政府公共投资效率分析

政府公共投资作为政府弥补市场失效、提供公共产品的经济行为,其效率体现为宏观、中观和微观三个层次。宏观层次的公共投资效率体现为公共投资规模要有利于资源宏观配置效率的实现和经济的稳定增长,中观层次的公共投资效率体现为公共投资结构要与社会成员对公共产品的需求结构相适应;微观层次的公共投资效率体现为公共投资过程资金使用效益要高。公共投资效率的实现也应从这三个层次入手采取相应对策。     

Statistical analysis of impact parameters of soft nose bullet fired on windowpane

Proper collection of glass evidence from crime spot is very important for its latter probative values. Glass evidence when properly collected and analyzed becomes a powerful witness and it can speak truth long after the crime. In criminal investigation glass evidence can tell what had happened and when it had happened. In the present study, a statistical regression analysis relationship between thickness of windowpane used as targets by soft nose bullet using.315"/8mm caliber sporting gun made in ordnance factory, India and various associated impact parameters were investigated. The relationship is found to be reasonably linear. The ballistics performance of windowpane has been found to correlate with the shear strength behavior above the elastic limit.     

Domestic violence,deportation, and women's resistance: notes on managing inter-sectionality

This article describes the work of Southall Black Sisters (SBS), a small women's group in London that engages in political lobbying, activism, and case work, largely with Asian women immigrants seeking an escape from domestic violence. The strategies that SBS uses include: maintaining a strong link between its case work and the larger policy and social practices that make it difficult for women to counter domestic violence effectively; challenging multiple forms of oppression (based on gender, race, ethnicity, and the patriarchy) simultaneously; and networking with a range of other organizations to accomplish specific tasks. Thus, SBS's work for social change challenges the following: the prevailing culture that permits violence against women to be endemic; the construction and delivery of services to abused women that fail to meet the needs of Asian immigrants with little command of English; and the overriding legal and policy context. In particular, SBS clients face difficulties because the UK's immigration rules require incoming spouses to remain married for a year in order to stay in the country. During this period, incoming spouses are denied the very welfare benefits that provide funding for abused women in shelters. SBS case work includes counseling, arranging accommodations, finding legal counsel, and supporting clients through legal processes. SBS draws on its case work to inform its lobbying and to give a voice to victims of domestic violence.     

区域经济发展中的地方政府合作

虽然合作博弈论的发展落后于非合作博弈,但是合作博弈的实用性逐步得到了重视。本文试图通过合作博弈的简单模型来阐述区域经济中地方政府合作的困境和合作的价值,进而提出了解决地方政府合作困难的办法,以建立协作组织以及利益分配合理化,保证合作过程的完整性来完善和促进政府合作。     

《查士丁尼法学总论》中译本首次问世

<正> 90年代伊始,在汉译法学学术著作的园地里,又增添一枝绚丽多彩的花朵,这就是由商务印书馆出版的《查士丁尼法学总论》(一译《法学阶梯》)。它为了解和研究罗马法提供了重要资料。《查士丁尼法学总论》(The Institutes of Justinian)是拜占庭皇帝查士丁尼(公元527—565在位)下令编写的一部法学教科书。当时,罗马帝国已日趋衰落,由于奴隶和隶农的不断起义和斗争,帝国已处于严重的危机之中。为了巩固帝国的统治,恢复昔日强大的罗马帝国,查士丁尼接位之后,采取了两项有力的措施:一方面加强法制建设,继续其前任已经开始的法典汇编工作,另一方面大力扩充军队,强化国家官僚机构,对外发动大规模掠夺战争。公元528年,着手编纂罗马历代皇帝所颁布的宪令,共编出10卷,名     

政府治理模式的变迁与启示

西方国家的新公共管理运动通过引入市场机制、塑造企业化的政府,对提高公共品供给效率产生了巨大影响。这启示我们对政府的性质、政府与市场的关系以及公共品的供给方式进行反思。     

欧洲近现代历史上宪政民主政制的生成、建构与演进

宪政民主政制与社会经济发展之间的关系,是一个值得深入进行理论探讨和实证研究的新课题。本文对西方宪政民主的起源、生成与演变史做了一个鸟瞰式的回顾,为探究宪政民主与经济发展之间的关系提供一些背景知识。在从词源和辞义上辨析了西方文字中的"constitution"以及以及与之对应的中文"宪法"和"宪政"的基本含义之后,本文对英国、法国和德国近现代宪政民主政制的生成、建构和演变史做了一些简略的历史考察,并在最后一部份对近现代欧洲历史上宪政民主政制下的法律制度的生成原因做了理论的和历史的分析。     

The debt wish: Rent seeking by business groups and the structure of corporate borrowing in India

Business groups play an important role in emerging economies. The transactions cost perspective, which has dominated our understanding of such groups, argues that the emergence of business groups is a natural response to market failures in developing countries. In this paper, we propose an alternate theoretical perspective – the rent-seeking view – that takes these groups as engaging in coordinated lobbying for the capture of rents created by governments. We develop and implement an empirical strategy to test for the rent-seeking view drawing from the property rights theory of corporate finance. We find strong empirical support for the rent-seeking view using a large cross-sectional data-set of firms in India.     

国家——社会关系视角中政府职能转变的目标取向

国家——社会关系的变化直接影响政府职能转变。市场化改革使我国国家与社会的关系由一元化向二元分化与良性互动的方向发展,市民社会和民间力量不断发展壮大。在国家——社会二元分化的背景下转变政府职能要求做到合理界定政府、市场、社会的界限,提升政府能力,实现制度创新,服务行政,培育市民社会等五个方面,并最终把“善治”作为政府职能转变的落脚点和目标取向。