全文获取类型
收费全文 | 518篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 31篇 |
工人农民 | 47篇 |
世界政治 | 35篇 |
外交国际关系 | 68篇 |
法律 | 221篇 |
中国政治 | 7篇 |
政治理论 | 142篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 36篇 |
2016年 | 36篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 24篇 |
2013年 | 96篇 |
2012年 | 21篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 11篇 |
2009年 | 14篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有554条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
ABSTRACT: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can be easily malingered for secondary gain. For this reason, it is important for physicians to understand the phenomenology of true PTSD and indicators that suggest an individual is malingering. This paper reviews the prevalence of PTSD for both the general population and for specific events, such as rape and terrorism, to familiarize evaluators with the frequency of its occurrence. The diagnostic criteria for PTSD, as well as potential ambiguities in the criteria, such as what constitutes an exposure to a traumatic event, are reviewed. Identified risk factors are reviewed as a potential way to help differentiate true cases of PTSD from malingered cases. The question of symptom overreporting as a feature of the disease versus a sign of malingering is discussed. We then examine how the clinician can use the clinical interview (e.g., SIRS, CAPS), psychometric testing, and the patient's physiological responses to detect malingering. Particular attention is paid to research on the MMPI and the subscales of infrequency (F), infrequency-psychopathology (Fp), and infrequency-posttraumatic stress disorder (Fptsd). Research and questions regarding the accuracy of self-report questionnaires, specifically the Mississippi Scale (MSS) and the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), are examined. Validity, usability, and cutoff values for other psychometric tests, checklists, and physiological tests are discussed. The review includes a case, which shows how an individual used symptom checklist information to malinger PTSD and the inconsistencies in his story that the evaluator detected. We conclude with a discussion regarding future diagnostic criteria and suggestions for research, including a systematic multifaceted approach to identify malingering. 相似文献
82.
Stature reconstruction is important as it provides a forensic anthropological estimate of the height of a person in the living state; playing a vital role in the identification of individuals from their skeletal remains. Regression formulae for stature estimation have been generated for indigenous South Africans based on measurements of long bones of upper and lower extremities and the calcaneus. Since these bones are not always available for forensic analysis, it became necessary to use other bones such as the skull for stature estimation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of certain measurements of the skull of indigenous South Africans in the estimation of adult stature. Ninety-nine complete skeletons obtained from the Raymond A. Dart Collection, School of Anatomical Sciences of the University of the Witwatersrand, were used. Total skeletal height (TSH) was calculated for each skeleton using the Fully's (anatomical) method. Furthermore, six variables were measured on each skull. TSH was regressed onto these cranial measurements in order to obtain regression formulae. The correlation coefficients obtained ranged between 0.40 and 0.54. The range of the standard errors of estimate from the current study (4.37 and 6.24) is high in comparison to that obtained for stature estimation based on intact long bones and the calcaneus. Therefore, the equations presented in this study should be used with caution in forensic cases when only the skull is available for human identification. 相似文献
83.
84.
Christina Mancini Author Vitae Ryan T. Shields Author Vitae Author Vitae Kevin M. Beaver Author Vitae 《Journal of criminal justice》2010,38(5):1022
Despite a steady decline in sex crime over the past twenty years, new laws, such as residence restrictions, targeting such crime have proliferated. Some scholars have argued that public concern about sexual offending against young children has served as a catalyst for the emergence of these laws. Few studies, however, have empirically tested this claim. To address this gap and to contribute to scholarship on public opinion about crime and justice, this research tests a central implication flowing from prior work—namely, the notion that people with children will be more likely to endorse increased restrictions on where sex offenders can live. Analyses of public opinion data from a 2006 poll of Florida residents suggest that parents are indeed significantly more likely to support such restrictions. Implications of the study for research and policy are discussed. 相似文献
85.
Communication behaviors, while extensively studied within the marital field, have received only peripheral attention in violent
dating relationships. The purpose of this research was to better establish empirical continuity between the marital and dating
literatures by exploring communication variables that have been identified in marital relationships broadly and their self-reported
manifestation in violent dating relationships. Using Gottman’s (1999) marital communication conceptualization, individuals were assessed on adaptive and maladaptive communication variables and
relationship aggression. Results suggested that negative communication behaviors were associated with, and predicted, aggression
in participants’ dating relationships, consistent with findings from the marital literature. However, repair attempts, generally
considered an adaptive communication behavior, predicted aggression victimization. Implications and how these data fit within
the context of recent research on positive marital communication behaviors are explored. 相似文献
86.
Joshua C. Cochran Michael J. Lynch Elisa L. Toman Ryan T. Shields 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2018,34(1):37-66
Objectives
This study examines sentencing patterns for environmental crimes and tests the assumption that “green” offenders receive more lenient treatment from criminal courts than non-environmental offenders.Methods
We present two sets of analyses. First, we present an empirical portrait of environmental felony offenses convicted in a single state (Florida) over a fifteen-year period and the resulting criminal sanctions. Second, we use a precision matching analysis to assess whether environmental offenders receive more lenient treatment when compared to non-environmental offenders with the same characteristics and offense severity scores.Results
Findings indicate that an overall small percentage of felony convictions in state courts stem from environmental crimes. We also find that punishments for environmental crimes are more lenient than sanctions assigned to comparable non-environmental offenses when the environmental crime is ecological, but that punishments are sometimes harsher when the environmental crime involves animals.Conclusions
The findings provide general support for the argument that courts and other formal institutions of social control treat environmental crimes more leniently than non-environmental crimes. This paper also raises important questions about citizen and state actors’ perceptions of crimes against the environment and, more generally, about the ways in which theories of court sentencing behaviors apply to environmental crime sanctioning decisions.87.
Although there is a substantial literature examining public confidence in the judiciary in developed nations, scholars have paid scant attention to analyzing judicial confidence in developing countries. Building on extant work regarding developed nations and introducing original hypotheses in the context of developing nations, this research explains influences on public confidence in Latin American judiciaries by developing a theory that focuses on the potential influences of institutional quality, experiences, and individual attitudes. The hypotheses are empirically tested with the rich individual‐level data compiled by the Latin American Public Opinion Project 2006 survey. The results indicate that a variety of factors influence public confidence in Latin American courts; the role of context explains points of consistency and divergence with research on developed nations. 相似文献
88.
Elizabeth J. D'Amico Dionne Barnes Mary Lou Gilbert Gery Ryan Suzanne L. Wenzel 《Journal of prevention & intervention in the community》2013,41(2):112-128
Little is known about the transition to adulthood for adolescent females and young women who are impoverished and homeless. Co-occurrence of drug use and abuse, HIV risk, and victimization is notable among homeless women, highlighting the need for comprehensive interventions. Unfortunately, evidence-based prevention approaches addressing these inter-related problems among impoverished women transitioning into adulthood are lacking. To address this gap, we designed an innovative prevention program by utilizing open- and closed-ended interview data from impoverished women (n = 20), focus groups with community experts and providers (2 groups; n = 9), and a theoretical framework to direct the research. Information provided by our focus groups and interviews with women supported our theoretical framework and highlighted the importance of addressing normative information, providing skills training, and utilizing a non-confrontational approach when discussing these sensitive issues. 相似文献
89.
90.
Ryan Clarke 《Terrorism and Political Violence》2013,25(3):376-395
This article compares and contrasts the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) and D-Company, two seemingly dissimilar organisations that nonetheless share some striking commonalities, especially in regards to the use of tactics that contradict their declared ideology in pursuit of a larger goal. First, the growing relationship between organised criminal syndicates and terror groups is discussed and Makarenko's well-known “Crime-Terror Continuum” introduced. Following this, a historical overview and an analysis of the organisational structure of the PIRA is provided and organisational models proposed. Further, the founding and development of D-Company is addressed in addition to the syndicate's intricate involvement in the 1993 Bombay Blasts. Similarly, organisational models are offered and conclusions drawn. This work then moves to a comparative analysis of the organisational and operating structure of the PIRA and D-Company and finishes with a brief conclusion. This article argues that although criminal syndicates and militant groups may have different organisation structures, the line that distinguishes their activities has begun to blur and the space between Makarenko's graduated levels is becoming smaller and less discernible, thus rendering her model obsolete. 相似文献