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61.
Petra M. van de Looij-Jansen Judith E. J. Goldschmeding Erik Jan de Wilde 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(4):652-658
Self-report questionnaires are frequently used in youth research, but doubt remains whether total anonymity affects the results. This study compared the responses of 704 mainly 16–17-year-old adolescents to self-report measures of various health indicators in 2 groups: anonymous and confidential collection. For most health indicators no significant differences were found. Perceived health, use of alcohol, and aggressive behavior (for boys) were reported significantly less frequently in the confidential group (small effect size). It appeared that pupils with high scores on social desirability do not respond differently at most health indicators in the 2 conditions. For most health characteristics, epidemiologically useful outcomes may be derived from confidential self-report measures, which are also valuable for detecting individual at-risk children. Similar studies in lower grades and other types of education should confirm the results.Youth Department, Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area. Main research interests are emotional and behavioral problems of adolescents, youth health care, monitoring.Youth Department, Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area. Main research interests are emotional and behavioral problems of adolescents, youth health care, monitoring.Research Department, Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area. Major research interests include emotional and behavioral problems of adolescents, suicidal behavior, youth health care, monitoring. 相似文献
62.
We elucidate a powerful yet simple method for deriving comparative statics conclusions for a wide variety of models: Monotone Comparative Statics ( Milgrom and Shannon 1994 ). Monotone comparative static methods allow researchers to extract robust, substantive empirical implications from formal models that can be tested using ordinal data and simple nonparametric tests. When these methods apply, they can replace a diverse range of more technically difficult mathematics (facilitating richer, more realistic models), assumptions that are hard to understand or justify substantively (highlighting the political intuitions underlying a model's results), and a complicated set of methods for extracting implications from models. We present an accessible introduction to the central monotone comparative statics results and a series of practical tools for using these techniques in applied models (with reference to original sources, when relevant). Throughout we demonstrate the techniques with examples drawn from political science . 相似文献
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Using a behavioral model of political decisionmaking, it is argued that an increasing population size and/or an increasing efficiency of production in a private enterprise economy relative to a centrally planned economy may create the conditions for a self-interested nomenklatura in a Soviet-type economy to consider a transition to a market economy. This transition may be thwarted, however, by the threat for prospective private enterpreneurs of exploitation after the change of regime. Some form of political pluralism guaranteeing sufficient political influence to private entrepreneurs appears to be required for a successful transition. The analysis shows that such a combined political and economic reform can be in the interest of the nomenklatura, thereby providing an endogenous behavioral explanation for a change of regime. 相似文献
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66.
Bermejo Barrera P Lorenzo Alonso MJ Bermejo Barrera A Cocho de Juan JA Fraga Bermúdez JM 《Forensic science international》2000,107(1-3):149-156
A method for the selenium determination in a mother and her child's hair using palladium as a chemical modifier was optimized. The sample was digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and diluted to 5 ml. To achieve complete mineralization the samples were ashed at 1200 degrees C in the presence of palladium as a chemical modifier. The optimum atomization temperature was 1900 degrees C. The precision and accuracy of the method were studied using the reference material CRM 397. Results of calibration using aqueous standards and the standard addition method were compared. The method was applied to the selenium determination in 30 samples of the mother's and child's hair. The levels found were 0.54 +/- 0.34 microgram/g for mother's hair and 0.77 +/- 0.25 microgram/g for child's hair. 相似文献
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68.
Inge?VanderValkEmail author Ed?Spruijt Martijn?de?Goede Cora?Maas Wim?Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2005,34(6):533-546
In the present longitudinal 3-wave study of 1274 adolescents and young adults, aged 12–24 at the 1st wave, it is examined
whether youngsters from intact versus postdivorce families show long-term differences in internalizing and externalizing problems.
Furthermore, possible differences in the development of this problem behavior between offspring from intact and postdivorce
families are examined, i.e., possible differences in growth curves of internalizing and externalizing problems are investigated.
Longitudinal multilevel analyses reveal long-term differences in internalizing and externalizing problems according to family
structure. Adolescents and young adults growing up in postdivorce families display more internalizing and externalizing problem
behavior than youngsters of intact families. The development of these 2 types of problem behavior does not differ by gender
or family structure. That is, the shape of the growth curves of internalizing and externalizing problem behavior is similar
for boys and girls and also for youngsters from intact and postdivorce families.
Inge VanderValk is a Postdoc Researcher at the Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
She received her Ph.D. in 2004 from Utrecht University. Her major research interests include associations between adolescent
adjustment and parental marital quality and parental divorce.
Ed Spruijt is an Associate Professor at the University of Utrecht. He received his Ph.D. in 1983 from Utrecht University.
His major research interests are the consequences of parental divorce and visitation arrangements on children.
Martijn de Goede is an associate Professor at Utrecht University, Department of Methodology and Statistics. He received his
Ph.D. in 1988 from Utrecht University. His major research interests are occupational and relational life courses of youngsters.
Cora Maas is an Assistent Professor at Utrecht University, Department of Methodology and Statistics. She received her PH.D.
in 1992 in Utrecht from Utrecht University. Her major interests are: multilevel analysis (theory and applications).
Wim Meeus is full Professor of Adolescent Development at Utrecht University. He received his Ph.D. in 1984 from Utrecht University.
His major research interests are personality, identity, and relationships in adolescence. 相似文献
69.
Sípoli Marques MA Pinto Damasceno LM Gualberto Pereira HM Caldeira CM Pereira Dias BF de Giacomo Vargens D Amoedo ND Volkweis RO Volkweis Viana RO Rumjanek FD Aquino Neto FR 《Journal of forensic sciences》2005,50(3):587-592
A clear positive case for anabolic steroids doping was confounded by alleged urine tampering during doping control procedures. Review of the chain of custody showed no flaws, but nevertheless the athlete was adamant that the urine sample should be analyzed for DNA in order to support her contention that she was not the donor of the sample. The results obtained showed that the urine sample that scored positive for steroids contained nuclear DNA that could not be matched to the DNA obtained from the athlete's blood. On the other hand, the same urine sample contained mitochondrial DNA whose nucleotide sequences spanning the hyper variable regions HV1 and HV2 proved to be identical to those determined in mitochondrial DNA amplified from the athlete's blood. The occurrence of an extraneous genotype is compatible with exogenous nuclear DNA admixture to the athlete's urine. Alternatively, taking in consideration the mitochondrial DNA, we could not exclude that a sibling or a maternal relative of the athlete could have acted as a donor of the urine utilized for doping control and DNA analysis. Both situations point to possible tampering of the urine by the athlete. Adjudication at CAS maintained previous national and international federation decision that there was no proof of a chain of custody flaw to justify the athlete's allegation of urine substitution after collection. 相似文献
70.