排序方式: 共有71条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
An Assessment of How Facial Mimicry Can Change Facial Morphology: Implications for Identification 下载免费PDF全文
Daniele Gibelli M.D. Ph.D. Danilo De Angelis D.D.S. Ph.D. Pasquale Poppa B.Sc. Ph.D. Chiarella Sforza M.D. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. B.Sc. Ph.D. M.A. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):405-410
The assessment of facial mimicry is important in forensic anthropology; in addition, the application of modern 3D image acquisition systems may help for the analysis of facial surfaces. This study aimed at exposing a novel method for comparing 3D profiles in different facial expressions. Ten male adults, aged between 30 and 40 years, underwent acquisitions by stereophotogrammetry (VECTRA‐3D ® ) with different expressions (neutral, happy, sad, angry, surprised). The acquisition of each individual was then superimposed on the neutral one according to nine landmarks, and the root mean square (RMS) value between the two expressions was calculated. The highest difference in comparison with the neutral standard was shown by the happy expression (RMS 4.11 mm), followed by the surprised (RMS 2.74 mm), sad (RMS 1.3 mm), and angry ones (RMS 1.21 mm). This pilot study shows that the 3D–3D superimposition may provide reliable results concerning facial alteration due to mimicry. 相似文献
2.
Zuzana Caplova M.Sc. Zuzana Obertova Ph.D. Daniele M. Gibelli M.D. Ph.D. Debora Mazzarelli M.Sc. Tony Fracasso M.D. Peter Vanezis O.B.E. Ph.D. Chiarella Sforza M.D. Ph.D. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1286-1291
In humanitarian emergencies, such as the current deceased migrants in the Mediterranean, antemortem documentation needed for identification may be limited. The use of visual identification has been previously reported in cases of mass disasters such as Thai tsunami. This pilot study explores the ability of observers to match unfamiliar faces of living and dead persons and whether facial morphology can be used for identification. A questionnaire was given to 41 students and five professionals in the field of forensic identification with the task to choose whether a facial photograph corresponds to one of the five photographs in a lineup and to identify the most useful features used for recognition. Although the overall recognition score did not significantly differ between professionals and students, the median scores of 78.1% and 80.0%, respectively, were too low to consider this method as a reliable identification method and thus needs to be supported by other means. 相似文献
3.
Michela Zana B.Sc. Francesca Magli M.A. Alessandra Mazzucchi Ph.D. Elisa Castoldi B.Sc. Daniele Gibelli M.D. Ph.D. Giulia Caccia B.Sc. Francesca Cornacchia B.Sc. Daniel A. Gaudio Ph.D. Mirko Mattia B.Sc. Cristina Cattaneo B.Sc. M.D. M.A. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1140-1144
The charring process is a weak point of anthropological analysis as it changes bone morphology and reduces information obtainable, specially in fetuses. This experiment aims at verifying the conservation of fetal bones after cremation. A total of 3138 fetuses of unknown sex and age were used, deriving from legal and therapeutic abortions from different hospitals of Milan. Cremations took place in modern crematoria. Nine cremation events were analyzed, each ranging from 57 to 915 simultaneously cremated fetuses. During the cremations, 4356 skeletal remains were recovered, 3756 of which (86.2%) were morphologically distinguishable. All types of fetal skeletal elements were found, with the exception of some cranial bones. Only 3.4% of individuals could be detected after the cremation process, because of the prevalence of abortions under 12 lunar weeks. All fire alterations were observed and the results were statistically analyzed. This pilot study confirmed the possibility of preservation of fetal skeletal elements after cremation. 相似文献
4.
Enrico Gerace Ph.D. Elena Bovetto M.Sc. Daniele Di Corcia M.Sc. Marco Vincenti M.Sc. Alberto Salomone Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(4):1107-1111
Diphenidine is a dissociative drug that shows several psychotropic effects including euphoria, shifts in perception of reality, hallucinations, and transient anterograde amnesia. In this study, a case of acute intoxication occurring after diphenidine intake is reported. A 30‐year‐old Caucasian male was hospitalized after he was found in a confused and agitated state and unable to communicate. The physical examination displayed tachycardia, miotic pupils, and increased both body temperature and respiratory rate. After a liquid–liquid extraction procedure, GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of diphenidine in plasma and urine at concentrations of 308 and 631 ng/mL, respectively. Methylphenidate and diclazepam were also detected in the plasma. The clinical progress of the patient was favorable, and his symptoms were cured with a symptomatic treatment. The combined circumstantial elements and toxicological results of the case reported revealed the occurrence of an acute intoxication ascribable to the recreational abuse of diphenidine. 相似文献
5.
Daniele Cangemi 《International Review of Law, Computers & Technology》2004,18(2):165-171
The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime is the first international treaty on crimes committed via the Internet and other computer networks. It aims principally at harmonising the domestic criminal law elements of offences and connected provisions in the area of cyber‐crime and setting up a fast and effective regime of international co‐operation. Considering the inadequacy of traditional investigative powers and the absence, in most countries, of specific procedural rules applicable in cyberspace, the Convention is also aiming at providing for the domestic criminal procedure law powers necessary for the investigation and prosecution of criminal offences that are likely to be committed via computer systems, as well as for any type of criminal investigation where it is necessary to collect information that exists in electronic form. These powers, some of which are particulary innovative, correspond to different objectives, such as compiling evidence, locating the source and identifying the perpetrator of an offence. However, they are all intended to enable computer data to be obtained or gathered in the context of ongoing criminal investigations, and do not have a proactive effect or scope. The Conventions fundamental premise is thus to recognise that digital data has a legal value in itself and probative force that is identical to that of material evidence existing in the non‐virtual world. 相似文献
6.
Alberto Amadasi M.D. Daniele Merli B.Sc. Alberto Brandone B.Sc. Pasquale Poppa B.Sc. Daniele Gibelli M.D. Cristina Cattaneo Ph.D. M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(4):964-966
Gunshot residue (GSR) has been sought and demonstrated on many types of material and with many techniques. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES) could be a useful method on difficult substrates, but a systematic study on burnt material has never been performed. Hence, this study aims at evaluating the usefulness and reliability of this method on burnt samples. Sixteen adult bovine ribs (eight with soft tissues, eight totally skeletonized) were shot using two kinds of projectile (both 9 mm full metal‐jacketed or unjacketed). Then, every sample was led to complete calcination in an electric oven. The area of the gunshot entrance wound was swabbed and analyzed by ICP‐OES; the results were also correlated with a previously published parallel study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an SEM–energy dispersive X‐ray analyzer. ICP‐OES proved to be very sensitive and reliable even on degraded material and can be an appropriate nondestructive method for detecting residues on difficult and delicate substrates such as burnt bone. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
This article deals with the political culture of the Alpine region, its expression in the strategies of regionalist and populist parties, and how this affects the relationship to European integration. The Alpine culture is a specific set of attitudes and values overlapping with religious, rural–urban and centre–periphery (ethno-linguistic) dimensions. These cultural elements are expressed in similar ways across national borders and are most visible in the Lega Nord in Italy, the Christlich-Soziale Union in Bavaria, the Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs in Austria, and the Schweizerische Volkspartei in Switzerland. The Alpine political culture includes strong anti-modern features, emphasises issues such as ‘nature’ and Heimat in the political discourse, and incorporates religious and traditional attitudes. This type of political culture is particularly relevant as it may represent a crucial dimension in the emerging European-wide party system, presenting an alternative ‘image of Europe’ and European integration. 相似文献
10.