先进文化创新体系建设的四个关键问题

文化创新的能力是一个国家、一个民族智慧与文明的集中体现,也是一个国家和民族综合实力的重要标志。先进文化是一个历史范畴,是一个不断积累和不断创新的过程。先进文化创新是一个内含思想、观念、能力、保障机制等诸要素相互关联的有机整体。从现实角度看,优化这个整体应当重点强调四个关键问题,即创新思维、文化自觉、创新人才、保障机制。     

抗战时期蒋介石对日外交思想解析

从1937年“七七事变”到1945年日本战败投降,蒋介石作为掌管国民政府党政军大权的核心人物,他的对日外交思想直接影响着中国的对日外交决策和军事决策。这期间蒋介石的对日外交思想主要表现为“抵抗中求和平”、“抗战外交”、“和谈外交”,其外交思想反映了他既战既和的矛盾心理。     

Taking the Keys from Grandpa

Recent highly publicized traffic accidents involving older drivers have led to renewed interest in state policies and administrative practices that award and renew drivers’ licenses in the American states. Because the probability of traffic accidents is linked to the medical conditions that are more prevalent among the elderly, and because the number of older drivers is expected to rise over the next several decades, one might expect that this will be an increasingly important policy issue. This article discusses variations that are observed across states in law and administrative practice. A longitudinal analysis of data on crashes involving elderly drivers in fifteen states indicates that crash rates are directly related to the length of the renewal cycle for older drivers and inversely related to the stringency of testing at renewal. It is also likely that states requiring physicians to report conditions that would impair driving will experience lower crash rates. A secondary analysis of policy impacts on the licensing rates is not conclusive, a finding that is attributable to inaccuracies in the reported numbers of licensed drivers.     

剥夺政治权利执行难问题探讨

在社区矫正工作中,剥夺政治权利执行难问题反映突出.本文主要从社区矫正制度和剥夺政治权利这一刑罚制度两方面检视剥夺政治权利执行难的原因,同时就剥夺政治权利执行难问题的解决提出了一些建议.     

A Question of Morality: Artists' Values and Public Funding for the Arts

In 1989, the combination of art, religion, homosexuality, ana¹ public dollars set off an explosive two-year battle and a decade of skirmishes over funding for the National Endowment for the Arts. To promote artistic freedom and to avoid political controversy, federal arts policy delegates specific funding decisions to private donors and arts professionals. In an era of morality politics—hot-button issues driven by deeply held beliefs rather than by expertise—that strategy no longer works. Artists, donors, and arts audiences diverge widely from the rest of the American public in their attitudes toward religion, sexual morality, and civil liberties, as General Social Survey data show. Delegating funding decisions to them has naturally led to some subsidies of art offensive to important segments of the population.     

从欧洲就业战略到新欧洲就业战略

就业抑制是导致欧洲就业困境的主要原因之一,欧洲就业战略和新欧洲就业战略的核心都是在保障基本就业权利的基础上从传统的就业抑制转向就业激励,对促进欧洲就业发挥了巨大作用,对我国的就业政策具有较强的借鉴意义。     

繁荣哲学社会科学与学术的民主自由

百花齐放、百家争鸣,是繁荣与发展哲学社会科学的正确方针与方法,因为它充分体现了学术上的民主与自由。百花齐放,必须以百家争鸣为前提。社会中各种学派的存在有其客观必然性,符合科学发展规律,有利于防止学术上的教条主义、保守主义。历史事实证明,诸子百家的兴起与纷争,是文化繁荣的保证,也是国家进步、社会民主的表现与标志。马克思主义始终追求真理,不怕批评与反对,同各种学派的辩论与比较,有利于促进对马克思主义认识的提高与传播。在马克思主义指导下,以繁荣我国文化与科学为目的的不同学派的建立,与弘扬社会主义主旋律并不矛盾,它们是多样性与统一性的关系。     

竞争机制的缺陷及其限制

竞争机制是市场经济社会最基本的运行机制,是现代社会制度化结构高效率运行的基本动力机制,我们要在倡导竞争机制的同时不断完善其结构和运行方式。但竞争机制也会造成某些深刻的社会问题,有些问题难以通过完善竞争机制本身来解决,而是要在方法论层面对制度化结构和精神价值系统做出区分,寻求对竞争机制的价值补偿,达到消解其“原生缺陷”的目的。     

构建和谐山西的战略思路

构建和谐山西,必须坚持科学发展,夯实和谐山西的物质基础;建设活力山西,健全和谐山西的体制保障;打造文化山西,巩固和谐山西的精神支撑;发展循环经济,奠定和谐山西的生态依托;坚持以人为本,筑牢和谐山西的群众基础。