Migratory labour in the Arab world

Some aspects of modern labor migration to the oil-producing countries of the Middle East are considered. Data on international labor migration among the countries of the region in 1980 are presented. The qualifications of the expatriate labor forces are then examined, and the stability and uncertainties of the labor market are discussed. The political implications of such migration for both host and sending countries are also considered.     

United States Supreme Court rules against Medicare providers in cost reimbursement case. Shalala v. Guernsey Memorial Hospital

In the long run, the impact of Guernsey will depend on the interpretation and application of the decision by HCFA, the Provider Reimbursement Review Board, and the courts. If HCFA interprets the decision as a signal that the Supreme Court is willing to grant federal agencies broad latitude to avoid the rulemaking requirements of the APA, providers may have fewer opportunities for formal input into payment policy issues under the Medicare program. The impact of the case may well go beyond cost-based reimbursement issues and affect all aspects of the Medicare program.     

Chemical-toxicological analysis of butorphanol

The conditions of butorphanol isolation from biological fluids were studied. The method of its extraction with the mix of organic solvents by pH 12 was proposed. How to identify butorphanol with the methods of thin-layer chromatography, ultraviolet spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography with a detector of electron capture, chromato-mass spectrometry was developed. Possibility of use ultraviolet spectrometry for quantitative assessment of butorphanol was shown.     

Elemental analysis of bone: proton-induced X-ray emission testing in forensic cases

Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is a spectroscopic technique that provides the researcher with the elemental composition of a given target material. In this paper, we illustrate the utility of PIXE analysis in two forensic contexts: (1) case of cremation in which the nature of the remains is questioned and (2) cases of death by gunshot wound. In the first case, elemental analysis by PIXE reveals that the purported cremated remains are not bone. The last two cases show that radiopaque metallic residue embedded in bone is composed of lead from a projectile.     

Enhancement of muddy footwear impressions

Methods for chemical enhancement of muddy footwear impressions were compared in order to differentiate between utilisation at the scene of crime, the local (regional) police laboratory and the Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI)     

The detection of isoniazide in the cadaveric blood and plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with a diode matrix detector

The authors describe the analytical procedure for the rapid detection of isoniazide in the cadaveric blood and plasma using high performance liquid chromatography with a diode matrix detector (HPLC-DAD). The method is designed for toxicological and forensic medical analyses. The preliminary preparation of the samples includes protein precipitation with trichloroacetic acid, formation of isoniazide derivatives with cinnamic aldehyde, and chromatographic analysis on an Eclipse XDB-C18 column with registration of absorption at a wavelength of 340 nm. The mobile phase is a mixture of methanol and 0.05 M ammonium acetate buffer (50:50 v/v), pH 3.8. The detection limit is 0.5 mcg/ml in plasma and 1 mcg/ml in blood hemolizate. The qualitative determination is possible in a concentration range from 2 to 200 mcg/ml. Mean square deviation does not exceed 12% in a concentration interval from 2 to 50 mcg/ml.