全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27493篇 |
免费 | 1443篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 1237篇 |
工人农民 | 1151篇 |
世界政治 | 1842篇 |
外交国际关系 | 875篇 |
法律 | 18227篇 |
中国共产党 | 9篇 |
中国政治 | 172篇 |
政治理论 | 5244篇 |
综合类 | 179篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 142篇 |
2020年 | 520篇 |
2019年 | 588篇 |
2018年 | 789篇 |
2017年 | 810篇 |
2016年 | 898篇 |
2015年 | 681篇 |
2014年 | 720篇 |
2013年 | 2726篇 |
2012年 | 715篇 |
2011年 | 773篇 |
2010年 | 747篇 |
2009年 | 807篇 |
2008年 | 804篇 |
2007年 | 831篇 |
2006年 | 816篇 |
2005年 | 689篇 |
2004年 | 674篇 |
2003年 | 598篇 |
2002年 | 651篇 |
2001年 | 1025篇 |
2000年 | 911篇 |
1999年 | 716篇 |
1998年 | 392篇 |
1997年 | 287篇 |
1996年 | 316篇 |
1995年 | 309篇 |
1994年 | 303篇 |
1993年 | 298篇 |
1992年 | 499篇 |
1991年 | 519篇 |
1990年 | 493篇 |
1989年 | 496篇 |
1988年 | 499篇 |
1987年 | 459篇 |
1986年 | 547篇 |
1985年 | 544篇 |
1984年 | 441篇 |
1983年 | 419篇 |
1982年 | 304篇 |
1981年 | 279篇 |
1980年 | 240篇 |
1979年 | 345篇 |
1978年 | 196篇 |
1977年 | 191篇 |
1976年 | 162篇 |
1975年 | 158篇 |
1974年 | 204篇 |
1973年 | 158篇 |
1972年 | 151篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
181.
The role of the state is changing under the impact of, for example, globalization. The changes have been variously understood as the new public management (NPM), the hollowing–out of the state and the new governance. This special issue of Public Administration explores the changing role of the state in advanced industrial democracies. It focuses on the puzzle of why states respond differently to common trends.
This introductory article has three aims. First, we provide a brief review of the existing literature on public sector reform to show that our approach is distinctive. We argue that the existing literature does not explore the ways in which governmental traditions shape reform. Second, we outline an interpretive approach to the analysis of public sector reform built on the notions of beliefs, traditions, dilemmas and narratives. We provide brief illustrations of these ideas drawn from the individual country articles. Finally, we outline the ground covered by all the chapters but we do not summarize and compare their experiences of reform. That task is reserved for the concluding article. 相似文献
This introductory article has three aims. First, we provide a brief review of the existing literature on public sector reform to show that our approach is distinctive. We argue that the existing literature does not explore the ways in which governmental traditions shape reform. Second, we outline an interpretive approach to the analysis of public sector reform built on the notions of beliefs, traditions, dilemmas and narratives. We provide brief illustrations of these ideas drawn from the individual country articles. Finally, we outline the ground covered by all the chapters but we do not summarize and compare their experiences of reform. That task is reserved for the concluding article. 相似文献
182.
This synoptic article focuses on the origin and functioning of the Office of the Family Advocate as the protector of the interests of minor children in divorce cases. Attention is paid to the general contemporary trend to specialise in judicial decision-making that developed out of an increasing need for expertise in the administration of justice. A number of arguments for and against judicial specialisation are addressed. The origin of the Office of the Family Advocate within the South African judicial system is discussed and a brief exposition of the history of divorce legislation in South Africa is given. This is followed by attention to the functioning of the Office of the Family Advocate with reference to the process followed in investigations of this office and points of criticism against the system are highlighted. The article closes with an indication of the need for research in this regard and possible focus points for future research are identified. 相似文献
183.
Carola Müller 《Revista de derecho y genoma humano》2005,(22):133-151
The legislator, in the German Federal Republic, has opted for a specific legal solution in relation to the protection of the embryo. Carola Müller, in this article, describes this regulation as well as the reasons that have led to its adoption. The article finishes with an exposition of the existing social discussion in German society and the effect that the law has had. 相似文献
184.
C. Haedrich C. Ortmann O.R. Hofmann J. Seilwinder A. Klein 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2006,160(2-3):173-177
In a case of suicidal application of electricity differences between the rectal temperature of the body and the suspected time of death were observed.In order to answer the question whether an electric current from hand to hand over >30 min led to a rise in body temperature FEM-based computer simulations and animal experiments were carried out. Both resulted in a warming of the soft parts in the arm without warming the body core. Thus a temperature-based estimation of the time since death can also be used in cases with electricity as the cause of death. Besides, in the animal experiment we found a spontaneous rise in the body core temperature even without application of electricity which may be a reason for the typical temperature plateau after death. 相似文献
185.
行政问责制对地方政府经济行为的影响——制度堕距的视角 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
行政问责制是构建责任政府的具体制度安排。问责制度在制度设计与制度执行层面存在制度堕距。制度堕距对地方政府经济行为产生重要影响,因此,从制度设计与制度执行层面改进问责制制度文本,消弭制度堕距,有助于构建优良的问责制制度,推动地方政府经济行为合理化。 相似文献
186.
Silvina J. Vilas-Ghiso Diana M. Liverman 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2007,7(2):137-169
More than a decade after NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) entered into force, the environmental effects of agricultural
trade liberalization in Mexico are still controversial, emerging, and not fully understood. This paper contributes to the
literature that aims to explore trends in input use in the agricultural sector in Mexico during the post-NAFTA period among
both commercial/industrial and traditional/rainfed farmers, and examines the influence of the national and multilateral institutional
framework on these outcomes. We decompose the post-NAFTA agricultural production data into scale, technique and composition
effects to estimate the impact that trade liberalization has had on the use of fertilizer and land use, two key agricultural
inputs for which reliable aggregate data is available. We conclude that among commercial farmers patterns of crop type specialization
and significant technological improvements have led to some declines in fertilizer use but they have been offset by growth
in fertilizer use associated with growing agricultural output. Among traditional farmers increased output and specialization
in land-intensive grain crops are contributing to an increase in land under cultivation and technological improvements show
the potential, but not yet not the strength, to counteract these effects. We analyse the environmental institutional framework
and rural development plans, observing that institutional weaknesses have, in several instances, reduced the environmental
benefit of technique and composition effects. We conclude with recommendations about how the Mexican agricultural sector might
reap the environmental benefits of international agricultural trade. 相似文献
187.
Rechtsanw?ltin Christina Schultz Rechtsanwalt Dr. Jan-Christof Krüger 《Natur und Recht》2005,27(1):1-8
Mit der Einführung einer Entgeltpflicht für die Entnahme von Wasser in Nordrhein-Westfalen ist der erlaubnisfreie wasserrechtliche Eigentümergebrauch in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses gerückt. Denn wer Wasser im Rahmen des Eigentümergebrauchs aus einem oberirdischen Gewässer entnimmt, ist von dieser Entgeltpflicht befreit. Der folgende Beitrag erläutert die im Zusammenhang mit der Gewinnung nichtenergetischer Rohstoffe insoweit relevanten Fragen.
* Die Verfasser sind, Mitarbeiter der Anders u.Thomé Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH in Krefeld 相似文献
188.
189.
190.
Dean G. Pruitt Robert S. Peirce Neil B. McGillicuddy Gary L. Welton Lynn M. Castrianno 《Law and human behavior》1993,17(3):313-330
This article reports the results of a study of the antecedents of long-term success in community mediation. Seventy-three mediation sessions were recorded and content analyzed. The participants were interviewed at two points: immediately after mediation and 4 to 8 months later. No relationship was found between the quality of the agreements—i.e., the extent to which they solved immediate problems- and long-term success as measured by compliance, improved relations between the parties, and the absence of new problems. On the other hand, joint problem solving by the disputants was related to complainant perceptions of improved relations with the other party. Also respondent perceptions that the mediation had been fair and that all the problems had come out were related to all aspects of long-term success in the eyes of the complainant. The latter results support a procedural justice analysis of mediation and underline the importance of mediator attention to the respondent. 相似文献