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151.
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153.
William?S.?RogersEmail author Jeremy?Bidwell Laura?Wilson 《Journal of family violence》2005,20(4):241-251
Eighty heterosexual dating couples provided information about their gender, individual histories of abuse in their current
relationship, attachment styles, perception of and satisfaction with relationship power. Partner report of physical abuse
was the dependent variable. APIM actor results suggest that an individual's gender interacts with perceived level of relationship
power and satisfaction with relationship power for physical abuse. Both dimensions of attachment interacted with perceived
relationship power for physical abuse. Partner effects were also found. One's partner's sex interacted with perceived power
and satisfaction with relationship power. Finally, the partner's avoidant attachment interacted with satisfaction with relationship
power. These findings generally replicate and extend the work of H. M. Ronfeldt, R. Kimerling, and I. Arias (1998, J. Marriage Fam. 60: 70–78) by showing how attachment styles, perception of relationship power, and satisfaction with relationship power are
related in predicting aggression against a romantic partner. 相似文献
154.
Rehabilitation programs for adult violent offending are still novel, and few published studies examine the recidivism outcomes of those who complete such programs. This study describes a New Zealand prison program for high-risk violent men. The program is intensive and cognitive behavioral. Preliminary outcome data are presented for three indices during 2 or more years of follow-up: nonviolent reconviction, violent reconviction, and subsequent imprisonment. In comparison with untreated offenders, treated men were less likely to be reconvicted of a violent offense, and those who were took longer to fail. There was also a 12% difference in favor of the treated men on the two other indices, nonviolent reconviction and reimprisonment. The authors conclude that the program shows early promise and that further evaluation with a larger sample of treated men will be important in clarifying whether the program is having a differential impact on violent versus nonviolent offending. 相似文献
155.
Chris L. GibsonAuthor Vitae Marc L. SwattAuthor VitaeJ. Mitchell MillerAuthor Vitae Wesley G. JenningsAuthor VitaeAngela R. GoverAuthor Vitae 《Journal of criminal justice》2012,40(6):490
Purpose
This article provides a critical review of the state of research on the gang membership-violent victimization relationship.Methods
This study examines a comprehensive list of published quantitative studies that have assessed the relationship between gang membership and violent victimization.Results
By examining strengths and weaknesses of the design features of various studies, this article identifies theoretical, conceptual, methodological, and statistical issues that should be considered when interpreting the causal effect of gang membership on violent victimization. Some of the methodological and design issues discussed include, but are not limited to, consequences of failing to establish temporal order, failure to conduct sensitivity analyses to determine treatment effects, use of bootstrapping methods with propensity score analysis, measurement of violent victimization, and corrections for dependence in matched samples of gang and non-gang members.Conclusion
Suggestions for future research are provided that will help advance the empirical study of the gang membership-violent victimization nexus. 相似文献156.
Ma R Shimmon R McDonagh A Maynard P Lennard C Roux C 《Forensic science international》2012,217(1-3):e23-e26
This article describes the use of an anti-Stokes luminescent material (upconverter), yttrium vanadate doped with ytterbium and erbium (YVO(4):Er,Yb), for the development of latent fingermarks on a range of non-porous surfaces. Anti-Stokes luminescent materials emit light at shorter wavelengths than the excitation wavelength. This property is unusual in both natural and artificial materials commonly found as exhibits in forensic science casework. As a result, fingermark detection techniques based on anti-Stokes luminescence are potentially extremely sensitive and selective. Latent fingermarks on non-luminescent and inherently luminescent substrates, including Australian polymer banknotes (a well-known 'difficult' surface), were developed with YVO(4):Er,Yb by dry powder and wet powder techniques. The effectiveness of YVO(4):Er,Yb for fingermark detection was compared with that of cyanoacrylate fuming and of sodium yttrium tetrafluoride doped with ytterbium and erbium (NaYF(4):Er,Yb). The results illustrate some benefit of luminescent up-converting phosphors over traditional luminescence techniques for the detection of latent fingermarks. 相似文献
157.
Chris Lewis 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2012,18(1):5-21
Other papers in this edition of the European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research use mainly statistics collected through the European Sourcebook on Crime and Justice Statistics but there are many other
sources of international statistics collected by different agencies for different purposes. This paper critically examines
the main current and planned collections of comparative data within the European community and wider international bodies.
Full Web references are given of available questionnaires and publications where these exist. It also discusses the importance
of comparative data generally and pitfalls in its interpretation and examines the guidelines published by international bodies
to assist with data collection on crime and justice. Finally, the future of comparative data collections is discussed and
recommendations are made. 相似文献
158.
Achieving greater female presence in influential positions is a commonly discussed strategy for gender reform in institutions such as the US Congress. Using theory adapted from research on gender in the workplace, this study examines whether women representatives, as ‘managers’ of congressional offices, alter patterns of gender representation in Congress by hiring and promoting more women staffers compared with men representatives. Cross-sectional logistic regression analyses of staffer sex during the 110th and 111th Congresses (2007–10) reveal a positive relationship between women representatives and female presence on congressional staffs. However, the relationship does not hold with respect to the most influential staff positions. These findings provide only limited support for theories that women representatives act as ‘change agents’ by directly facilitating opportunities for women, and highlight the importance of exploring alternative strategies for empowering women and regendering legislative institutions. 相似文献
159.
Kim Wilson Celia Taylor Faye Blazey Francesca Hardman 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2014,25(3):243-261
There is debate as to whether secure hospital treatment for offenders with personality disorder can be effective relative to criminal justice interventions. This study examines the evidence for long-term treatment of such offenders in hospital within in a modified therapeutic community model including accredited offending behaviour programmes. A panel sample of 47 patients were followed up on measures of violence risk (HCR-20, VRS) and symptom severity (SCL90-R). Intention-to-treat analysis with reliability thresholds showed significant positive change between assessment and discharge in both violence risk (VRS) and symptoms (SCL90-R) indicating a positive treatment effect. Threshold effects for treatment effectiveness seemed to occur at 1?year of treatment for risk and 3?years for symptom reduction. 相似文献
160.
Petar Milojev Danny Osborne Lara M. Greaves Joseph Bulbulia Marc S. Wilson Caitlin L. Davies James H. Liu Chris G. Sibley 《Social Justice Research》2014,27(2):149-174
Moral Foundations Theory posits five distinct foundations of morality: Harm/Care, Fairness/Reciprocity, In-group/Loyalty, Authority/Respect, and Purity/Sanctity. In combination, this should yield between four-to-six moral signatures—distinct combinations or patterns of support for these aspects of morality. We extend previous research by examining the replicability of these moral signatures in a New Zealand-based national sample (n = 3,635). Latent Profile Analysis identified four distinct moral signatures: Individuators, Moderates, Neutrals, and High Moralists. We integrate these moral signatures within the Dual Process Model (DPM) framework and show that Social Dominance Orientation predicts membership in the Neutral moral signature (moderate/lukewarm support for multiple moral foundations); whereas Right-Wing Authoritarianism predicts membership in the High Moralist signature (undifferentiated high support across moral foundations). These findings were observed controlling for Big-Six personality and various demographics. Thus, the authoritarian and dominance-based motives identified by the DPM independently predict categorical differences in the signatures people use to judge morality. 相似文献