社会主义财政和财政法

<正> 在社会主义社会,财政和财政法的相互关系和相互作用在本质上具有新的意义。马克思强调指出:"人们按照自己物质生产的发展建立相应的社会关系,正是这些人又按照自己的社会关系创造了相应的原理、观念和范畴"。因此,必须从理论上和方法学上研究财政和财政法对发展生产、生产集约化、提高工作效率和改进工作质量所起作用的复杂过程。在解决这些迫切的任务时,苏维埃社会主义法及其各部门法,其中包括财政法,都起着     

How many physicians are enough?

Although it is difficult to ascertain whether or not the nation faces an oversupply of physicians in the coming decades, there is no doubt that a health care system can be operated more effectively with a taut supply of medical personnel than with a loose supply. The perception of severe specialty and geographic imbalance, which informed national health policy during the 1960s and 1970s, has been modified by evidence of a significant redistribution in the supply. Increasing numbers of practitioners are likely to effect further escalation in the costs of physician services and total expenditures for health care, even if--in conformity with classical laws of supply and demand--individual physicians' incomes and the relative economic advantage of the profession were to decline. Since the objective of improved access has to a considerable extent been realized, the principal benefit of the loosened supply in the future will be to facilitate the initiation of innovative practice modes and alternative health care delivery systems that offer the potential of improved efficiency and quality.