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91.
Sylvia?A.?Malcore Christian?SchutteEmail author Sarah?A.?Van?Dyke Bradley?N.?Axelrod 《Psychological injury and law》2015,8(2):95-99
Effort assessment is a relevant area in neuropsychological assessment. There are well-established self-report measures, such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) FBS Symptom Validity Scale (FBS; Lees-Haley, English & Glenn, Psychological Reports 68: 203-210, 1991) and MMPI-2 Response Bias Scale (RBS; Gervais, Ben-Porath, Wygant & Green, Assessment 14: 196, 2007). However, there is also a need for brief measures of symptom exaggeration. The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) appears to be a promising self-report measure of symptom validity (e.g., Smith & Burger, Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 25: 183-189, 1997). In order to understand the psychometric properties of the SIMS, a comprehensive item analysis was performed with the questionnaire. Items were removed due to invariable response or lack of relationship with the total SIMS. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses were completed using RBS and FBS Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) of the MMPI-2 with items grouping from the SIMS indices. The results found that limiting the number of items did not affect overall utility. The abbreviated indices on the SIMS had excellent discrimination with the neurologic impairment (NI) and affective disorder (AF) scales and good discrimination with psychosis (P) and amnesic disorder (AM) scales of the SIMS. The briefer measure allows for less time required to administer the measure, while still maintaining the integrity of the SIMS. 相似文献
92.
This contribution addresses the structure and composition ofthe Cambodian Extraordinary Chambers (CEC), in particular thesuper-majority voting arrangements for national and internationaljudges. These rules, which reflect difficult negotiations betweenthe United Nations and the Cambodian Government, are likelyto impede trials by allowing not only determinations of guilt,but also key evidentiary decisions, to go unresolved. This maymake the effective operation of the CEC impossible. 相似文献
93.
Bruce E. Moon Jennifer Harvey Birdsall Sylvia Ciesluk Lauren M. Garlett Joshua J. Hermias Elizabeth Mendenhall Patrick D. Schmid Wai Hong Wong 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》2006,41(2):3-32
The measures of democracy commonly used in empirical research suffer notable limitations, primarily the exclusion of participation.
As a result, quantitative studies may undervalue the effect of democracy on important social outcomes or misinterpret the
aspect of democracy responsible for that effect. We respond by introducing and validating two variants of a new indicator,
the Participation Enhanced Polity Score (PEPS), which augments institutional factors with the breadth of citizen participation.
We demonstrate, using statistical evidence on democratic persistence, basic needs fulfillment, and gender equality, that no
measure of democracy can be considered an accurate representation of its basic character without directly including participation
as a core component.
Bruce E. Moon is professor of international relations at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He is the author ofThe Political Economy of Basic Human Needs (Cornell University Press. 1991) and two editions ofThe Dilemmas of International Trade (Westview Press, 1996, 2000).
Jennifer Harvey Birdsall is a researcher for a NGO in Geneva, Switzerland. She received her B.A. in international relations
and economics from Lehigh University and her M.S. in global affairs from Rutgers University-Newark.
Sylvia Ciesluk is pursuing an M.A. at the Fletcher School at Tufts University. She received her B.S. in economics from Lehigh
University.
Lauren M. Garlett is a geography teacher at Bellamy Middle School in Chicopee, Massachusetts. She received both her B.A in
international relations and her M.Ed. in secondary education from Lehigh University.
Joshua J. Hermias is associate director of the Global Young Leaders Conference in Washington, D.C. He received his B.A. in
economics from Lehigh University and his M.A. in international development from the University of East Anglia, Norwich, England.
Elizabeth Mendenhall is pursuing a Masters in International Affairs (MIA) in economic and political development at Columbia
University. She received a B.A. in international relations at Lehigh University.
Patrick D. Schmid is a Ph.D. candidate in computer science at Lehigh University. He received both his B.S. and M.S. in computer
science from Lehigh University.
Wai Hong Wong is a research associate at FactSet Research Systems. He received his B.A. in international relations and economics
at Lehigh University.
We are grateful for the helpful suggestions of Frank Davis, Bill Dixon, Chaim Kaufmann, Rajan Menon, Pamela Paxton, Larry
Taylor, and the anonymous reviewers. 相似文献
94.
Sylvia Ostry 《The Review of International Organizations》2006,1(2):139-152
The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations was a transformative event in the world trading system in many ways. Most importantly
among its unintended consequences were a North–South divide and a catalyst for new actors in the political economy of trade
policy—the Non-Governmental Organizations or NGOs. After considerable difficulty a new round was launched in Doha, Qatar in
2001. But the system has changed once again by the “new geography,” an emerging shift of power to the South.
JEL codes F13 · F15 · F42 · L31 相似文献
95.
Sylvia X.M. Yang M.Tech. Peter K. Larsen Ph.D. Tine Alkjær Ph.D. Erik B. Simonsen Ph.D. Niels Lynnerup Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(2):494-504
Closed‐circuit television (CCTV) footage is used in criminal investigations to compare perpetrators with suspects. Usually, incomplete gait cycles are collected, making evidential gait analysis challenging. This study aimed to analyze the discriminatory power of joint angles throughout a gait cycle. Six sets from 12 men were collected. For each man, a variability range VR (mean ± 1SD) of a specific joint angle at a specific time point (a gait cycle was 100 time points) was calculated. In turn, each individual was compared with the 11 others, and whenever 1 of these 11 had a value within this individual's VR, it counted as positive. By adding the positives throughout the gait cycle, we created simple bar graphs; tall bars indicated a small discriminatory power, short bars indicated a larger one. The highest discriminatory power was at time points 60–80 in the gait cycle. We show how our data can assess gait data from an actual case. 相似文献
96.
Julian Aichholzer Sylvia Kritzinger Markus Wagner Eva Zeglovits 《West European politics》2014,37(1):113-137
In many European party systems, the radical right has challenged established patterns of political competition. This article studies the consequences of this by using the case of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and data from Austria’s first national election study (AUTNES). It is found that the FPÖ has weakened Austria’s previously highly stable system of socio-structural and ideological divisions as expressed by the two mainstream parties, the People’s Party and the Social Democrats. In socio-structural terms, the FPÖ has undermined the Social Democrats’ support base. In ideological terms, FPÖ voters have distinct views on newer issues such as immigration, European integration and dissatisfaction with the political system, but its supporters’ views on Austria’s traditional conflicts surrounding the economy and social and religious values cannot explain the party’s success. These findings further our understanding of the transformation of political conflicts not just in Austria, but in Western Europe in general. 相似文献
97.
Policy Sciences - The COVID-19 crisis has revealed structural failures in governance and coordination on a global scale. With related policy interventions dependent on verifiable evidence,... 相似文献
98.
It is well-accepted that eyewitness identification decisions based on relative judgments are less accurate than identification decisions based on absolute judgments. However, the theoretical foundation for this view has not been established. In this study relative and absolute judgments were compared through simulations of the WITNESS model (Clark, Appl Cogn Psychol 17:629–654, 2003) to address the question: Do suspect identifications based on absolute judgments have higher probative value than suspect identifications based on relative judgments? Simulations of the WITNESS model showed a consistent advantage for absolute judgments over relative judgments for suspect-matched lineups. However, simulations of same-foils lineups showed a complex interaction based on the accuracy of memory and the similarity relationships among lineup members. 相似文献
99.
Sean Maddan Richard D. Hartley Jeffery T. Walker J. Mitchell Miller 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2012,37(1):4-18
Since the late 1990s, the United States has experienced a series of major corporate malfeasance events leading to the collapse
of corporations such as Worldcom and Enron, predatory lending practices which devastated the nation’s real estate market and
the Bernie Madoff scandal serving as prime examples. While the leading culprits in such well-publicized cases have met stiff
sanctions, the common notion is that white-collar offenders are treated more leniently than street offenders by the criminal
justice system. Given the scope and severity of victimization attributable to the contemporary white collar crime epidemic,
the matter of sanctioning fairness and severity is of timely importance. This paper examines judicial discretion in the form
of the decision to incarcerate and the length of sentences imposed for federal white collar and street level offenders. Findings
inform discussion oriented around the related issues of deterrence and public safety. 相似文献
100.
Robert K. Valenzuela M.S. Miquia S. Henderson B.S. Monica H. Walsh B.S. Nanibaa’ A. Garrison Ph.D. Jessica T. Kelch B.S. Orit Cohen‐Barak Ph.D. Drew T. Erickson Ph.D. F. John Meaney Ph.D. J. Bruce Walsh Ph.D. Keith C. Cheng M.D. Ph.D. Shosuke Ito Ph.D. Kazumasa Wakamatsu Ph.D. Tony Frudakis Ph.D. Matthew Thomas Ph.D. Murray H. Brilliant Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(2):315-322
Abstract: Genetic information in forensic studies is largely limited to CODIS data and the ability to match samples and assign them to an individual. However, there are circumstances, in which a given DNA sample does not match anyone in the CODIS database, and no other information about the donor is available. In this study, we determined 75 SNPs in 24 genes (previously implicated in human or animal pigmentation studies) for the analysis of single‐ and multi‐locus associations with hair, skin, and eye color in 789 individuals of various ethnic backgrounds. Using multiple linear regression modeling, five SNPs in five genes were found to account for large proportions of pigmentation variation in hair, skin, and eyes in our across‐population analyses. Thus, these models may be of predictive value to determine an individual’s pigmentation type from a forensic sample, independent of ethnic origin. 相似文献