关于构建“和谐海峡”的策略思考

在"一个中国"的前提下,"以和谐促发展,以和谐促统一."这是构建"和谐海峡"核心要旨.其呼应"和谐社会"战略思想,符合"和谐世界"理念,顺应两岸民心民意.以"和谐"的理念促进两岸关系和解和平意义重大,根源于中华民族深厚的和合思想,表明了中国走和平发展道路的坚强信念,体现了党中央高超的和谐执政能力.文章从五个方面初步阐述"和谐海峡"的背景、意义、内涵、原则,以及从政治、经济、文化、社会四个层面提出相应措施.     

音乐心理剧对海洛因依赖者戒毒动机的干预

目的:研究音乐心理剧对我国海洛因依赖者的戒毒动机和操守的临床干预效果。方法:将62名女性海洛因依赖者随机分为实验组(n=31)和对照组(n=31)。实验组进行为期12周的Joseph.J.Moreno音乐心理剧临床干预;对照组常规治疗。将实验组干预后的戒毒动机与干预前及对照组进行比较;追踪所有被试的复吸情况并进行统计;对总体戒毒动机、操守率和各戒毒动机因子进行相关分析,了解干预的方法对戒毒动机和操守率的干预效果。结果:实验组总体戒毒动机与对照组和干预前相比显著提高(P<0.05);总体戒毒动机与"家庭因子"呈显著正性相关(r=0.364)。实验组操守情况(58.06%,18/31)优于对照组(35.48%,11/31),但无统计学意义上的显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:音乐心理剧临床干预对提高海洛因依赖人群的戒毒动机有明显作用,但在提高复吸率方面效果不明显。提高戒毒动机需要从家庭角度进行干预。由于文化上的差异,本法在临床运用的过程中有些技术的使用存在一定的局限性。     

Mixing Habermas with Bayes: Methodological and Theoretical Advances in the Study of Deliberation

Two challenges stand out in the study of deliberation: the development of appropriate methodological tools and the development of more unified analytical frameworks. On the one hand, analysing deliberative processes is demanding and time‐consuming; hence we tend to have only few and non‐randomly selected cases at the group or context level. In addition, the real world of deliberation presents us with a complex matrix of nested, cross‐classified, and repeated speakers. This article shows that Bayesian multi‐level modelling provides an elegant way to tackle these methodological problems. On the other hand, we attempt to enrich comparative institutionalism with individual characteristics and psychologically relevant variables (such as group composition). Focusing on Swiss and German parliamentary debates we show that institutional factors ‐ in particular, consensus systems ‐, the gender composition of committees and plenary sessions, and age matter for the quality of deliberation. Furthermore, we also show that partisan affiliation ‐ government or opposition status of MPs ‐ affects deliberative quality and can refine institutional arguments. We conclude that a multi‐level approach to deliberation focusing on contextual and actor‐related characteristics and using Bayesian hierarchical modelling paves the way toward a more advanced understanding ‐ and methodological handling ‐ of deliberative processes.     

国有企业资本运营风险机理透析

国有企业资本运营是一项极具风险的经济活动,只有全面的认识国有企业资本运营风险的形成机理,才能制定更加科学和有效的风险防范策略来降低和规避资本运营风险。本文在国有企业资本运营风险的含义和特征基础上,重点阐述了国有企业资本运营风险的形成机理。     

回顾与展望:中国改革30年

当"中国"和"改革"两词在30年前被郑重地书写到一起的时候,相信无人能准确言及其对30年后今天的真正意义.中国改革近30年的印痕,深深地嵌入了中国经济、政治、文化、社会等各个领域,悄悄地改写了中国人民乃至世界人民的生活,渐渐地形成了中国独具特色的发展模式,也缓缓地积累了中国进一步发展所必须突破的诸多瓶颈.     

Political participation in Swiss referenda at federal and cantonal levels: 1879–1981

Political participation in the process of semidirect democracy differs in several important respects from political participation in elections in representative democracies. This study discusses patterns of participation in 300 referenda at the cantonal and federal level in Switzerland during the 1879–1981 period. The purpose of this survey is to account for cross-temporal and cross-cantonal variations in terms of: (a) referenda type, (b) competition intensity, and (c) the influence of a multiple political culture. The findings suggest that distinctive political cultures and life styles, and other collective factors account for turn-out percentages and competition intensity. Voters tend to mobilize essentially to reject constitutional revisions and laws rather than accept them. The significance of cross-temporal differences was found to diminish during the 1952–1981 period. This tendency toward increasing standardization of Swiss political participation does not, however, completely blur the specificity of participation within cantons, suggesting that the multicultural nature of Swiss society is still prevalent.     

Population genetics of nine short tandem repeat loci: allele frequency distribution in a Brazilian population sample

Gene and genotype frequencies in relation to the D3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, and D7S820 loci were determined in a sample of 290 unrelated individuals (204 Caucasians and 86 mulattoes) living in the city of S?o Paulo, Brazil. The sex test Amelogenin was also performed in all subjects from our sample, revealing the expected sex in all instances. Allele frequency data obtained from the analysis of these samples were in the usual range of other population groups with similar racial background. In the sample of Caucasian individuals, panmictic proportions were ruled out in relation to TPOX and CSF1PO loci, but only in the latter was the overall frequency of heterozygotes significantly less than expected. In the sample of mulattoes, Hardy-Weinberg proportions were rejected in relation to FGA and CSF1PO loci, but in no instance were the overall numbers of heterozygotes different from the corresponding expected ones under panmixia. Taking into account all this and also the number of tests performed, the degree of genetic heterogeneity of Brazilian populations, and the critical level reached by the significant results (1% < alpha<5%), the departures from panmixia here observed can be considered to be negligible in altering significantly biologic relationship odds calculated under the assumption of random matings.     

Glycated hemoglobin: a useful post-mortem reference marker in determining diabetes

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) has been demonstrated to be a useful marker for long-term glucose control in diabetes. This parameter characterizes each non-enzymatic fixation of glucose on hemoglobin. It is a useful test in addition to periodic glycemia controls since it reflects the mean glycemia of the past 60 days. We studied the conservation of HbA(1c) at 4 degrees C as a function of time with different anti-coagulants and preservatives (3, 6 months, 1 year). A total of 106 tests were performed using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method dedicated to the semi-automatic analysis of HbA(1c) (Bio-Rad) and we applied the method in forensic cases. Conservation at 4 degrees C was good for as long as 3 months in blood samples collected with fluoride and 6 months in samples collected in a dry or in a heparinized tube. In non-diabetic subjects, HbA(1c) reference values obtained from forensic samples were identical to those of living controls (3.5-6.25% of total hemoglobin). All positive HbA(1c) results were confirmed by a medical evaluation. This method was successfully applied to five forensic cases. In cases of increased acetonemia, acetone or isopropanol are easily measured. However, in some unexplained post-mortem circumstances, increased HbA(1c) permits to differentiate alcoholic or starvation ketoacidosis from the diabetic cases. Glycated hemoglobin should, therefore, be considered the forensic marker of choice in the post-mortem diagnosis of a diabetic disorder and demonstrates its usefulness in post-mortem validation.     

农村基层组织建设与新农村建设——从农村基层组织存在的问题和解决途径谈起

党的十六届五中全会提出建设社会主义新农村是我国现代化建设的重大历史任务,明确了今后5午我国经济社会发展的奋斗目标和行动纲领,提出了建设社会主义新农村的重大历史任务,为做好当前和今后一个时期的“三农”工作指明了方向。而在新农村建设中,农村基层组织是农村工作的领导核心、是党联系群众的纽带、是引导农民走向富裕道路的先导力量,“人民群众富不富,关键在于党支部”。然而针对目前农村基层组织还存在很多急需解决的问题。因此,必须找到一些切实有效的解决方法和途径。     

曹植的友情诗浅析

曹植的友情诗以独特的意象传达出诗人对友情强烈的赞美,在文学史上具有划时代的性质。其友情诗最重要的内容是对友情的歌颂,不仅表达了对友人的勉励、宽慰之意,同时还体现出对宇宙无限、人生短促的感慨情绪。