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132.
Raquel C. Andrés-Hyman Melissa A. Cott Steven N. Gold 《Journal of family violence》2004,19(5):319-325
Purpose and Potential benefits: Research, to our knowledge, has not examined the effect of demographic variables on PTSD symptoms among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). This study explores the relationship between demographic variables and scores of CSA survivors on the Impact of Scale (IES). Participants were 257 women CSA survivors entering outpatient treatment at a university-based mental health center. All participants reported a CSA history and presented with psychological difficulties associated with CSA. The demographic variables investigated were relationship status, religious affiliation, ethnicity, educational level, spousal educational level income, and sexual orientation. Significance tests were used to examine each variable and scores on the Total IES and Avoidance and Intrusion Subscales. Total IES and Intrusion scores differed for sexual orientation and ethnicity in accord with conventional standards of significance ( < .05). Self-reported asexuals indicated fewer intrusive and total PTSD symptoms than heterosexuals, lesbians, and bisexuals. Likewise, Hispanics reported less intrusive PTSD symptoms than Non-Hispanic Caucasians. Our findings invite further exploration of the relationship between ethnicity and sexual orientation and the long-term effects of CSA. A question for empirical investigation is whether asexuality shields against the triggering of CSA memories by a sexual relationship. Another possible area of inquiry is whether particular characteristics of Hispanic culture as a whole serve to moderate the detrimental effects of CSA. 相似文献
133.
Krugman SD Witting MD Furuno JP Hirshon JM Limcangco R Périssé AR Rasch EK 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2004,19(7):766-777
Intimate partner violence (IPV) constitutes a major public health problem in the United States. This cross-sectional survey of 108 emergency department (ED) care providers and 146 ED visitors at three metropolitan EDs compared the beliefs of ED health care providers with those of community members about the relative benefits of the helpfulness of resources for IPV victims using hypothetical case scenarios. Although providers generally indicated that help resources were helpful in all scenarios, visitors were more discriminating, showing less support for resources in the lower-risk scenario. Regarding differences between groups, visitors selected police and attorneys more frequently than providers as a helpful resource, whereas providers selected shelters and counselors more frequently than visitors. Adjustment for previous experience with IPV did not change these results. Understanding the differences between health care providers' and community members' perceptions of resources for victims of IPV may improve the effectiveness of referral to IPV resources. 相似文献
134.
Kereszturya L Rajczya K Lászikb A Gyódia E Pénzes M Falus A Petrányia GG 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2002,23(1):57-62
In cases of disputed paternity, the scientific goal is to promote either the exclusion of a falsely accused man or the affiliation of the alleged father. Until now, in addition to anthropologic characteristics, the determination of genetic markers included human leukocyte antigen gene variants; erythrocyte antigens and serum proteins were used for that reason. Recombinant DNA techniques provided a new set of highly variable genetic markers based on DNA nucleotide sequence polymorphism. From the practical standpoint, the application of these techniques to paternity testing provides greater versatility than do conventional genetic marker systems. The use of methods to detect the polymorphism of human leukocyte antigen loci significantly increases the chance of validation of ambiguous results in paternity testing. The outcome of 2384 paternity cases investigated by serologic and/or DNA-based human leukocyte antigen typing was statistically analyzed. Different cases solved by DNA typing are presented involving cases with one or two accused men, exclusions and nonexclusions, and tests of the paternity of a deceased man. The results provide evidence for the advantage of the combined application of various techniques in forensic diagnostics and emphasizes the outstanding possibilities of DNA-based assays. Representative examples demonstrate the strength of combined techniques in paternity testing. 相似文献
135.
Does federalism matter? We develop a theoretical model on the causal relationships between federalism, decentralization and system performance by merging the two literatures on political and fiscal federalism. The model is then tested in a quantitative analysis, including the OECD countries. We find that, consistent with our model, federalism and decentralization are different dimensions of the territorial organization of politics. Decentralization has positive effects; federalism tends to result in either no or a negative performance effect. 相似文献
136.
In recent years, numerous countries have undertaken administrative reforms to implement New Public Management (NPM) postulates. The implementation of NPM involves new information needs for decision taking by public managers. In this context, public sector accounting plays a key role as an information system for the successful implementation of NPM. The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) is undertaking an international accounting harmonisation project to establish high‐quality public sector standards to meet the new information requirements under NPM worldwide. This article examines the capability of IFAC accounting measurement bases to meet information needs under NPM postulates, in both developing and developed countries, analysing the differences between these types of countries. The National Accounting Standard Setters (NASS) of 47 countries were asked about the usefulness and viability of Fair Value Accounting (FVA) to implement NPM postulates, especially those concerning improved efficiency, enhanced information transparency and benchmarking analysis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
137.
André Brodocz 《Berliner Journal für Soziologie》2002,12(2):211-226
Ernst Cassirers ?Philosophie der symbolischen Formen“ (PSF) dient gegenwärtig in den Institutionentheorien von Gerhard Göhler und Karl-Siegbert Rehberg als Erklärung für die generell konstitutive Bedeutung der symbolischen Dimension von Institutionen. In diesem Beitrag wird überprüft, in welcher Hinsicht und mit welchen Konsequenzen die jeweilige Integration von Cassirers PSF vollzogen wird. Dabei werden drei Thesen entfaltet: (1) Göhlers Integration der Cassirer’schen Kategorien führt zu einer Auflösung der PSF innerhalb dieser Institutionentheorie, während Rehbergs Rückgriff auf Cassirer eine Auflösung seiner Institutionentheorie in der Gesellschaftstheorie bedeutet. (2) Trotz dieses Unterschieds beruhen die Schwierigkeiten beider Ansätze auf demselben Problem: Sie nehmen die PSF immer nur in ihrer Relevanz für die Gegenstände in Anspruch, die sie als Institutionen bezeichnen, aber nicht für den Institutionenbegriff selbst. (3) Abschließend wird noch kurz zur Diskussion gestellt, warum genau dieser Aspekt eine Möglichkeit bietet, Institution selbst als symbolische Form zu begreifen. 相似文献
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Government,special interest groups,and economic growth 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1