全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5942篇 |
免费 | 258篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 266篇 |
工人农民 | 217篇 |
世界政治 | 408篇 |
外交国际关系 | 274篇 |
法律 | 3601篇 |
中国政治 | 49篇 |
政治理论 | 1344篇 |
综合类 | 41篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 36篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 51篇 |
2020年 | 112篇 |
2019年 | 122篇 |
2018年 | 151篇 |
2017年 | 208篇 |
2016年 | 181篇 |
2015年 | 137篇 |
2014年 | 147篇 |
2013年 | 550篇 |
2012年 | 174篇 |
2011年 | 198篇 |
2010年 | 161篇 |
2009年 | 163篇 |
2008年 | 199篇 |
2007年 | 166篇 |
2006年 | 178篇 |
2005年 | 156篇 |
2004年 | 165篇 |
2003年 | 150篇 |
2002年 | 156篇 |
2001年 | 231篇 |
2000年 | 172篇 |
1999年 | 136篇 |
1998年 | 75篇 |
1997年 | 70篇 |
1996年 | 58篇 |
1995年 | 80篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 68篇 |
1992年 | 103篇 |
1991年 | 112篇 |
1990年 | 97篇 |
1989年 | 81篇 |
1988年 | 99篇 |
1987年 | 99篇 |
1986年 | 123篇 |
1985年 | 128篇 |
1984年 | 101篇 |
1983年 | 88篇 |
1982年 | 54篇 |
1981年 | 46篇 |
1980年 | 37篇 |
1979年 | 43篇 |
1978年 | 37篇 |
1974年 | 48篇 |
1971年 | 36篇 |
1970年 | 34篇 |
1968年 | 38篇 |
排序方式: 共有6200条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
992.
Umar Farooq Mosab I. Tabash Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan Linda Nalini Daniel Ibtehal M. Aburezeq 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2024,24(2):e2911
The current analysis aims to explore the empirical nexus between financial development, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow, and employment rate. To attain this aim, we collect 30 years of annual data over the period 1990 to 2019 from South Asian economies and employ the autoregressive dynamic least square (ARDL) model for regression analysis. The implication of the ARDL model was subject to the mixed stationarity status of the series as assessed by unit root testing. The robustness of the analysis was checked by employing the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) models. The statistical analysis infers that both financial development and FDI inflow enhance the employment rate in the South Asia region. In addition, the empirical analysis infers that the gross capital formation, economic growth, and export volume have a positive while the population growth rate has a negative effect on the employment rate. The impact of underlying explanatory variables was found significant only in long run. The estimated coefficient values in the case of FMOLS and DOLS models support the direction of the relationship between explanatory variables and employment rate, implying the robustness of the analysis. The findings of the current analysis can be used to devise efficient economic policies to cope with the encroaching issue of unemployment in the South Asia region. This study offers the robustness to existing literature and complements the literature by exploring the underlying arrangement of study to the whole South Asia group. 相似文献
993.
Understanding local variability in context and mobilising local participation to define development agendas are widely accepted development strategies. There remain, however, significant challenges to the systematic and effective inclusion of local communities and households. Projeto MAPLAN, a pilot project in Ceará, Brazil, is a joint effort of the public sector and civil society designed to create a process of participatory development planning which integrates local-level contextual variations. In this effort, the use of a Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) stimulates the participation of community members in analysing their needs, goals, and priorities. The visualisation of these factors through easily understood maps facilitates communication and contributes to a democratic and transparent planning process, thus permitting the articulation of local priorities with the state-level planning apparatus. MAPLAN represents part of a shifting paradigm for rural development planning in the state and provides the tools for the effective inclusion of citizen voice in development policy. 相似文献
994.
995.
Mona M. Lyne Daniel L. Nielson Michael J. Tierney 《The Review of International Organizations》2009,4(4):407-433
Multilateral development banks (MDBs) dramatically increased social lending for health, education, and safety nets after 1985.
Yet the great powers’ social policy preferences remained relatively static from 1980 to 2000. This contradicts the conventional
view that powerful states control IOs. We argue that highly institutionalized IOs like MDBs require a complete model of possible
member-state coalitions encompassing the preferences of all member states—not just major powers. We develop multiple measures
of state preferences and include all member states in our coalitional model. We evaluate our model and alternatives with an
analysis of more than 10,000 MDB loans from 1980 to 2000. We find that when we include all member states weighted by their
voting shares, principal preferences are significantly related to lending outcomes. 相似文献
996.
The British Conservative Party's decision to leave the European Peoples' Party-European Democrats (EPP-ED) group in the European Parliament and establish a new formation—the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR)—has attracted criticism, much of it focused on the supposedly extremist politics and character of the partners with which the Conservatives have chosen to work. In fact, while those parties which have joined the Conservatives in the new group are for the most part socially conservative, they are less extreme and more pragmatic than their media caricatures suggest. Moreover, such caricatures obscure some interesting incompatibilities within the new group as a whole and between some of its Central and East European members and the Conservatives, not least with regard to their foreign policy preoccupations and their by no means wholly hostile attitude to the European integration project. 相似文献
997.
The increasing availability of digitized text presents enormous opportunities for social scientists. Yet hand coding many blogs, speeches, government records, newspapers, or other sources of unstructured text is infeasible. Although computer scientists have methods for automated content analysis, most are optimized to classify individual documents, whereas social scientists instead want generalizations about the population of documents, such as the proportion in a given category. Unfortunately, even a method with a high percent of individual documents correctly classified can be hugely biased when estimating category proportions. By directly optimizing for this social science goal, we develop a method that gives approximately unbiased estimates of category proportions even when the optimal classifier performs poorly. We illustrate with diverse data sets, including the daily expressed opinions of thousands of people about the U.S. presidency. We also make available software that implements our methods and large corpora of text for further analysis. 相似文献
998.
Norman H. Nie Darwin W. Miller III Saar Golde Daniel M. Butler Kenneth Winneg 《American journal of political science》2010,54(2):428-439
We propose a framework for understanding how the Internet has affected the U.S. political news market. The framework is driven by the lower cost of production for online news and consumers' tendency to seek out media that conform to their own beliefs. The framework predicts that consumers of Internet news sources should hold more extreme political views and be interested in more diverse political issues than those who solely consume mainstream television news. We test these predictions using two large datasets with questions about news exposure and political views. Generally speaking, we find that consumers of generally left‐of‐center (right‐of‐center) cable news sources who combine their cable news viewing with online sources are more liberal (conservative) than those who do not. We also find that those who use online news content are more likely than those who consume only television news content to be interested in niche political issues. 相似文献
999.
Balanced budget requirements (BBRs) affect all aspects of financial operations. Previous studies relied on characterizations that highlight a constitutional-statutory distinction. Hou and Smith (Public Budgeting & Finance 26(3):22–45, 2006) instead propose a political-technical construct. This article uses probit estimation, six measures of balance, and long panels to test which framework offers more explanatory power. The findings suggest that BBRs matter to varying degrees. Technical requirements exert bigger effects than political ones, the effects are more obvious on narrower than broader measures of balance and in the later phases of the budget cycle, and the political-technical construct offers more explanatory power than the constitutional-statutory distinction. 相似文献
1000.
Apparentments – or coalitions of several electoral lists – are a widely neglected aspect of the study of proportional electoral systems. This paper proposes a formal model that explains the benefits political parties derive from apparentments, based on their alliance strategies and relative size. In doing so, it reveals that apparentments are most beneficial for highly fractionalised political blocs. However, it also emerges that large parties stand to gain much more from apparentments than small parties do. Because of this, small parties are likely to join in apparentments with other small parties, excluding large parties where possible. These arguments are tested empirically, using a new dataset from the Swiss national parliamentary elections covering a period from 1995 to 2007. 相似文献