全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 679篇 |
| 免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
| 各国政治 | 41篇 |
| 工人农民 | 57篇 |
| 世界政治 | 146篇 |
| 外交国际关系 | 27篇 |
| 法律 | 298篇 |
| 中国政治 | 4篇 |
| 政治理论 | 112篇 |
| 综合类 | 2篇 |
出版年
| 2022年 | 2篇 |
| 2021年 | 10篇 |
| 2020年 | 6篇 |
| 2019年 | 17篇 |
| 2018年 | 22篇 |
| 2017年 | 26篇 |
| 2016年 | 28篇 |
| 2015年 | 16篇 |
| 2014年 | 25篇 |
| 2013年 | 72篇 |
| 2012年 | 26篇 |
| 2011年 | 19篇 |
| 2010年 | 13篇 |
| 2009年 | 18篇 |
| 2008年 | 29篇 |
| 2007年 | 26篇 |
| 2006年 | 54篇 |
| 2005年 | 51篇 |
| 2004年 | 31篇 |
| 2003年 | 36篇 |
| 2002年 | 43篇 |
| 2001年 | 14篇 |
| 2000年 | 12篇 |
| 1999年 | 9篇 |
| 1998年 | 5篇 |
| 1997年 | 7篇 |
| 1996年 | 9篇 |
| 1995年 | 8篇 |
| 1994年 | 7篇 |
| 1993年 | 5篇 |
| 1992年 | 2篇 |
| 1991年 | 1篇 |
| 1990年 | 4篇 |
| 1989年 | 9篇 |
| 1988年 | 3篇 |
| 1987年 | 1篇 |
| 1986年 | 2篇 |
| 1985年 | 4篇 |
| 1984年 | 3篇 |
| 1983年 | 4篇 |
| 1982年 | 1篇 |
| 1980年 | 2篇 |
| 1976年 | 1篇 |
| 1975年 | 1篇 |
| 1974年 | 1篇 |
| 1973年 | 1篇 |
| 1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式： 共有687条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
271.
In 1746, Antoine Deparcieux (1703–1768) published Essai sur les probabilités de la durée de la vie humaine [An Essay on the Probabilities of the Duration of Human Life]. Deparcieux analyzed in detail empirical observations. As a mathematician and physicist, he can be considered, after Halley and Struyck, one of the founders of the estimation of longevity and all the issues surrounding that concept. The article analyzes the statistical data Deparcieux presented in his book and examines the way he dealt with them. He criticized the methods of his predecessors and showed what, according to him, were “good” data. Although he only had lists of annuitants or ecclesiastical registers at his disposal and no data from the government or state, Deparcieux constructed his calculations with careful regard to the value and quality of the figures used. He also envisaged a specific project to collect data about infant mortality. His work holds an important place in the history of French demographic statistics. 相似文献
272.
Multiagency emergency management coordination requires stakeholders to span organizational boundaries and facilitate collaboration among other agencies within temporary supraorganizations. Multiagency coordination is important in emergency management as disasters often require the collaboration of multiple agencies into temporary supraorganizations. However, little is known about the boundary spanning activities that influence this collaboration. Based on 39 semistructured interviews with senior emergency management practitioners spanning organizational boundaries, this paper proposes a typology of boundary spanning activities for emergency management. Embracing these activities may address some of the challenges associated with the collaboration of multiple agencies in a disaster. 相似文献
273.
274.
275.
Christine R. Martell 《公共行政管理与发展》2008,28(1):30-41
In an effort to understand subnational borrowing, this article explores how three Brazilian institutions—the 1988 Constitution which mandates revenue and expenditure assignments among the levels of the federation; the national Law of Fiscal Responsibility, which imposes expenditure and debt limitations on all levels and branches of government; and various borrowing arrangements—affect the municipal borrowing environment. These institutions are examined in light of de Mello's (2001) policy recommendations for strengthening efficiency and fiscal discipline in subnational borrowing. The institutions of Brazilian borrowing were found to have some of de Mello's recommendations, with the new Constitution and the Law of Fiscal Responsibility making progress towards increased fiscal responsibility, but the current borrowing arrangements serving to maintain a controlled system that is not conducive to responsible municipal borrowing. Several recommendations are made to improve the borrowing environment and foster fiscal discipline and efficiency Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
276.
277.
Following a wave of state-adopted tax and expenditure limitations (TELs), in 1992 the state of Colorado amended its constitution with the strictest TEL to date. Called the Taxpayer Bill of Rights and known as TABOR, the amendment has limited the size and scope of Colorado governments. Praised as a restraint on unbridled government growth in good economic times, TABOR reared its highly restrictive head as the state economy turned downward. The central issue explored is how binding tax and expenditure limitations affect the state's ability to weather economic recessions and employ sound fiscal management practices. As in most institutional arrangements, the devil is in the details. The analysis presented here reveals that binding limitations create perverse incentives for budgetary actors to earmark, privatize, and shift responsibilities to other jurisdictions, which ultimately combine to reduce the state government's ability to perform and to maintain sound fiscal management practices. 相似文献
278.
The independence of auditors and the quality of financial report audits generally are rarely tested except in circumstances of corporate failure when alleged sub-optimality is present. Often auditors have good defences as to their expertise or competency, but rarely do they have equally convincing defences for the independence of their audit. A major issue for the regulation of auditor independence is that the threats to independence are often subtle and difficult to measure. This paper argues that firms undertaking financial report audits need to be transparent and competitive in respect of auditor independence. Two models that adopt this premise are proposed. 相似文献
279.
Christine Margerum Harlen 《Politics & Policy》2002,30(2):347-370
Compared to the literature on the American presidency, the literature on the German chancellorship has focused less on leadership strategies and more on the constraints and resources of the position. This article improves on Karl‐Rudolf Korte's recent work by prioritizing German leadership strategies in order of their likely success. The article then analyzes the experiences of the last three chancellors: Helmut Schmidt, Helmut Kohl and Gerhard Schröder. In general, the article confirms the literature's view of the relative successfulness of different leadership strategies, but notes that chancellors had unexpected difficulty in using foreign policy as a resource. Furthermore, chancellors' initial leadership strategies generally built on those strengths that first enabled them to take office, allowing Kohl at first to use a promising strategy unavailable to Schmidt or Schröder. Nonetheless, the experience of these three chancellors indicates that leadership strategies and skill are important in the long run. 相似文献
280.
Grace Bahng Marcia Taborga Christine Bae Armando Jimenez 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2018,18(4):e1712
This paper presents the case of First 5 LA's 5-year countywide implementation of the Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) program. Enthusiasts of PCIT point to it as a high-quality parenting program with the potential to positively influence child behavior, reduce recidivism into the child welfare system, and increase caregiver's confidence and self-esteem. In September 2012, First 5 LA, an independent County agency in Los Angeles that advocates on behalf of parents with young children, began a $20 million countywide implementation of PCIT. The collaborative effort between First 5 LA, the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services, and the University of California, Davis demonstrates the role that research and data analysis can play in improving large-scale implementations. The authors of this paper were contracted to conduct an evaluation of the implementation of the countywide PCIT program, and preliminary outcomes were analyzed after the first round of data collection in early 2015. This paper will discuss this case and provide examples of how research and data analysis were used effectively to make key improvements to the design and implementation of the program. The paper will then discuss bureaucratic challenges and constraints with the collaborative use of research and data. The paper will conclude with some recommendations on how research and data can effectively be used to influence policy implementation in large-scale implementations involving collaboration among multiple organizations. 相似文献