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991.
Adam J. McKee 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2001,25(2):199-209
This paper describes the reliability, validity, and structure of a scale designed to evaluate community-policing programs.
The Community Policing Evaluation Survey (CPES) is designed in such a way that local police agencies can implement it without
the assistance of professional researchers. The scale consists of four subscales which measure (1) Quality of Contact with
Police, (2) Perceptions of Crime and Disorder, (3) Personal Fear, and (4) Community Cohesion. 相似文献
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While there were numerous studies documenting the neighborhood characteristics that led to increased risk of crime victimization, very little was done to compare the neighborhoods of homicide victims to non-victims. The current research used the case-control design to alleviate this gap in the research. A sample of homicide victims and non-victims collected from Prince George's County, Maryland, in 1993, was used to make these comparisons. Significant differences were noted in the macro-level measures of education, unemployment, household income, and percentage of female-headed households in the neighborhoods of victims and non-victims. Individual elements, such as age, race, gender, and arrest were also strongly associated with the risk of homicide victimization. Both macro and micro level variables needed to be included when studying factors that increased the risk of homicide victimization. 相似文献
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Adam Tomkins 《The Modern law review》2004,67(5):772-786
Sir Ivor Jennings made many ground-breaking contributions to the study of Parliament. Among them are two books written in the 1930s, while Jennings was at the peak of his powers: Parliamentary Reform in 1934, 1 and Parliament in 1939. 2 This essay offers an assessment of Jennings' scholarship on Parliament. It commences with some observations on his method, and this is followed by an outline of the argument in Parliament and an appraisal of the book's originality and ongoing significance. The essay closes with some brief remarks concerning Jennings' Parliamentary Reform . 相似文献
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William Alex Pridemore Mitchell B. Chamlin Adam Trahan 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2008,24(4):397-396
There is substantial evidence that catastrophic events, including terrorist attacks, lead to increased levels of post-traumatic
stress, especially in communities in close proximity to the incident. Some scholars also argue that these events disrupt social
organization. On the other hand, many contend that these incidents produce social cohesion as community members coalesce to
help each other in time of need. These ideas have resulted in competing hypotheses in the literature. The first is that violence
will increase in the wake of catastrophic events due to heightened levels of individual stress and community disorganization.
The second is that violence will decline after these events because of increased social cohesion, especially in the face of
an outside threat. In order to test these competing hypotheses, we employed autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA)
techniques to model the impact of the Oklahoma City bombing and the September 11 attacks on monthly homicide counts at the
local, state, and national level. Unlike prior studies that provided evidence of an effect but did not use rigorous time-series
techniques, we found no support for either of the competing hypotheses. We conclude that while such catastrophic events may
have an effect on individual and collective efficacy well beyond the immediate impact of the incidents, these effects are
not strong enough to influence homicide rates.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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K R Jones 《Journal of health politics, policy and law》1989,14(2):261-285
The problem of indigent health care has received much attention from governmental officials, health care providers, health policy analysts, and others. A majority of states have generated legislative proposals to deal with the problem, although their strategies differ in terms of method and scope. This article discusses Florida's approach to the problem as contained in the Health Care Access Act of 1984 and subsequent legislation. The article will provide background on the reasons a hospital assessment strategy was chosen as the funding mechanism and will examine the problems that occurred during the implementation phase of the legislation. 相似文献