论邓小平对所有制结构变迁理论的发展

邓小平有关所有制变革的观点完整地再现了中国多元所有制界定的演进过程,为社会主义市场经济理论研究开辟了一个广阔的领域,展示了一个全新的前景。     

略论毛泽东社会主义商品经济思想

毛泽东构建了社会主义商品经济的基本理论,阐述了关于商品经济存在的条件、作用及其对价值规律的科学认识的理论观点。客观评价了毛泽东社会主义商品经济思想的局限性。     

完善乡镇财政体制，强化乡镇财政管理——五通桥区探索乡镇财政建设的几点做法

乡乡镇财政部门是乡镇政府的重要职能部门,是我国财政体系中的基础环节。如何完善乡镇财政体制,强化乡镇财政管理,依法行政,依法理财,从而确保乡镇机关的正常运转,巩固基层政权,是摆在各级财政部门面前的重要课题。五通桥区财政局坚持把财政改革推进好,把乡镇财政资金管理好,把乡镇财政职能发挥好,把财政队伍建设好的原则,完善乡镇分税制财政管理体制,全面推行零户统管,积极实行税费统一征收制度,将     

Micro-insurance through corporate–NGO partnerships in West Bengal: opportunities and constraints

This Practical Note examines the nascent micro-insurance sector in West Bengal, paying particular attention to the corporate–NGO partnership model for micro-insurance distribution, which has been enabled by India's unique regulatory framework. We challenge the popular construction of this model as a ‘win–win’ for all parties by analysing conflicting understandings of micro-insurance schemes and their purposes by insurance companies, NGOs, and poor villagers. The article also considers the role of the specific political context of West Bengal in constricting corporate–NGO micro-insurance.     

An analytical evaluation of eight on-site oral fluid drug screening devices using laboratory confirmation results from oral fluid

A decaying cadaver emits volatile organic compounds that are used by necrophilous and necrophagous insects in order to find their brood substrate. Although volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are released by carcasses have been identified, little is known about the specific compounds that are used by these insects while searching for a brood substrate. Therefore, we have investigated the chemical ecology involved in the attraction of the necrophagous hide beetle Dermestes maculatus, which feeds as an adult and larva upon decomposing carcasses. Our aims have been to identify the responsible compounds in the odours of the carcass that are important for the attraction of the beetles. Furthermore, we have studied sex- and age-related differences in beetle attraction and tested whether the hide beetle can distinguish between various stages of decomposition by means of the emitted odours. Headspace collection of volatiles released from piglet carcasses (bloated stage, post-bloating stage, advanced decay and dry remains), coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and bioassays were conducted to identify the volatiles responsible for the attraction of the beetles. Freshly emerged male beetles were attracted by the odour of piglets in the post-bloating stage (9 days after death; T(mean) = 27 °C) and the EAD-active compound benzyl butyrate. Statistical analysis revealed a higher relative proportion of benzyl butyrate in the odour bouquet of the post-bloating stage in comparison with the other stages. We therefore conclude that this compound plays an important role in the attraction of hide beetles to carcass odour. This underlines the potential use of D. maculatus for the estimation of the post mortem interval. The decomposition stage at which the female beetles are attracted to the odour of a cadaver remains unknown, as does the nature of this attraction. Pheromones (sexual or aggregation pheromones) might play an essential role correlated with their attraction to carrion and consequently with their attraction to the substrate for mating and ovipositioning.     

论其他承担行政任务的组织

在现代西方国家,在传统的行政机关之外存在其他承担行政任务的组织,如公法人或公共机构甚至私法组织。在中国,有一些非行政机关或行政机构的事业单位和社会团体,由法律、法规授权或由行政机关委托,也承担一定的管理职能。对行政机关以外的其他承担行政任务的组织进行比较和分析,具有重要意义。     

对强戒人员回归社会“无缝对接”的思考

解除强制隔离戒毒的人员返回社会后,常常面临社会不认可、家庭不接纳、工作无着落、生活无来源、交往无朋友的尴尬局面,不能顺利融入社会,由于自身素质较低及复杂的社会原因,外界的因素极易诱发他们复吸和重新违法犯罪,形成社会治安中新的不安全、不稳定因素。如何搞好强戒人员回归社会的＂无缝对接＂,最大限度地预防和减少复吸和重新违法犯罪率,具有重大的社会现实意义,     

特殊痕迹在侦查破案中的作用

特殊痕迹是除手印、足迹、工具痕迹、枪弹痕迹外的其他痕迹的统称。特殊痕迹有以下类别:牙齿痕迹、车轮与牲畜痕迹、纺织品痕迹、玻璃破碎痕迹、整体分离痕迹和开锁及破坏锁痕迹。特殊痕迹在侦查破案中的作用有:推断留痕客体种类,缩小侦查范围;分析判断留痕客体的属性,提供追踪线索;认定痕迹客体,提供破案证据;研究痕迹形成机理,分析确定案件事实。     

Correlates of handgun carrying among adolescents in the United States

Weapon-related violence, especially the use of handguns, among adolescents is a serious public health concern. Using public-use data file from the adolescent sample (N = 17,842) in the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), this study examines the behavioral, parental involvement, and prevention correlates of handgun carrying. Overall, 3.1% of adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 reported carrying a handgun in the past year. Results from a series of logistic regression models indicated that males, selling and using illicit drugs, were robustly associated with an increased probability of handgun carrying among adolescents. Furthermore, youth who carry handguns were significantly less likely to report a parent being involved in their lives and were significantly more likely to have encountered violence and drug prevention programming compared with youth who did not carry handguns. Implications of these results for prevention and policy are discussed.     

中国汉族人群17个Y-STR基因座突变情况分析

目的 调查分析17个Y-STR基因座等位基因突变的情况.方法 收集中国汉族人群867对父子共1 649份男性血样本.采用YfilerTM复合扩增试剂盒进行17个Y-STR基因座分型,共检测出14 739次等位基因传递,统计各基因座发生等位基因突变的频率.结果 在17个基因座中发现涉及13个基因座共41次突变,其中一步突变40次(97.6％),两步突变1次(2.4％);突变共涉及40对父子,其中39对仅1个基因座发生突变(97.5％),1对同时有2个基因座发生突变(2.5％);平均突变率为2.8×10-3(95％CI 2.0～3.8×10-3).等位基因突变时获得重复单位数19次,丢失重复单位数22次,两者比例接近.结论 中国汉族人群Y-STR基因座突变可涉及多数基因座,突变率在2.8×10-3左右,在数据库的建立与应用中应重视,注意采用相关方法进行甄别.