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141.
William H. Simon, The Practice of Justice: A Theory of Lawyers’ Ethics Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998, viii + 253 pp. 相似文献
142.
Welfare reforms involve trade‐off between different accountability types, such as political, administrative, legal and social accountability. This variety of accountability types is used to investigate consequences of reforms in three different welfare services in Norway; social services, hospitals and immigration. The study finds that more complex, dynamic and layered accountability forms are emerging, but that there are some differences across reform areas. The reforms in immigration seem to change accountability relations the most in hospitals, administrative and political accountability is up against professional accountability, and we see that politicians lack overall capacity and have to rely on administrative accountability in social services. In order to analyze how reforms affect accountability relations one has to study both the formal and informal changes, as well as the relationship between politics and professionalism. 相似文献
143.
Martin Joseph Gallagher 《Terrorism and Political Violence》2014,26(2):320-336
It has been suggested that a nexus between terrorist groups and those involved in organised crime exists. This study explores the co-operative possibilities that exist between these phenomena, focusing specifically on the level of assistance participants in organised criminal activity might provide to those engaged in terrorism, the “initial nexus.” This was achieved initially through interviews with subject matter experts with knowledge of the organised crime and counter terrorism situation in Scotland. Thereafter, law enforcement personnel who investigate serious and organised crime were interviewed, and their opinions sought in respect of the likely actions of those they investigate. The data gathered is subject to analysis and comment are provided as to what level of co-operation between those involved in organised crime and terrorism can be expected; what motivational factors may have a bearing on the level of co-operation provided; and discussion of “tipping points,” ethical or otherwise, where the withdrawal of co-operation could occur, providing opportunities for increasingly successful law enforcement intervention. 相似文献
144.
Tom Appleby 《Liverpool Law Review》2009,30(2):101-113
This paper examines the Marine and Coastal Access Bill as it was tabled on 8th December 2008. It explores the failure of the
Bill to include marine protection of over 3,000,000 km2 of the waters associated with overseas territories and Crown dependencies. It explains the necessity for close liaison with
the European Commission and with the devolved administrations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, where responsibility
for marine governance is not clear cut. It expresses some disappointment in the failure of the Bill to cover questions of
ownership of marine resources in particular the right to fish, which remains held under ancient and flawed common law rules.
The paper then investigates the content of the Bill, looking at the role and functions of the Marine Management Organisation
including licensing of fishing vessels, wind farm consenting/creation of safety zones, consents under the Wildlife and Countryside
Act, research, advice, assistance, training, and prosecutions. The Bill also establishes a framework for marine planning with
potential for the creation of marine plans and marine policy statements covering the waters of England and Wales to the edge
of the UK Exclusive Economic Zone. Such plans and statements will have persuasive effects on the organisations involved in
marine management, but will not be completely binding. The Bill creates powers to licence numerous activities and if necessary
delegate licensing function to the bodies such as the Marine Management Organisation. It also established new powers for the
creation of Marine Conservation Zones. The paper explores the narrow purposes for which these Marine Conservation Zones and
created, and contrasts these unfavourably with the draft Scottish Marine Bill, which permits Marine Conservation Zones for
such purposes as community interest. The paper also acknowledges that no target has been set for the creation of Marine Conservation
Zones, and raises some concerns over whether Marine Conservation Zones contain severe enough penalties, particularly in respect
of commercial fishing where there is a specific exemption for fisheries damage. The paper explores the function of the new
Inshore Fisheries Authorities which will replace existing Sea Fisheries Committees, but raises concerns that the new organisations
will still remain vulnerable to conflicts of interests because of their membership. 相似文献
145.
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147.
在经济发展过程中 ,应该是政府的作用多一些还是市场的作用多一些 ?文章分析了与这一问题相关的政府改革———管制改革、私有化政策及分权化政策 ,得出结论 :在经济发展进程中 ,政府要继续扮演重要角色 ;地方政府和非政府组织的作用将日益凸显。 相似文献
148.
Taina Laajasalo Noora Ellonen Julia Korkman Tom Pakkanen Olli-Pekka Aaltonen 《Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology & Crime Prevention》2020,21(1):103-111
ABSTRACT This study examines the recidivism rates of Finnish child sex offenders convicted in 2010 (n = 361) over a follow-up period of seven years. The results indicate that while reoffending for other types of offences was common (34%), offenders had very low sexual crime recidivism rates (1%). In terms of more persistent criminal careers, less than a quarter of the offenders had both a previous criminal history and at least one subsequent offence during the follow-up period. Offenders with child sexual abuse material-related crimes reoffended more rarely than did others. Study limitations and implications for policymaking, media and rehabilitation are discussed. 相似文献
149.
Tom L. Beauchamp 《The Journal of law, medicine & ethics》2004,32(2):209-217
Although there has long been a successful and stable marriage between philosophical ethical theory and bioethics, the marriage has become shaky as bioethics has become a more interdisciplinary and practical field. A practical price is paid for theoretical generality in philosophy. It is often unclear whether and, if so, how theory is to be brought to bear on dilemmatic problems, public policy, moral controversies, and moral conflict. Three clearly philosophical problems are used to see how philosophers are doing in handling practical problems: Cultural Relativity, and Moral Universality, Moral Justification, and Conceptual Analysis. In each case it is argued that philosophers need to develop theories and methods more closely attuned to practice. The work of philosophers such as Ruth Macklin, Norman Daniels, and Gerald Dworkin is examined. In the writings of each there is major methological gap between philosophical theory (or method) and practical conclusions. The future of philosophical ethics in interdisciplinary bioethics may turn on whether such gaps can be closed. If not, bioethics may justifiably conclude that philosophy is of little value. 相似文献
150.