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101.
Lea R. Ayers 《Social Justice Research》1992,5(3):223-238
Using data obtained through a separate study, interviews with women of color associated with and involved in the development of an affirmative action (AA) program were analyzed in light of Tyler's theories of procedural justice. Interviews were examined for respondents' implicit or explicit judgments of AA as fair or unfair in principle and in practice, and whether respondents used Tyler's six elements of justice criteria (representation, consistency, impartiality, accuracy, correctibility, and ethicality) in their assessments. Tyler's criteria are used by the respondents in their assessments. Beneficiaries perceive AA to be fair in both contexts, although fairer in principle than in practice. The issue of commitment was raised in several contexts as a salient concern of many of the respondents, and several concrete examples of deficiencies and successes in the ways AA is implemented are reported. 相似文献
102.
Although procedural justice has been a key predictor of police legitimacy, recent findings illustrate that other factors influence this outcome (i.e., low self-control and ethnic identity). However, no research to date has evaluated whether individual-level informal social controls impact police legitimacy evaluations. Survey data are used to examine the influence of parental attachment, school commitment and procedural justice on perceived police legitimacy. While procedural justice significantly predicted legitimacy evaluations, no significant relationships were observed between parental attachment, school commitment and police legitimacy. The effects of procedural justice on legitimacy assessments, however, were modestly significantly moderated by parental attachment and school commitment. To maintain legitimacy, police officers should interact with citizens in procedurally fair manners. These results should also be of value concerning how parents and schools legally socialize adolescents. 相似文献
103.
Tessa Sieswerda‐Hoogendoorn M.D. M.Sc. Anne S. Strik Nick F. J. Hilgersom Vidija Soerdjbalie‐Maikoe M.D. Ph.D. Rick R. van Rijn M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(2):559-563
Postmortem computed tomography (CT) is increasingly being used as a tool in forensic pathology. The exact value of postmortem imaging in detecting specific conditions has not yet been established, but in specific cases, it can be used as a diagnostic tool demonstrating findings that remain undetected during autopsy, as in this case. Pneumomediastinum and soft tissue emphysema were detected with postmortem CT in a 3‐year‐old girl after hanging. It was not found during autopsy. This radiological finding matches 3 adult cases previously described. It is assumed that in this case, the first reported in a child, hanging was the most likely cause as well. In the adult cases, it was interpreted as a vital sign; the person must have been alive to create a pressure gradient causing rupture of the alveoli. This case demonstrates one of the added values of postmortem imaging, the possibility of demonstrating findings that remain undetected during autopsy. 相似文献
104.
Annette Hastings Nick Bailey Glen Bramley Robert Croudace David Watkins 《Local Government Studies》2013,39(2):203-223
There is a longstanding concern about middle-class capture of the benefits of public service provision, although relatively little evidence exists on the exact nature of any advantage or on the processes by which this comes about. Using a framework developed from Gal (J. Gal, 1998. Formulating the Matthew Principle: on the role of the middle-classes in the welfare state. Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 7, 42–55), and via two case studies of street cleansing services in the UK, the article explores the ways in which middle-class service users assert influence in relation to service design, resource allocation and practice on the ground. It explores how urban managers respond to middle-class influence, revealing the ways in which influence is accommodated and the benefits of this to middle-class service users. It also evidences how urban managers attempt to resist aspects of middle-class advantage, and the challenges such resistance presents. The article concludes that the need to ‘manage’ middle-class influence permeates the routine institutional policies and practices of this key public service. 相似文献
105.
Nick Deshpande 《冲突和恐怖主义研究》2013,36(1):36-44
Several states have had to cope with pyro-terrorism aimed at their forest systems. This method of attack—the ignition of forest fires—harms a valuable natural resource and threatens human population and infrastructure. By adopting specific risk management practices authorities will be better prepared to address this asymmetric, yet rational, threat should it materialize. Prevention and deterrence based on vulnerability assessments would assist officials mitigate risks associated with forest-targeted pyro-terrorism. Given the unique nature and rarity of the threat, responses should be based on separate policies rather than drawn from a modern counterterrorism strategy and may call for engagement at a local level. 相似文献
106.
The study of desistance from crime has come of age in recent years, and there are now several, competing theories to account for the ability of long-term offenders to abstain from criminal behavior. Most prominently, recent explanations have borrowed elements from informal social control theory, differential association theory and cognitive psychology. In the following, we argue that labeling theory may be a neglected factor in understanding the desistance process. Drawing on interview data collected as part of a study of an offender reintegration program, we illustrate how the idea of the “looking-glass self-concept” and others is a useful metaphor in understanding the process of rehabilitation or recovery in treatment programs. 相似文献
107.
The focus of this article is on the pilot development and implementation of a prison-based intensive treatment programme for high-risk adult-victim rape offenders in New Zealand. Advances in actuarial risk assessment enabled the identification of a group of high-risk adult sex offenders for whom no dedicated treatment programme existed. Based on a review of the treatment literature for rapists, a pilot programme was developed called the Adult Sex Offender Treatment Programme (ASOTP). The programme, based on the risk–need–responsivity and cognitive behavioural therapy principles, also used an adaptation of Young's schema therapy to address personality responsivity issues and specific idiosyncratic schema associated with participant offence pathways identified by the Massachusetts Treatment Centre classification (Version 3 for rapists). Measures of responsivity and dynamic risk administered in the ASOTP indicated some success in addressing treatment needs for the pilot participants (n=10). The programme has subsequently been expanded across prison specialist treatment unit sites and delivered to a further 52 participants. Although intermediate measures continue to indicate change in dynamic risk, recidivism outcome evaluations have not yet been possible, due to low numbers of paroled participants. 相似文献
108.
Nick Compton 《北京周报(英文版)》2013,56(31):48
I remember the scene vividly:Late last year,I was eating lunch with a Chinese friend who was obviously upset.When I met her at the gate of the student canteen,she tried her best to make small talk,but something was clearly wrong.Her head hung low,her eyes were glued to the floor,and she 相似文献
109.
Taking stock of dead people: Argentina's reflections on the ‘Dirty War’ years A State of Fear: Memories of Argentina's Nightmare. Andrew Graham‐Yooll, London: Eland. 1986. 180pp. £9.95hb/£4.95pb Requiem for a Woman's Soul. Omar Rivabella, London: Penguin. 1986. 116pp. £2.95pb The Duke: Memories and Antimemories of a Participant in the Repression. Enrique Medina, London: Zed. 1985. 120pp. £8.95hb/£3.95pb The Shadow by the Door. Gerardo Di Masso, London: Zed. 1986. 96pp. £8.95hb/£3.95pb The Long Night of Frncisco Sanctis. Humberto Costantini, London: Fontana. 1985. 184pp. £3.50pb Caribbean contrasts Frangipani House. Beryl Gilroy, 1986. 111pp. £3.50pb Apata: The Story of a Reluctant Criminal. Harold A Bascom, 1986. 279pp. £3.95pb Beka Lamb. Zee Edgell, 1986. 171pp. £3.50pb The Wine of Astonishment. Earl Lovelace, 1986. 146pp. £3.50pb The Lights on the Hill. Garth St Omer, 1986. 119pp. £3.50pb London: Heinemann Educational Books (Caribbean Writers Series) 相似文献
110.
Nick O'brien 《The Journal of legal history》2013,34(3):229-251
This article re-evaluates the intellectual context of Maine's historical jurisprudence by emphasising the importance of his classical background. Maine's time at Cambridge coincided with the rise of ‘progressive classical scholarship’, especially the study of ancient history in its social, economic and institutional setting. By exploring the links between Maine's work and that of the ancient historian Barthold Georg Niebuhr, the article argues that an understanding of Maine's classical provenance enriches the appreciation of his work, especially its literary, interdisciplinary and educational challenge to the common law mind. Maine emerges on this account as a Victorian ‘neo-humanist’ whose later neglect is symptomatic of the more general separation of nineteenth-century English jurisprudence from mainstream European thought. 相似文献