations, and organizational aspects of effective camps.
Leslie Scheuler Whitaker is a Senior Associate with Philliber Research Associates in St. Louis,
Missouri. She received her PhD in social science research from Washington University in St.
Louis in 2000. Her primary research areas include youth development, arts education, and
program evaluation.
Karla A. Henderson is a professor in the Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism at North
Carolina State University. She received her PhD in education from the University of Minnesota
in 1979 and is currently a member of the American Camp Association Board of Directors. Her
research interests include leisure behavior theory, camping and outdoor education, and gender
and diversity issues. 相似文献
802.
803.
Unmet mental health need is a significant problem for adolescents. Although stigma is identified as a major barrier to the
use of mental health services among youth, there is limited research on this topic. In-depth interviews (n=57) among a sample of 8th grade students in a suburban, mid-Atlantic community portray adolescent mental health attitudes
and how these views are shaped. Satisfactory personal experiences with mental health services as well as accurate mental health
knowledge contribute to positive mental health attitudes among teens. The anticipation of negative responses towards mental
health care-seeking from family members, peers, and school staff are key factors in teens’ comfort and willingness to address
mental health concerns. The research provides critical information on the factors that contribute to the development of stigma
and emphasizes the need to address stigma in youth mental health education, programs, and treatment plans.
Authors are affiliated with the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population and Family Health
Sciences. Dr. Chandra has a background in adolescent health, and is particularly interested in improving the accessibility
and appropriateness of youth mental health services and involving young people in the translation of research into practice.
Dr. Minkovitz is interested in improving preventive service delivery, enhancing quality of care, and understanding maternal
factors that influence children’s receipt of health care 相似文献
804.
Marvella A. Bowman Hazel M. Prelow Scott R. Weaver 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):517-527
The aim of the present study was to examine a model positing that association with deviant peers mediates the relation between
adolescent perceived parenting behaviors (maternal monitoring and involvement), the interaction of these parenting behaviors,
and delinquency in a sample of 135 urban African American adolescents (13–19 years of age). Regression analyses revealed a
monitoring by involvement interaction among African American females, suggesting that maternal monitoring may effectively
reduce delinquency among African American female adolescents, and that this reduction may be enhanced by increased maternal
involvement. Among African American males, only the relation between association with deviant peers and delinquency was supported,
suggesting that maternal parenting behaviors may, in isolation, be insufficient in the prevention of delinquent behaviors
in African American male adolescents. The results suggest that the pathways from parenting to association with deviant peers
and delinquency may differ in males and females, and the salience of certain parenting behaviors may differ across gender.
This article is based on research that was submitted by the first author in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the
master’s degree in psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York. Support for this research was provided
by a Faculty Research Award to the second author.
Doctoral student in the Clinical Psychology Program at the University at Albany, State University of New York. Her major research
interests include risk and resiliency processes in minority youth and measurement equivalence of risk and resiliency constructs.
Assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York. She received
her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from the University of North Texas. Her major research interests are ecocultural models of
risk and resiliency in minority youth and measurement equivalence of risk and resiliency constructs.
Post-doctoral fellow with the Prevention Research Center at Arizona State University. He received his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology
from the University at Albany, State University of New York. His major research interests are ecocultural models of risk and
resiliency in children, preventive intervention development for diverse children, and quantitative methodology and applications
in developmental and cross-cultural psychology. 相似文献
805.
Michael Rutter 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(1):101-110
Daniel Offer’s seminal writings in the 1960s led to a realization that normal adolescence was not characterized by turmoil
and upheaval, the then prevailing view that derived from studies of clinical samples. In this paper, the research findings
that have appeared over the last four decades are reviewed with respect to the overall features of adolescence, the psychopathological
changes in the teenage years, brain development during adolescence and neuroendocrine changes. The possible pathways involved
in adolescent transitions are considered with respect to depression, drug use/abuse, antisocial behavior, schizophrenia and
suicidal behavior. Conclusions are drawn on the operation of a range of multi-step causal pathways and implications for policy
and practice are discussed.
Michael Rutter’s epidemiological studies into adolescence were much influenced by Daniel Offer’s concepts and findings. Although
the two of them never worked together Daniel Offer was a mentor at a distance. Michael Rutter’s research interests have particularly
concerned the need to integrate social, genetic and developmental research perspectives and, amongst other things, this has
led to a major interest in the phenomenon of resilience. 相似文献
806.
Jeanette Taylor Irene J. Elkins Lisa Legrand Dawn Peuschold William G. Iacono 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(8):1048-1057
This study examined the construct validity of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) diagnosed in adolescence. Boys and girls
were grouped by history of DSM-III-R conduct disorder (CD) and ASPD: Controls (n=340) had neither diagnosis; CD Only (n=77) had CD by age 17 but no ASPD through age 20; Adolescent ASPD (n = 64) had ASPD by age 17. The Adolescent ASPD group was then compared to 20 young adult men who met criteria for ASPD (ASPD group). As expected, the Adolescent ASPD group had significantly more depression and substance use disorders, a greater performance>verbal IQ discrepancy, more deviant
peers, and poorer academic functioning than the CD Only group and Controls. The Adolescent ASPD and ASPD groups did not differ on most variables. Results support the construct validity of Adolescent ASPD and suggest that such a diagnosis could help identify adolescents at risk for persistent antisocial behavior.
Jeanette Taylor is an Assistant Professor at Florida State University. She received her Ph.D. in 1999 from the University
of Minnesota. Her research examines biological, cognitive, and environmental influences on personality disorders and substance
use disorders.
Irene J. Elkins is a Co-investigator at the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research. She received her Ph.D. in 1993
from the University of Kansas and is a member of the Society for Research on Psychopathology. Her major research interests
include the relationship of personality, ADHD, and antisocial behavior to substance abuse, as well as gene-environment interrelationships.
Lisa Legrand is a Research Associate with the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research at the University of Minnesota.
She received her Ph.D. in 2003 from the University of Minnesota. Her major research interests include gene-environment interplay
in the development of externalizing psychopathology.
Dawn Peuschold is a Senior Clinical Forensic Psychologist at the Hennepin Country District Court and an instructor at the
University of Minnesota. She completed a post-doctoral fellowship in forensic psychology at the University of Massachusetts
Medical School after receiving her Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the University of Minnesota. She is interested in risk
factors for reoffense in juveniles.
William G. Iacono is a Distinguished McKnight University Professor at the University of Minnesota, the institution from which
he received his Ph.D. in psychology. He conducts longitudinal studies of adolescent twins and adoptees aimed at understanding
the development of adult adjustment and mental health. 相似文献
807.
Hazel M. Prelow Alexandra Loukas Lisa Jordan-Green 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):465-476
The direct and mediated effects of socioenvironmental risk on internalizing and externalizing problems among Latino youth
aged 10–14 were examined using prospective analyses. Participants in this study were 464 Latino mother and child dyads surveyed
as part of the Welfare, Children & Families: A Three City Study. It was hypothesized that socioenvironmental risk (i.e., maternal psychological distress, maternal parenting stress, neighborhood
disadvantage, and perceived financial strain) would influence later adolescent adjustment by interrupting important family
processes and interfering with opportunities for adolescents to develop appropriate social competence. Using path analyses,
the mediational model was compared across high and low acculturation groups. With two exceptions, the models for the high
and low acculturation groups were equivalent. Results supported a mediated effect between early socioenvironmental risk and
later adjustment problems for the low acculturation group through family routines and adolescent social competence. Among
families high in acculturation, socioenvironmental risk effects were partially mediated through family routines and adolescent
social competence. Finally, a path from gender to maternal monitoring was present in the low acculturation group model but
not the high acculturation group model.
Assistant professor at the University at Albany, State University of New York. She received her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology
from the University of North Texas. Her major research interests are risk and resiliency processes in minority youth.
Assistant professor at the University of Texas at Austin. She received her Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology from Michigan
State University. Her major research interests are the effects of microenvironmental factors in the externalizing and internalizing
behaviors of European American and Latino youth.
Assistant professor at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. She received her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Michigan
State University. Her major research interests are risk and protective factors in children and adolescents at-risk because
of parental substance abuse. 相似文献
808.
Michael A. Busseri Teena Willoughby Heather Chalmers 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(3):279-289
A large volume of research has investigated interrelations among adolescent risk behaviors. Although several theoretical accounts
have been proposed, researchers have not directly examined hypotheses for why risk behaviors are linked. In the present paper, a distinction is drawn between predictive factors that explain variance
in risk behaviors and “linkage factors” which may provide an explanation for why risk behaviors are interrelated. The relevance
of linkage factors to risk behavior research, theory, and practice is described. Further, a simple to use and easy to interpret
analytic technique for exploring linkage-related issues is illustrated. Using this technique, hypotheses regarding the role
of predictors in explaining linkages among risk behaviors can be tested directly. The proposed line of inquiry will provide
valuable input for intervention efforts and theoretically relevant information concerning linkages among adolescent risk behaviors.
Research Associate at the Brock Research Institute for Youth Studies at Brock University, Ontario, Canada. He received his
M.A. in Clinical Psychology from the University of North Dakota. His major research interests are adolescent risk behavior
involvement and youth activity involvement as a context for positive development.
Professor in the Department of Child and Youth Studies at Brock University, Ontario, Canada. She received her Ph.D. in Developmental
Psychology from the University of Waterloo. Her major research interests include adolescent risk taking and resilience, including
academic underachievement and media/technology influences on lifestyle choices and learning.
Assistant Professor in the Department of Child and Youth Studies at Brock University, Ontario, Canada. She received her Ph.D.
in Developmental Psychology from Brock University. Her major research interests are adolescent risk-behavior involvement,
particularly related to gambling, and risk and resilience. 相似文献
809.
Michael A. Neblo 《Swiss Political Science Review》2007,13(4):527-557
Interdisciplinary deliberative research has grown tremendously over the last decade. Theorists are attending more carefully to the findings of empirical research. And empiricists are framing their research in ways that are tailored to track normative‐theoretical concerns. The recent surge in empirical work on deliberation, however, has led to a huge proliferation of research designs, general measurement strategies, operational criteria, and even definitions of the phenomenon. The diversity in these approaches has become sufficiently great that it seems worthwhile to step back and take stock lest the expanding deliberative research community dissipate its energies in an ironic lack of effective communication across theoretical and methodological approaches. I survey the main sources of theoretical diversity among normative theories of deliberation, along with the diversity of basic strategies for measuring deliberation that follow from them. 相似文献
810.
Michael Clarke 《澳大利亚政治与历史杂志》2007,53(4):581-599
In the context of the ongoing international debate concerning the efficacy or otherwise of the NPT and IAEA in preventing or managing nuclear proliferation, Australia's undertaking to enter a nuclear cooperation agreement with the People's Republic of China (PRC), once identified as a “strategic competitor” of Australia's major alliance partner the United States (US), suggests that Australia's approach to proliferation issues is being re-evaluated. This paper argues, utilising an analysis of the relationship between the evolving US approach to nuclear issues and Australian policy, that the Howard government's evolving approach to nuclear issues can be characterised as an attempt to balance the competing imperatives of maintaining Australia's reputation as a nuclear non-proliferation standard bearer, regional strategic and economic considerations and the weight of the Australia-US alliance. 相似文献