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171.
172.
Derek A. Kreager Jacob T.N. Young Dana L. Haynie David R. Schaefer Martin Bouchard Kimberly M. Davidson 《犯罪学》2021,59(1):42-72
Applying an abductive mixed‐methods approach, we investigate the informal status systems in three women's prison units (across two prisons) and one men's prison unit. Qualitative analyses suggest “old head” narratives—where age, time in prison, sociability, and prison wisdom confer unit status—are prevalent across all four contexts. Perceptions of maternal “caregivers” and manipulative “bullies,” however, are found only in the three women's units. The qualitative findings inform formal network analyses by differentiating “positive,” “neutral,” and “negative” status nominations, with “negative” ties primarily absent from the men's unit. Within the women's units, network analyses find that high‐status women are likely to receive both positive and negative peer nominations, such that evaluations depend on who is doing the evaluating. Comparing the women's and men's networks, the correlates of positive and neutral ties are generally the same and center on covariates of age, getting along with others, race, and religion. Overall, the study points to important similarities and differences in status across the gendered prison contexts, while demonstrating how a sequential mixed‐methods design can illuminate both the meaning and the structure of prison informal organization. 相似文献
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174.
Since the establishment of devolution in 1999, Northern Ireland's power‐sharing governments have been fragile and prone to crisis. However, following a decade of relative stability and cooperation between Nationalists and Unionists at Stormont, hopes were high that the devolved arrangements had finally become embedded and more resistant to collapse. This optimism was dashed when Sinn Féin brought down the devolved institutions in January 2017. A snap election once again returned the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) and Sinn Féin as the largest parties and their inability to form a government resulted in yet another political stalemate. This article begins by outlining the pattern of political crises in Northern Ireland and assesses both the trigger factors and the responses. It then goes beyond the most obvious explanation for this continuing instability—that of the deep sectarian based divisions—and points to a number of other reasons for the volatility. These include issues such as the incomplete implementation of previous agreements, the impact of broader UK policies and the shadow of Direct Rule. 相似文献
175.
Derek Hall 《The Journal of peasant studies》2013,40(3):603-609
This article seeks to determine what light the literature on the political economy of agriculture in Southeast Asia can shed on the analysis that underpins the World Bank's 2008 World Development Report, Agriculture for Development. It argues that work on Southeast Asia highlights gaps and problems in the Bank's account relating to the dynamics of boom crops, to the nature of social and political mobilisation around agriculture, and to the conceptualisation of agrarian transition. 相似文献
176.
Derek Kauneckis Krister Andersson 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》2009,44(1):23-46
There has been increased emphasis in the last three decades on the decentralization of natural resource governance decisions
to local government in developing countries as a means of improving environmental quality, public service delivery, and the
accountability of local officials. We examine the performance of decentralization of natural resource management services
in a large sample of municipal governments in four Latin American countries. Our analysis includes a variety of factors discussed
in the literature as important in influencing the responsiveness of government officials to local needs. We provide a nested
institutional model in which local officials respond to incentives created by the structure of formal political institutions
at both the local and national level. The results provide support for the importance of considering local and national institutional arrangements as these co-determine the political incentives within decentralized systems.
Derek Kauneckis is an assistant professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Nevada, Reno. His research examines environmental governance, policy design and the development of decision-making structures as they relate to environmental outcomes. Current work focuses on property right arrangements, sustainability and science and technology policy within federal systems. He holds a M.S. in International Development from UC Davis and a Ph.D. in Public Policy from Indiana University at Bloomington. Krister Andersson is an assistant professor in environmental policy at the University of Colorado at Boulder. His research focuses on issues related to public policy reforms and their mixed effects on rural development and natural resource governance in Latin America. His work has appeared in journals such as World Development, Comparative Political Studies, and the Journal of Policy Analysis, and Management, among others. In the book The Samaritans Dilemma (Oxford, 2005) he and his co-authors examine the institutional incentive structures of development aid. 相似文献
Krister AnderssonEmail: |
Derek Kauneckis is an assistant professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Nevada, Reno. His research examines environmental governance, policy design and the development of decision-making structures as they relate to environmental outcomes. Current work focuses on property right arrangements, sustainability and science and technology policy within federal systems. He holds a M.S. in International Development from UC Davis and a Ph.D. in Public Policy from Indiana University at Bloomington. Krister Andersson is an assistant professor in environmental policy at the University of Colorado at Boulder. His research focuses on issues related to public policy reforms and their mixed effects on rural development and natural resource governance in Latin America. His work has appeared in journals such as World Development, Comparative Political Studies, and the Journal of Policy Analysis, and Management, among others. In the book The Samaritans Dilemma (Oxford, 2005) he and his co-authors examine the institutional incentive structures of development aid. 相似文献
177.
Derek Draft D.D.S. Victoria S. Lucas Ph.D. Fraser McDonald Ph.D. Manoharan Andiappan Ph.D. Graham Roberts M.D.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(5):1506-1509
The expression of uncertainty is defined by the standard deviation and is usually expressed in multiples of the standard deviation (±1sd, ±2sd, and ±3sd). The objective was to use weighting of the sd calculation by the number or count of subjects for each tooth development stage. A comparison shows the difference between the range of uncertainty using the unweighted sd and the weighted sd. The range of uncertainty related to Dental Age Estimation is statistically significantly greater (p < 0.001) for the weighted sd compared to the unweighted sd. It is concluded that the number of subjects for each Tooth Development Stage in the Reference Data set should be included in the calculation for a single Dental Age Estimation using the Simple Average Method when presenting the uncertainty associated with the point estimate of the “mean” for Dental Age Estimation of a single subject of unknown age. 相似文献
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179.
This article explores accounts of bystanders to female-on-female public violence. Group interviews with participants in the night-time economy are carried out. Whereas men tend to respond to the discussion topic of female-on-female violence with laughter, this laughter reveals ambivalence and discomfort as much as amusement. Men seem to negotiate the tension between the expectation that they should intervene in emergencies and a catalogue of costs that attend intervention. Female bystanders appear to have a different set of concerns. They talk about feelings of shame at the interpersonal and the group level. Women cite the public spectacle, and the opportunity for men to demean or sexualize women, as reasons for intervention. The article concludes with some recommendations about the importance of exploring female violence in its own terms, beginning with a series of identified moral and social dilemmas incurred within possible third-party intervention. 相似文献
180.
Cantor JC Belloff D Monheit AC Delia D Koller M 《Journal of health politics, policy and law》2012,37(1):99-128
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires that adults up to age twenty-six be permitted to enroll as dependents on their parents' health plans. This article examines the experiences of states that enacted dependent expansion laws. Drawing on public information from thirty-one enacting states and case studies of four diverse reform states, it derives lessons that are pertinent to the implementation of this ACA provision. Dependent coverage laws vary across the states, but most impose residency, marital status, and other restrictions. The federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act further limits the reach of state laws. Eligibility for expanded coverage under the ACA is much broader. Rules in some states requiring or allowing separate premiums for adult dependents may also discourage enrollment compared with rules in other states (and the ACA), where these costs must be factored into family premiums. Business opposition in some states led to more restrictive regulations, especially for how premiums are charged, which in turn raised greater implementation challenges. Case study states did not report substantial young adult dependent coverage take-up, but early enrollment experience under ACA appears to be more positive. Long-term questions remain about the implications of this policy for risk pooling and the distribution of premium costs. 相似文献