RACIAL–ETHNIC INTOLERANCE AND SUPPORT FOR CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON*

This article tests cross-nationally the minority group threat thesis that public sentiments toward repressive crime-control policies reflect conflicted racial and ethnic relations. Using multiple data sets representing France, Belgium, the Netherlands, East and West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Denmark, Great Britain, Greece, Spain, Finland, Sweden, Austria, Canada, Ireland, and Portugal, we examine whether racial and ethnic intolerance—animus, resentments, or negative sentiments toward minorities—predicts greater support for the death penalty. Our results reveal that the respondents were significantly more likely to express support for capital punishment if they were racially or ethnically intolerant while controlling for other covariates of public opinion. These findings indicate that the link between support for capital punishment and racial and ethnic animus may occur universally in countries with conflicted racial and ethnic relations.     

香港警方处置劫持人质事件模式研究

香港警方处置劫持人质事件的基本模式是集中指挥,谈判先行,武力戒备,力争和平解决.基本经验是:一、确立安全至上是处置劫持人质事件的基本理念.二、指挥员不谈判,谈判员不指挥.三、从处置对象提出的各种要求中,去捕获和满足其基本需求.四、利用和防止"斯得哥尔摩"现象.指挥官在处置初期必须制定行动计划,包括运送计划、接受人质计划、接受死者或伤者计划、人质突然逃走处置计划、嫌疑犯突然逃走处置计划、嫌疑犯投降处置计划、即时进攻计划和全面进攻计划等,每一个计划都须形成书面文字记录,以备事后检讨和问责.     

Failed States After 9/11: What Did We Know and What Have We Learned?

This paper addresses the relationship between accumulated knowledge and U.S. policy dealing with failed states and terrorism. The central thesis is threefold: (1) that more was known about the possible linkages between failing states and terrorism than appears in pre-9/11 U.S. policies; (2) that since 9/11 some important realignment of knowledge and practice has occurred, but it remains partial and incomplete; and (3) that new knowledge, especially about the policies to sustain and promote legitimate governance, needs to be generated in order to support an effective grand strategy for addressing the threats and challenges of the twenty-first century. The paper recommends such a grand strategy and, in addition to the required new knowledge, a significant reorganization of the U.S. national security policy-making apparatus. International studies curricula appear well suited for contributing to that new knowledge and the practitioners we require.     

"他者"视域下的犹太伦理思想

犹太伦理的核心概念是“他者”,从外延上看,“他者”分3个层次:上帝、同胞、国人;从内涵看,“他者”的本质在于将自身客体化,做“他人的人质”。“他者”与我的关系构成了犹太伦理思想体系的主要内容,也形成了犹太伦理的特点,使它既不同于基督伦理,也有别于儒家伦理。“他者”在场的伦理规范体现为公义、赎罪和慈善。     

基层司法行政工作在构建农村和谐社会中的地位和作用

构建和谐社会是一项巨大的系统工程,需要全社会的努力。因此,每一个部门、机构乃至社会成员,都应根据自己的地位,认清自己的责任,发挥应有的作用,努力为构建和谐社会作出贡献。基层司法行政工作在构建和谐社会中处于何等地位,应该发挥怎样的作用,自然成为一个十分现实的重大课题。早在1984年邓小平就指出:“中国有百分之八十的人口住在农村,中国稳定不稳定首先要看这百分之八十稳定不稳定”,“没有农村这一稳定的基础是不行的”①。江泽民也曾经指出,“基础不牢,地动山摇”②,也主要是讲农村稳定的重要。随着城市化进程的加快,城乡人口结构…     

辩护律师对法庭的真实义务

美国著名的辩护律师艾伦·德肖微茨教授在其名著《最好的辩护》一书曾说到:“被告辩护律师,特别是在为确实有罪的被告辩护时,他的工作就是用一切合法的手段来隐瞒‘全部事实’。对被告辩护律师来说,如果证据是用非法手段取得的,或该证据带有偏见,损害委托人的利益,那么他不仅应     

市场失灵、政府失灵及其矫正——经济宪法学思路初探

经济宪法学立足于保障个人财产权和限制政府权力,从而为矫正市场失灵和政府失灵提供了新的、也是更为根本性的思路,这就是必须从宪法上明确对个人财产权和经济自由的保护,并严格限制政府的财政权和货币发行权,使政府的自由裁量权置于民主监督之下。